激光熔覆Ni-Cr-Mo合金钢涂层的组织与热稳定性
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摘要
用Nd~(3+):YAG激光器在H13钢基体表面上激光熔覆两种Ni-Mo-Cr系涂层,化学成分(质量分数,w/%)分别为Ni_9Mo_2Cr_(2.5)Al_(0.15)Ti_1B_4Si_3Fe_(78.4)和Ni_2Mo_2Cr_(2.5)Al_(0.1)Ti_1B_4Si_3Fe_(85.4),分别用X射线衍射(XRD)、金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)及高温管式电炉对涂层的表面形貌、物相成分、微观组织、成分分布及热稳定性能进行研究。结果表明:两种Ni-Mo-Cr系粉末与基体皆可发生冶金结合,表面呈均匀的鱼鳞状,组织均匀致密,涂层主要物相为γ-(Fe,Ni)固溶体、FeCr、α-Fe和NiCrFe相等化合物,并且熔覆区组织为等轴晶,结合区组织为垂直于结合面且较为粗大的柱状枝晶。Ni添加量为9%和2%时的Ni-Mo-Cr系涂层平均显微硬度(HV_(0.2))分别为650和740,约为基体硬度(230)的2.8～3.2倍;两种Ni-Mo-Cr涂层的热稳定性能相对于H13钢都有很大提高,其中Ni添加量为2%时的涂层较佳。
in this paper,two kinds of Ni-Mo-Cr coatings were laser-clad on the surface of H13 steel substrate by Nd~(3+):YAG laser.The chemical compositions of applied coatings were Ni_9Mo_2Cr_(2.5)Al_(0.15)Ti_1B_4Si_3Fe_(78.4) and Ni_2Mo_2Cr_(2.5)Al_(0.1)Ti_1B_4Si_3Fe_(85.4)(mass fraction,w/%)respectively. Surface morphology,microstructure,phase composition,composition and thermal stability of the coating had been investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),metallographic microscope,scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and microhardness tester.The results show that the coatings of two Ni-Mo-Cr powders are metallurgically bonded to the matrix.The surface morphology presents uniform and dense fish scale.The main phases of the coating are γ-(Fe,Ni) solid solution,FeCr,α-Fe and NiCrFe equivalent compounds.Tthe coating region is composed of equiaxed grain,and the bonding region is composed of relatively coarse,columnar dendrites perpendicular to the bonding surface.The average microhardness of Ni-Mo-Cr coatings with 9% and 2% Ni addition are 650 HV_(0.2) and 740 HV_(0.2),respectively,which is about 2.8 to 3.2 times that of the matrix(230 HV_(0.2)). The thermal stability of the Ni-Mo-Cr coating is greatly improved compared to the H13 steel,and the coating is better when the Ni addition is 2%.
in this paper,two kinds of Ni-Mo-Cr coatings were laser-clad on the surface of H13 steel substrate by Nd~(3+):YAG laser.The chemical compositions of applied coatings were Ni_9Mo_2Cr_(2.5)Al_(0.15)Ti_1B_4Si_3Fe_(78.4) and Ni_2Mo_2Cr_(2.5)Al_(0.1)Ti_1B_4Si_3Fe_(85.4)(mass fraction,w/%)respectively. Surface morphology,microstructure,phase composition,composition and thermal stability of the coating had been investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),metallographic microscope,scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and microhardness tester.The results show that the coatings of two Ni-Mo-Cr powders are metallurgically bonded to the matrix.The surface morphology presents uniform and dense fish scale.The main phases of the coating are γ-(Fe,Ni) solid solution,FeCr,α-Fe and NiCrFe equivalent compounds.Tthe coating region is composed of equiaxed grain,and the bonding region is composed of relatively coarse,columnar dendrites perpendicular to the bonding surface.The average microhardness of Ni-Mo-Cr coatings with 9% and 2% Ni addition are 650 HV_(0.2) and 740 HV_(0.2),respectively,which is about 2.8 to 3.2 times that of the matrix(230 HV_(0.2)). The thermal stability of the Ni-Mo-Cr coating is greatly improved compared to the H13 steel,and the coating is better when the Ni addition is 2%.
引文
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[17]Yi Xinpeng.Preparation of Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy coating by laser cladding and its wear resistance[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2014:33-34.(易鑫鹏.激光熔覆制备Fe-Mn-Si记忆合金涂层工艺及耐磨性研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2014:33-34.)
