刈割施氮对羊草草甸土壤—植物化学计量特征的影响
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摘要
通过刈割频次和施氮处理研究松嫩羊草草甸土壤、植物化学计量学特征以及功能群植物生物量的变化。结果表明,羊草草甸土壤中速效磷的含量受刈割频次的影响显著,与不刈割处理相比,刈割1次和2次分别增加土壤速效磷含量为50.5%和73.4%。施氮处理没有影响松嫩羊草草甸土壤全氮、全磷含量以及速效氮磷含量。刈割、施氮均提高植物群落总氮磷含量,降低植物群落氮磷比至13.68,但植物功能群较植物群落形成了维持体内营养元素含量相对更稳定的能力,其内稳态在刈割频次、施氮处理和二者交互均无显著影响。地上生物量的变化表明,刈割和施氮显著增加群落生物量,但对功能群植物的生物量的增减程度不同。
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of clipping(C)frequency and nitrogen fertilizer application on the stoichiometric characteristics of soil-plant and biomass of functional groups in Leymus chinensis meadow.The content of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)of soil and plant were evaluated in a split-plot designs.Herbage was grown under different N fertilizer inputs and three clipping regime(no clipping time,CK;one clipping time,C1;two clipping time,C2).The results showed that clipping frequency and N application had significant effects on stoichiometric characteristic of soil–Plant and abovegroundnet primary productivity(ANPP)).The content of available P in the soil of Leymus chinensis meadow was significantly affected by the clipping frequency,the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen and phosphorus were not affected by N application.Compared with non-cutting treatment,the content of available P in soil by C1 and C2treatments were 50.5%and 73.4%,respectively.Fertilization had no significant influenceon soil total N and total P,available N and P content.Both clipping and nitrogen application increased the total N and P content of the plant community and reduced the N/P ratio of plant community to 13.68.However,compared with the plant community,Plant functional groups formed the ability to maintain a relatively more stable content of nutrientsin the body,and their internal stability was not significantly affected by clipping frequency,N application and interaction.The changes of aboveground biomass showed that clipping frequency and N application significantly increased the biomass of community,but had different effects on the biomass of functional group plants.
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of clipping(C)frequency and nitrogen fertilizer application on the stoichiometric characteristics of soil-plant and biomass of functional groups in Leymus chinensis meadow.The content of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)of soil and plant were evaluated in a split-plot designs.Herbage was grown under different N fertilizer inputs and three clipping regime(no clipping time,CK;one clipping time,C1;two clipping time,C2).The results showed that clipping frequency and N application had significant effects on stoichiometric characteristic of soil–Plant and abovegroundnet primary productivity(ANPP)).The content of available P in the soil of Leymus chinensis meadow was significantly affected by the clipping frequency,the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen and phosphorus were not affected by N application.Compared with non-cutting treatment,the content of available P in soil by C1 and C2treatments were 50.5%and 73.4%,respectively.Fertilization had no significant influenceon soil total N and total P,available N and P content.Both clipping and nitrogen application increased the total N and P content of the plant community and reduced the N/P ratio of plant community to 13.68.However,compared with the plant community,Plant functional groups formed the ability to maintain a relatively more stable content of nutrientsin the body,and their internal stability was not significantly affected by clipping frequency,N application and interaction.The changes of aboveground biomass showed that clipping frequency and N application significantly increased the biomass of community,but had different effects on the biomass of functional group plants.
引文
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[13]许曼丽.高寒矮嵩草草甸4种主要植物耐牧性差异与资源获得性关系[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2012.Xu Manli.Differences in grazing tolerance and resource acquisition of four main plants in alpine Kobresia humilis meadow[D].Xian:Shaanxi Normal University,2012.
[14]陈凌云.添加氮磷对亚高寒草甸金露梅群落各功能群化学计量学特征的影响[D].兰州:兰州大学,2010.Chen Lingyun.Effects of N、P addition on N:P stoichiometry of different functional groups in Potentilla fruticosa community in a sub-alpine meadow[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University.2010.
[15]杨阔,黄建辉,董丹,等.青藏高原草地植物群落冠层叶片氮磷化学计量学分析[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(1):17-22.Yang Kuo,Huang Jianhui,Dong dan,et al.Canopy leaf N and P stoichiometry in grassland communities of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2010,34(1):17-22.
[16]白天晓,刘安娜,郝匕台,等.刈割制度下羊草草原地上生物量的动态变化机制[J].中国草地学报,2017,39(6):65-71.Bai Tianxiao,Chen Liuannuo,Hao Yutai,et al.Dynamic change mechanism of aboveground biomass of Leymus chinensis grassland under cutting and no cutting[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2017,39(6):65-71.
[17]奇立敏,宝音陶格涛,李雅茹,等.切根方式和氮素添加对退化羊草草地改良效果分析[J].中国草地学报,2017,39(4):67-71.Qilimin,Baoyin Taogetao,Liyaru,et al.Improving effects of root cutting ways and nitrogen additions on degraded Leymus chinensis grassland[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2017,39(4):67-71.
