菇房湿帘降温系统改造与关键参数研究
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摘要
湿帘—风机降温系统应用于食用菌栽培,存在降温增湿能力有限、温湿度分布不均匀的问题,只能栽培小部分高温型食用菌品种。通过结构改造将传统负压式湿帘转换成正压式,使之具备内循环与通风循环两种制冷模式。进一步采用单因子变换方式,对改造后的系统进行空培养调节测试,测定通风模式、循环水流量、循环水温等因子的影响作用。结果表明,干热空气经通风筒多次过帘循环,可有效消除菇房温度与湿度分层现象,菇房内温度差小于1.5℃,相对湿度变化小于4%;内循环模式下,当循环水温下降到20℃时,可使室内平均温度达到24℃以下,降温过程中相对湿度可保持在90%以上,可适应更多类型食用菌种栽培;更换室内空气时,合理设置通风模式的开启频次与时长,可将室内温湿度波动稳定在较小范围内。
The wet curtain-fan cooling system is applied to the cultivation of edible fungi.It has the problems of limited cooling and humidifying capacity and uneven distribution of temperature and humidity.Only a small number of high-temperature edible fungi can be cultivated.The wet curtain system was converted into positive pressure type through structural transformation,and there were two cooling modes of internal circulation and ventilation circulation.After the equipment was reformed,the influence factors such as ventilation mode,circulating water flow and circulating water temperature were used to carry out the air culture regulation test by single factor transformation.The test results showed that the dry hot air passed through the curtain cycle several times,effectively eliminating the stratification of temperature and humidity in the mushroom house.The temperature difference was less than 1.5 ℃ and the relative humidity changed less than 4%.In the inner circulation mode,when the circulating water temperature dropped to 20℃,the indoor average temperature could be below 24 ℃,and the relative humidity could be maintained above 90% during the cooling process,and it could adapt to more types of edible fungi cultivation.When replacing indoor air,it was set the frequency and duration of the ventilation mode reasonably,and stabilized the indoor temperature and humidity fluctuation within a reasonable range.
The wet curtain-fan cooling system is applied to the cultivation of edible fungi.It has the problems of limited cooling and humidifying capacity and uneven distribution of temperature and humidity.Only a small number of high-temperature edible fungi can be cultivated.The wet curtain system was converted into positive pressure type through structural transformation,and there were two cooling modes of internal circulation and ventilation circulation.After the equipment was reformed,the influence factors such as ventilation mode,circulating water flow and circulating water temperature were used to carry out the air culture regulation test by single factor transformation.The test results showed that the dry hot air passed through the curtain cycle several times,effectively eliminating the stratification of temperature and humidity in the mushroom house.The temperature difference was less than 1.5 ℃ and the relative humidity changed less than 4%.In the inner circulation mode,when the circulating water temperature dropped to 20℃,the indoor average temperature could be below 24 ℃,and the relative humidity could be maintained above 90% during the cooling process,and it could adapt to more types of edible fungi cultivation.When replacing indoor air,it was set the frequency and duration of the ventilation mode reasonably,and stabilized the indoor temperature and humidity fluctuation within a reasonable range.
引文
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[2]王海燕,孙国琴,庞杰,等.环境胁迫对食用菌生长发育影响的研究进展[J].食药用菌,2017,25(2):110-112.
[3]Butera F,Aste N,Adhikari R S,et al.Wet curtain wall:A novel passive radiant system for hot and dry climates[J].Energy Procedia,2017,105:953-960.
[4]胥芳,蔡彦文,陈教料,等.湿帘—风机降温下的温室热/流场模拟及降温系统参数优化[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(9):201-208.Xu Fang,Cai Yanwen,Chen Jiaoliao,et al.Temperature/flow field simulation and parameter optimal design for greenhouses with fan-pad evaporative cooling system[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(9):201-208.
[5]张树阁,宋卫堂,滕光辉,等.湿帘风机降温系统安装高度对降温效果的影响[J].农业机械学报,2006,37(3):91-94.Zhang Shuge,Song Weitang,Teng Guanghui,et al.Cooling effect of different installation height of wet-curtain fancooling system[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2006,37(3):91-94.
[6]刘刚,曹阳.水温控制精度对蒸发式冷气机制冷量测量准确度的影响研究[J].建筑科学,2010,26(6):101-104.Liu Gang,Cao Yang.Influences of water temperature control accuracy on measurement precision of cooling capacity of evaporative air cooler[J].Building Science,2010,26(6):101-104.