考虑风电消纳的热电联供型微网日前鲁棒经济调度
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摘要
针对热电联供型微网中的风电不确定性,文中构建双层鲁棒模型从而得到最恶劣风电出力场景下的微网最优日前调度方案。模型考虑了可控机组运行成本、功率交互成本,并将弃置的风电功率以惩罚的形式引入目标以提高微网对风电的消纳能力。鉴于模型内外层之间是相互影响的,文中将原问题分解为日前计划调度主问题以及计及风电出力不确定性的执行调控子问题从而进行求解。在求解过程中,利用线性优化强对偶理论对max-min结构的子问题进行转化,并引入BigM法将所得对偶模型线性化,然后采用列约束生成算法对主问题和子问题进行交互迭代从而获得最优解。最后,通过算例验证了所提模型的有效性。
To address the uncertainty of wind power in the microgrid with the combined heat and power system,a bi-level robust model is presented to obtain the optimal scheduling scheme in the worst-case scenario.The objective function inside the model is designed by considering the costs of controllable generators and electricity purchasing(selling).To improve the ability of microgrid to accommodate the wind power,the abandoned wind curtailment cost is introduced into the objective function.Considering that the inner and outer layers of model interact with each other,the primal problem is decomposed into the dayahead scheduling problem and the sub-problem which considers the uncertainty of wind power.In the solving process,the strong duality theorem is employed to transform the sub-problem with max-min structure into an equivalent problem.In addition,the bilinear terms in the dual problem is converted into linear terms by using the Big-M method.Finally,the problem is solved by the column and constraint generation(C&CG)algorithm.Experiment results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
To address the uncertainty of wind power in the microgrid with the combined heat and power system,a bi-level robust model is presented to obtain the optimal scheduling scheme in the worst-case scenario.The objective function inside the model is designed by considering the costs of controllable generators and electricity purchasing(selling).To improve the ability of microgrid to accommodate the wind power,the abandoned wind curtailment cost is introduced into the objective function.Considering that the inner and outer layers of model interact with each other,the primal problem is decomposed into the dayahead scheduling problem and the sub-problem which considers the uncertainty of wind power.In the solving process,the strong duality theorem is employed to transform the sub-problem with max-min structure into an equivalent problem.In addition,the bilinear terms in the dual problem is converted into linear terms by using the Big-M method.Finally,the problem is solved by the column and constraint generation(C&CG)algorithm.Experiment results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
引文
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[13]XU L,YANG G,XU Z,et al.Combined scheduling of electricity and heat in a microgrid with volatile wind power[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems(in Chinese),2011,35(9):53-60.
[14]谭津,邓长虹,杨威,等.微电网光伏发电的Adaboost天气聚类超短期预测方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(21):33-39.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170217006.TAN Jin,DENG Changhong,YANG Wei,et al.Ultra-shortterm photovoltaic power forecasting in microgrid based on Adaboost clustering[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(21):33-39. DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170217006.
[15]LIU Y,JIANG C,SHEN J,et al.Coordination of hydro units with wind power generation using interval optimization[J].IEEE Transaction on Sustainable Energy,2015,6(2):443-453.
[16]彭春华,谢鹏,詹骥文,等.基于改进细菌觅食算法的微网鲁棒经济调度[J].电网技术,2014,38(9):2392-2398.PENG Chunhua,XIE Peng,ZHAN Jiwen,et al.Robust economic dispatch of microgrid using improved bacterial foraging algorithm[J].Power System Technology,2014,7438(9):2392-2398.
[17]向月,刘俊勇,魏震波,等.考虑可再生能源出力不确定性的微电网能量优化鲁棒模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(19):3063-3072.XIANG Yue,LIU Junyong,WEI Zhenbo,et al.Robust model of microgrid energy optimization with uncertain renewable energy sources[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(19):3063-3072.
[18]刘一欣,郭力,王成山.微电网两阶段鲁棒优化经济调度方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(14):4013-4022.LIU Yixin,GUO Li,WANG Chengshan.Economic dispatch of microgrid based on two stage robust optimization[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(14):4013-4022.
[19]李正茂,张峰,梁军,等.含电热联合系统的微电网运行优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3569-3576.LI Zhengmao,ZHANG Feng,LIANG Jun,et al.Optimization on microgrid with combined heat and power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(14):3569-3576.