[2] Grman E,Lau J A,Schoolmaster D R Jr,et al.Mechanisms contributing to stability in ecosystem function depend on the environmental context[J].Ecology Letters,2010,13:1400-1410.
[3] Tilman D,Reich P B,Knops J M H.Biodiversity and ecosystem stability in a decade-long grassland experiment.Nature,2006,441:629-632.
[4]王海东,张璐璐,朱志红.刈割、施肥对高寒草甸物种多样性与生态系统功能关系的影响及群落稳定性机制[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(4):279-295.Wang Haidong,Zhang Lulu,Zhu Zhihong.Effects of clipping and fertilizing on the relationships between species diversity and ecosystem functioning and mechanisms of community stability in alpine meadow.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2013,37(4):279-295.
[5]周道玮,李强,宋彦涛,等.松嫩平原羊草草地盐碱化过程[J].植物生态学报,2011,22(6):1423-1430.Zhou Daowei,Li Qiang,Song Yantao,et al.Salinization-alkalization of Leymus chinensis grass land in Songnen Plain of northeast China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,22(6):1423-1430.
[6]李晓刚,朱志红,周晓松,等.刈割、施肥和浇水对高寒草甸物种多样性、功能多样性与初级生产力关系的影响[J].植物生态学报,2011,35:1136-1147.Li Xiaogang,Zhu Zhihong,Zhou Xiaosong,et al.Effects of clipping,fertilizing and watering on the relationship between species diversity,functional diversity and primary productivity in alpine meadow of China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,35:1136-1147.
[7]曾德慧,陈广生.生态化学计量学:复杂生命系统奥秘的探索[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(6):1007-1019.Zeng Dehui,Chen Guangsheng.Stoichiometry ecological:a science to explore the complexity of living systems[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2005,29(6):1007-1019.
[8]王绍强,于贵瑞.生态系统碳氮憐元素的生态化学计量学特征[J].生态学报,2008,28(8):3937-3947.Wang Shaoqiang,Yu Guirui.Ecological stoichiometry characteristics of ecosystem carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus elements.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(8):3937-3947.
[9]银晓瑞,粱存柱,王立新,等.内蒙古典型草原不同恢复演替阶段植物养分化学计量学[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(1):39-47.Yen Xiaorui,Liang Cunzhu,Wang Lixin,et al.Ecological stoichiometry of plant nutrients at different restoration succession stages in typical steppe of Inner Mongolia,China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2010,34(1):39-47.
[10]张丽霞,白永飞,韩兴国.内蒙古典型草原生态系统中N素添加对羊草和黄囊苔草N∶P化学计量学特征的影响[J].植物学报,2004,46(3):259-270.Zhang Lixia.Differential responses of N∶P stoichiometry of Leymus chinensis and Carex korshinskyi to N additions in a steppe ecosystem in Nei Mongol[J].Acta botanica sinica,2004,46(3):259-270.
[11]张仁懿.亚高寒草甸不同功能群植物N:P化学计量特征差异研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2010.Zhang Rinyi.Variation of N:P stoichiometry among functional groups in a sub-alpine meadow[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University.2010.
[12]张璐璐,王孝安,王海东,等.刈割,施肥和浇水对垂穗披碱草生物量分配和补偿性生长的影响[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2013,49(6):807-814.Zhang Lulu,Wang Xiaoan,Wang Haidong,et al.Effects of clipping,fertilizing and watering on biomass allocation and compensatory growth of Elymus nutans[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences),2013,49(6):807-814.
[13]许曼丽.高寒矮嵩草草甸4种主要植物耐牧性差异与资源获得性关系[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2012.Xu Manli.Differences in grazing tolerance and resource acquisition of four main plants in alpine Kobresia humilis meadow[D].Xian:Shaanxi Normal University,2012.
[14]陈凌云.添加氮磷对亚高寒草甸金露梅群落各功能群化学计量学特征的影响[D].兰州:兰州大学,2010.Chen Lingyun.Effects of N、P addition on N:P stoichiometry of different functional groups in Potentilla fruticosa community in a sub-alpine meadow[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University.2010.
[15]杨阔,黄建辉,董丹,等.青藏高原草地植物群落冠层叶片氮磷化学计量学分析[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(1):17-22.Yang Kuo,Huang Jianhui,Dong dan,et al.Canopy leaf N and P stoichiometry in grassland communities of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2010,34(1):17-22.
[16]白天晓,刘安娜,郝匕台,等.刈割制度下羊草草原地上生物量的动态变化机制[J].中国草地学报,2017,39(6):65-71.Bai Tianxiao,Chen Liuannuo,Hao Yutai,et al.Dynamic change mechanism of aboveground biomass of Leymus chinensis grassland under cutting and no cutting[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2017,39(6):65-71.
[17]奇立敏,宝音陶格涛,李雅茹,等.切根方式和氮素添加对退化羊草草地改良效果分析[J].中国草地学报,2017,39(4):67-71.Qilimin,Baoyin Taogetao,Liyaru,et al.Improving effects of root cutting ways and nitrogen additions on degraded Leymus chinensis grassland[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2017,39(4):67-71.