[18]Li X Z,Liu Z D,Li H C,et al.Investigations on the behavior of laser cladding Ni-Cr-Mo alloy coating on TP347H stainless steel tube in HCl rich environment[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2013,232(10):627-639.
[19]Yue T M,Li T,Lin X.Microstructure and phase evolution in laser cladding of Ni/Cu/Al multilayer on magnesium substrates[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions A,2010,41(1):212-223.
[20]Xu A Q,Fu G Y,Wang C,et al.Study on behavior of Ni-based and Fe-based hardfacing alloys in plant valves with laser cladding[J].Advanced Materials Research,2011,287-290:2267-2270.
[21]Zhang Jian,Wang Zhen,Zhao Longzhi,et al.Study on microstructure and wear resistance of laser cladding Fe-36Ni invar alloy coating[J].Hot Working Technology,2017(14):173-176.(张坚,王震,赵龙志,等.激光熔覆Fe-36Ni因瓦合金涂层的组织与耐磨性研究[J].热加工工艺,2017(14):173-176.)
[22]Liu Hongxi,Zeng Weihua,Zhang Xiaowei,et al.Microstructure and properties of multi-channel laser cladding Ni-based coating on stainless steel surface[J].Editorial Office of Optics and Precision Engineer,2011,19(7):1515-1523.(刘洪喜,曾维华,张晓伟,等.不锈钢表面多道激光熔覆Ni基涂层的组织与性能[J].光学精密工程,2011,19(7):1515-1523.)
[23]Zhang Jing,Liu Jichang,Zhang Fuquan,et al.Laser cladding Fe-Cr-Si-B coating on nodular cast iron surface[J].Journal of Materials Heat Treatment,2010,31(5):133-137.(张静,刘继常,张福全,等.球墨铸铁表面激光熔覆Fe-Cr-Si-B涂层[J].材料热处理学报,2010,31(5):133-137.)
[24]Wang Yixiang,Li Baozeng,Gong Yaohua,et al.Microstructure and properties of laser cladding Fe-based alloy coating on 45 steel surface[J].Thermal Engineering,2008,37(21):131-133.(王义厢,李宝增,宫耀华,等.45钢表面激光熔覆铁基合金涂层显微组织与性能[J].热加工工艺,2008,37(21):131-133.)
[2]Pham Thi Hong Nga,Zhang Xiaowei,Wang Chuanqi.Transactionsof the china welding institution[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2013,34(11):27-32.(Pham Thi Hong Nga,张晓伟,王传奇.H13钢表面Ti C/Co基激光修复层的显微组织与力学性能[J].焊接学报,2013,34(11):27-32.)
[3]Wu Xiaolei,Hong Youshi.Microstructure and mechanical propertiesat Ti Cp/Ni-alloy interfaces in laser-synthesized coatings[J].MaterialsScience and Engineering,2001,318(1/2):15-21.
[4]Tang Shujun,Liu Hongxi,Zhang Xiaowei.Microstructure and property of selective laser cladding Ni-Al intermetallic compound coating on H13 steel surface[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2014,43(5):1621-1626.(唐淑君,刘洪喜,张晓伟.H13钢表面激光选区熔覆Ni-Al金属间化合物涂层的组织与性能[J].红外与激光工程,2014,43(5):1621-1626.)
[5]Li Zhigang.Investigation on surface modification of die-casting mouldsteel H13[D].Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2008:1-15.(李志刚.热作模具钢H13表面改性的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2008:1-15.)
[6]Chen Jie.The study of H13 steel and its heat treatment[J].Heat Trea-tment Technology and Equipment,2008,29(4):44-46.(陈杰.H13钢及其热处理[J].热处理技术与装备,2008,29(4):44-46.)
[7]Zhang Milan,Xing Shuming,Xin Qiao.Abnormoa failure analysis of H13 punches in steel squeeze casting process[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2008,15(3):47-51.
[8]Zhu Qingjin,Wang Xinhong,Qu Shiyao,et al.Amorphization of Fe38Ni30Si16B14V2surface layers by laser cladding[J].Transaction of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2008,18:270-273.
[9]Huang Yongjun,Zeng Xiaoyan.Microstructure and interface interaction in laser induction hybrid cladding of Ni-based coating[J].Applied Surface Science,2009,255:3940-3945.