[20]赵波,薛美东,陈荣柱,等.高可再生能源渗透率下考虑预测误差的微电网经济调度模型[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(7):1-8.DOI:10.7500/AEPS201210254.ZHAO Bo, XUE Meidong, CHEN Rongzhu,et al.An economic dispatch model for microgrid with high renewable energy resource penetration considering forecast errors[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(7):1-8.DOI:10.7500/AEPS201210254.
[21]温俊强,曾博,张建华,等.配电网中分布式风电可调鲁棒优化规划[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):227-233.WEN Junqiang,ZENG Bo,ZHANG Jianhua,et al.Adjustable robust optimization for distributed wind power planning in distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):227-233.
[22]高红均,刘俊勇,魏震波.主动配电网分层鲁棒规划模型及其求解方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1389-1400.GAO Hongjun,LIU Junyong,WEI Zhenbo.A bi-level robust planning model of active distribution network and its solution method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1389-1400.
[23]XIANG Y,LIU J,LIU Y.Robust energy management of micro-grid with uncertain renewable generation and load[J].IEEE Transaction on Smart Grid,2016,7(2):1034-1043.
[24]MOHAMED F A,KOIVO H N.Online management of microgridwithbatterystorageusingmultiobjective optimization[C]//Proceedings of 2007 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives,April 12-14,2007,Setubal,Portugal:231-236.
[25]CARRION M,ARROYO J M.A computationally efficient mixed-integer linear formulation for the thermal unit commitment problem[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2006,2(3):1371-1378.
[26]仉梦林,胡志坚,李燕,等.基于可行性检测的考虑风电和需求响应的机组组合鲁棒优化方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(11):55-65.ZHANG Menglin,HU Zhijian,LI Yan,et al.A robust optimization method for unit commitment considering wind power and demand response based on feasibility testing[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(11):55-65.
[27]GAO H,LIU J,WANG L.Decentralized energy management for networked microgrids in future distribution systems[J].IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,2018,33(4):3599-3610.
[2]LAASSETER R H,AKHIL A,MARNAY C,et al.Integration of distributed energy resources:the CERTS microgrid concept[R].Berkeley, USA:Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions,2002.
[3]王成山,洪博文,郭力,等.冷热电联供微网优化调度通用建模方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(31):26-33.WANG Chengshan,HONG Bowen,GUO Li,et al.A general modeling method for optimal dispatch of combined cooling,heating and power microgrid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(31):26-33.
[4]茆美琴,丁勇,王杨洋,等.微网—未来能源互联网系统中的“有机细胞”[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(19):1-11.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170417007.MAO Meiqin, DING Yong, WANG Yangyang, et al.Microgrid—an“organic cell”for future energy interconnection system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(19):1-11.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170417007.
[5]崔杨,陈志,严干贵,等.基于含储热热电联产机组与电锅炉的弃风消纳协调调度模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(15):4072-4081.CUI Yang,CHEN Zhi,YAN Gangui,et al.Coordinated wind power accommodating dispatch model based on electric boiler and CHP with thermal energy storage[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(15):4072-4081.
[6]黄伟,熊伟鹏,闫彬禹,等.不同时间尺度下虚拟微网优化调度策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(19):12-19.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170409001.HUANG Wei,XIONG Weipeng,YAN Binyu,et al.Multi-time scale optimization scheduling strategy for virtual microgrid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(19):12-19.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170409001.
[7]吴雄,王秀丽,王建学,等.微网经济调度问题的混合整数规划方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(28):1-8.WU Xiong,WANG Xiuli,WANG Jianxue,et al.Economic generation scheduling of a microgrid using mixed integer programming[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(28):1-8.
[8]裴玮,邓卫,沈子奇,等.可再生能源与热电联供混合微网能量协调优化[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(16):9-15.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20130903010.PEI Wei,DENG Wei,SHEN Ziqi,et al.Energy coordination and optimization of hybrid microgrid based on renewable energy and CHP supply[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(16):9-15.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20130903010.
[9]刘方,杨秀,黄海涛,等.含热电联产热电解耦运行方式下的微网能量综合优化[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2016,28(1):51-57.LIU Fang, YANG Xiu, HUANG Haitao,et al.Energy comprehensive optimization of micro-grid including CHP with thermoelectric decoupling operation mode[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2016,28(1):51-57.
[10]刘小平,丁明,张颖媛,等.微网系统的动态经济调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(31):77-84.LIU Xiaoping, DING Ming, ZHANG Yingyuan,et al.Dynamic economic dispatch for microgrids[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(31):77-84.
