尼龙6/碳化硅复合材料的制备及性能研究
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摘要
采用熔融共混方法制备了尼龙6 (PA6)/碳化硅(SiC)复合材料;研究了不同SiC添加量对PA6/SiC复合材料的力学性能、结晶行为、断面形貌以及动态力学性能的影响。力学性能结果表明,加入SiC后,复合材料的力学性能明显提高,当SiC含量为5 phr时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到最大值70. 47 MPa,较PA6纯料提高了49. 51%,冲击强度达到7. 72 kJ/m~2,较PA6纯料提高了17. 3%,断裂伸长率从PA6纯料的2%提高到36. 6%。动态力学行为的测试结果显示,加入SiC后,在测试温度范围内,储能模量(E')均高于PA6纯料。DSC结果表明,加入SiC后,复合材料的结晶温度向高温移动,结晶度提高,并且结晶半峰宽降低,表明SiC起到了成核剂的作用,促进了PA6材料的结晶。SEM图像显示,SiC的加入促使PA6断面出现空穴化现象,产生剪切屈服,从而达到增韧效果。
The carborundum reinforced Nylon 6(PA6)/carborundum( SiC) composites were prepared by melt blending. The effect of SiC contents on the mechanical properties,crystallization behavior,fracture morphology and dynamic mechanical behavior of PA6/SiC composites were studied. The results show that the mechanical properties of composites could be improved significantly with the addition of SiC. When the content of SiC is 5 phr,the tensile strength of the composites could achieve the maximum value,which is 70. 47 MPa and has increased 49. 51%comparing with pure PA6. The impact strength could achieve reach 7. 72 kJ/m~2,which has increased 17. 3%camparing with pure PA6. The elongation at break could increase from 2% of pure PA6 to 36. 6%. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis( DMA) show that storage modulus( E') of the composites with Si C are obviously higher than the pure PA6 in the range of test temperature. The results of Differential Scanning Calorimeter( DSC) show that the crystallization temperature of the composite could move to high temperature with the increasing of SiC,the crystallinity could increase and the crystalline half peak width could decrease. These phenomena indicate that Si C acts as nucleating agent which could promote the crystallization of PA6. The SEM images show that the addition of Si C could promote cavitation in the cross section of PA6,resulting in shear yielding,which could achieve toughing effect.
The carborundum reinforced Nylon 6(PA6)/carborundum( SiC) composites were prepared by melt blending. The effect of SiC contents on the mechanical properties,crystallization behavior,fracture morphology and dynamic mechanical behavior of PA6/SiC composites were studied. The results show that the mechanical properties of composites could be improved significantly with the addition of SiC. When the content of SiC is 5 phr,the tensile strength of the composites could achieve the maximum value,which is 70. 47 MPa and has increased 49. 51%comparing with pure PA6. The impact strength could achieve reach 7. 72 kJ/m~2,which has increased 17. 3%camparing with pure PA6. The elongation at break could increase from 2% of pure PA6 to 36. 6%. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis( DMA) show that storage modulus( E') of the composites with Si C are obviously higher than the pure PA6 in the range of test temperature. The results of Differential Scanning Calorimeter( DSC) show that the crystallization temperature of the composite could move to high temperature with the increasing of SiC,the crystallinity could increase and the crystalline half peak width could decrease. These phenomena indicate that Si C acts as nucleating agent which could promote the crystallization of PA6. The SEM images show that the addition of Si C could promote cavitation in the cross section of PA6,resulting in shear yielding,which could achieve toughing effect.
引文
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[2]BILOTTI E,DUQUESNE E,DENG H,et al.In situ,polymerised polyamide 6/sepiolite nanocomposites:Effect of different interphases[J].Eur Polym J,2014,56(7):131-139.
[3]胡孝迎,郑强,辜婷,等.Ca3(Si3O9)的含量对尼龙6结构与性能的影响[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2017,33(2):44-49.
[4]CASTRO L D C,OLIVEIRA A D,KERSCH M,et al.Effect of organoclay incorporation and blending protocol on performance of PA6/ABS nanocomposites compatibilized with SANMA[J].Polym Eng Sci,2017,57(10):1147-1154.
[5]陈旭,肖山,王虎,等.PP/PA6/nano-CaCO3三元复合材料的结晶行为[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2011,27(2):45-49.
[6]CHEVIGNY C,DALMAS F,COLA E D,et al.Polymergrafted-nanoparticles nanocomposites:Dispersion,grafted chain conformation,and rheological behavior[J].Macromol,2017,44(1):122-133.
[7]欧玉春,方晓萍.刚性粒子增强增韧聚合物复合材料的制备新技术[J].材料研究学报,2001,15(1):110-116.
[8]李春华,齐暑华,张剑,等.碳化硅在聚合物中的应用[J].中国塑料,2006(5):10-13.
[9]李明辉,高智芳,罗红林,等.填充型尼龙6导热绝缘复合材料的性能及制备[J].塑料,2013,42(1):1-3.
[10]纪秋龙,章明秋,容敏智,等.纳米碳化硅填充环氧树脂复合材料的摩擦磨损特性[J].复合材料学报,2004,21(6):14-20.
[11]KUMAR S S,KANAGARAJ G.Evaluation of mechanical properties and characterization of Si C reinforced PA6polymer composites and its engineering applications[J].Int J Polym Anal Ch,2016,21(5):378-386.
[12]杨光福,柯扬船,刘维康.PET/Si O2纳米复合材料的光学性能和结晶成核行为[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2007,23(4):94-97.
[13]陈德良,杨华明,高濂.无机组合粒子/聚丙烯复合材料的制备与协同效应[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2003,19(6):220-223.
[14]黄锐,王旭,张玲,等.熔融共混法制备聚合物/纳米无机粒子复合材料[J].中国塑料,2003(4):20-23.
[15]梁基照.无机粒子填充聚合物复合材料的储能模量及其表征[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(11):143-146.
[16]REYNAUD E,JOUEN T,GAUTHIER C,et al.Nanofillers in polymeric matrix:A study on silica reinforced PA6[J].Polymer,2001,42(21):8759-8768.