[10]Zhu Qingjun,Zou Zengda,Wang Xinhong,et al.Microstructure and properties of laser cladding Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline composite coatings[J].Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2008,38(2):1(朱庆军,邹增大,王新洪,等.激光熔覆Fe基非晶/纳米晶复合涂层的组织与性能[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2008,38(2):1-5.)
[11]Zhu Qingjun,Qu Shiyao,Wang Xinhong,et al.Synthesis of Fe-based amorphous composite coatings with low purity materials by laser cladding[J].Applied Surface Science,2007,253:7060-7064.
[12]Wu Xiaolei,Hong Youshi.Fe-based thick amorphous-alloy coating by laser cladding[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2001,141:141-144.
[13]Chen Xueju,Wang Zehua,Lin Pinghua.Study on thermal stability of Cr-Mo alloy spherical cast steel[J].Modern Metallurgy,2006,34(6):7-10.(陈雪菊,王泽华,林萍华.Cr-Mo合金球墨铸钢的热稳定性研究[J].现代冶金,2006,34(6):7-10.)
[14]Li R,Li Z,Huang J,et al.Dilution effect on the formation of amorphous phase in the laser cladded Ni-Fe-B-Si-Nb coatings after laser remelting process[J].Applied Surface Science,2012,258(20):7956-7961.
[15]Tao X P,Zhang S,Zhang C H,et al.Effect of Fe and Ni contents on microstructure and wear resistance of aluminum bronze coatings on 316 stainless steel by laser cladding[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2018,237:342.
[16]Zhao Dongmei,Lei Jianbo,Wang Zhi,et al.Microstructure and properties of laser cladding Fe Cr-based Ni-B4C composite coatings[J].Journal of Materials Heat Treatment,2015,36(12):204-209.(赵冬梅,雷剑波,王植,等.激光熔覆Fe Cr基Ni包B4C复合涂层的组织性能[J].材料热处理学报,2015,36(12):204-209.)
[17]Yi Xinpeng.Preparation of Fe-Mn-Si memory alloy coating by laser cladding and its wear resistance[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2014:33-34.(易鑫鹏.激光熔覆制备Fe-Mn-Si记忆合金涂层工艺及耐磨性研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2014:33-34.)
[18]Li X Z,Liu Z D,Li H C,et al.Investigations on the behavior of laser cladding Ni-Cr-Mo alloy coating on TP347H stainless steel tube in HCl rich environment[J].Surface&Coatings Technology,2013,232(10):627-639.
[19]Yue T M,Li T,Lin X.Microstructure and phase evolution in laser cladding of Ni/Cu/Al multilayer on magnesium substrates[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions A,2010,41(1):212-223.
[20]Xu A Q,Fu G Y,Wang C,et al.Study on behavior of Ni-based and Fe-based hardfacing alloys in plant valves with laser cladding[J].Advanced Materials Research,2011,287-290:2267-2270.
[21]Zhang Jian,Wang Zhen,Zhao Longzhi,et al.Study on microstructure and wear resistance of laser cladding Fe-36Ni invar alloy coating[J].Hot Working Technology,2017(14):173-176.(张坚,王震,赵龙志,等.激光熔覆Fe-36Ni因瓦合金涂层的组织与耐磨性研究[J].热加工工艺,2017(14):173-176.)
[22]Liu Hongxi,Zeng Weihua,Zhang Xiaowei,et al.Microstructure and properties of multi-channel laser cladding Ni-based coating on stainless steel surface[J].Editorial Office of Optics and Precision Engineer,2011,19(7):1515-1523.(刘洪喜,曾维华,张晓伟,等.不锈钢表面多道激光熔覆Ni基涂层的组织与性能[J].光学精密工程,2011,19(7):1515-1523.)
[23]Zhang Jing,Liu Jichang,Zhang Fuquan,et al.Laser cladding Fe-Cr-Si-B coating on nodular cast iron surface[J].Journal of Materials Heat Treatment,2010,31(5):133-137.(张静,刘继常,张福全,等.球墨铸铁表面激光熔覆Fe-Cr-Si-B涂层[J].材料热处理学报,2010,31(5):133-137.)
[24]Wang Yixiang,Li Baozeng,Gong Yaohua,et al.Microstructure and properties of laser cladding Fe-based alloy coating on 45 steel surface[J].Thermal Engineering,2008,37(21):131-133.(王义厢,李宝增,宫耀华,等.45钢表面激光熔覆铁基合金涂层显微组织与性能[J].热加工工艺,2008,37(21):131-133.)