[11]王锐,顾伟,吴志.含可再生能源的热电联供型微网经济运行优化[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(8):22-27.WANG Rui, GU Wei, WU Zhi.Economic and optimal operation of a combined heat and power microgrid with renewable energy resources[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(8):22-27.
[12]TALARI S, YAZDANINEJAD M, HAGHIFAM M R.Stochastic-based scheduling of the microgridoperation including wind turbines,photovoltaic cells,energy storages and responsive loads[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2015,9(12):1498-1509.
[13]XU L,YANG G,XU Z,et al.Combined scheduling of electricity and heat in a microgrid with volatile wind power[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems(in Chinese),2011,35(9):53-60.
[14]谭津,邓长虹,杨威,等.微电网光伏发电的Adaboost天气聚类超短期预测方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(21):33-39.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170217006.TAN Jin,DENG Changhong,YANG Wei,et al.Ultra-shortterm photovoltaic power forecasting in microgrid based on Adaboost clustering[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(21):33-39. DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170217006.
[15]LIU Y,JIANG C,SHEN J,et al.Coordination of hydro units with wind power generation using interval optimization[J].IEEE Transaction on Sustainable Energy,2015,6(2):443-453.
[16]彭春华,谢鹏,詹骥文,等.基于改进细菌觅食算法的微网鲁棒经济调度[J].电网技术,2014,38(9):2392-2398.PENG Chunhua,XIE Peng,ZHAN Jiwen,et al.Robust economic dispatch of microgrid using improved bacterial foraging algorithm[J].Power System Technology,2014,7438(9):2392-2398.
[17]向月,刘俊勇,魏震波,等.考虑可再生能源出力不确定性的微电网能量优化鲁棒模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(19):3063-3072.XIANG Yue,LIU Junyong,WEI Zhenbo,et al.Robust model of microgrid energy optimization with uncertain renewable energy sources[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(19):3063-3072.
[18]刘一欣,郭力,王成山.微电网两阶段鲁棒优化经济调度方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(14):4013-4022.LIU Yixin,GUO Li,WANG Chengshan.Economic dispatch of microgrid based on two stage robust optimization[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(14):4013-4022.
[19]李正茂,张峰,梁军,等.含电热联合系统的微电网运行优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3569-3576.LI Zhengmao,ZHANG Feng,LIANG Jun,et al.Optimization on microgrid with combined heat and power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(14):3569-3576.
[20]赵波,薛美东,陈荣柱,等.高可再生能源渗透率下考虑预测误差的微电网经济调度模型[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(7):1-8.DOI:10.7500/AEPS201210254.ZHAO Bo, XUE Meidong, CHEN Rongzhu,et al.An economic dispatch model for microgrid with high renewable energy resource penetration considering forecast errors[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(7):1-8.DOI:10.7500/AEPS201210254.
[21]温俊强,曾博,张建华,等.配电网中分布式风电可调鲁棒优化规划[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):227-233.WEN Junqiang,ZENG Bo,ZHANG Jianhua,et al.Adjustable robust optimization for distributed wind power planning in distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):227-233.
[22]高红均,刘俊勇,魏震波.主动配电网分层鲁棒规划模型及其求解方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1389-1400.GAO Hongjun,LIU Junyong,WEI Zhenbo.A bi-level robust planning model of active distribution network and its solution method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1389-1400.
[23]XIANG Y,LIU J,LIU Y.Robust energy management of micro-grid with uncertain renewable generation and load[J].IEEE Transaction on Smart Grid,2016,7(2):1034-1043.
[24]MOHAMED F A,KOIVO H N.Online management of microgridwithbatterystorageusingmultiobjective optimization[C]//Proceedings of 2007 International Conference on Power Engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives,April 12-14,2007,Setubal,Portugal:231-236.
[25]CARRION M,ARROYO J M.A computationally efficient mixed-integer linear formulation for the thermal unit commitment problem[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2006,2(3):1371-1378.
[26]仉梦林,胡志坚,李燕,等.基于可行性检测的考虑风电和需求响应的机组组合鲁棒优化方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(11):55-65.ZHANG Menglin,HU Zhijian,LI Yan,et al.A robust optimization method for unit commitment considering wind power and demand response based on feasibility testing[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(11):55-65.
[27]GAO H,LIU J,WANG L.Decentralized energy management for networked microgrids in future distribution systems[J].IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,2018,33(4):3599-3610.