学龄前孤独谱系障碍儿童词汇习得的量表研究
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摘要
本文采用《汉语沟通发展量表(短表)》考察79名学龄前2~6岁孤独谱系障碍儿童(ASD)的早期词汇习得水平,以探讨ASD儿童早期语言沟通发展的特征及其语言习得规律,并比较ASD儿童与正常儿童早期词汇发展的异同。研究发现,ASD儿童在早期语言发展的词汇理解和表达层面均存在着延迟现象,而且在语言理解方面的受损比语言表达更为严重。本文讨论了ASD儿童早期语言发展的异常现象,并提示我国在这方面进行及时有效干预的重要性。
The paper investigates the lexical acquisition of preschool children with Autism Spectrum Disorders( ASD) by using the short form of the Putonghua Communicative Development Inventory( PCDI).Parents of 79 ASD Children aged from2-6( mean age = 48.90 ± 14.26 months) were asked to report their children 's early lexical acquisition conditions.The purpose is to explore the characteristics in the early language communication development of ASD children and compare their early lexical acquisition and development with normal children.The results show that there is a serious delay in the early lexical acquisition of ASD children in terms of lexical comprehensionand expression.Moreover,more serious impairment is seen in language understanding than in language expression.The paper discusses the abnormal phenomena in ASD children's early lexical acquisition,and highlights the importance of timely and effective language intervention in preschool children with ASD in China.
The paper investigates the lexical acquisition of preschool children with Autism Spectrum Disorders( ASD) by using the short form of the Putonghua Communicative Development Inventory( PCDI).Parents of 79 ASD Children aged from2-6( mean age = 48.90 ± 14.26 months) were asked to report their children 's early lexical acquisition conditions.The purpose is to explore the characteristics in the early language communication development of ASD children and compare their early lexical acquisition and development with normal children.The results show that there is a serious delay in the early lexical acquisition of ASD children in terms of lexical comprehensionand expression.Moreover,more serious impairment is seen in language understanding than in language expression.The paper discusses the abnormal phenomena in ASD children's early lexical acquisition,and highlights the importance of timely and effective language intervention in preschool children with ASD in China.
引文
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[14]Su,Y.,Naigles,L.,&Su,L.Y.(2015,Nov).Early Language Screening in Chinese Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders:Characterizing Expressive Language Profiles.Poster presented at Asia Pacific Regional IMFAR,Shanghai,China.
[15]傅莹,陈源,洪梦迪,陈艾婷,王倩,郗昕,黄丽娜.语前聋儿童人工耳蜗植入2年内词汇能力发展[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2015(13).
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[19]曾涛,鹿青,刘荣凤,周洁.词汇飞跃的本质:命名洞察力的实证研究[J].心理与行为研究,2015,(2).
[20]Pickett E,Pullara O,O Grady J,et al.Speech acquisition in older nonverbal individuals with autism:a review of features,methods,and prognosis[J].Cogn Behav Neurol,2009,22(1).
[2]陶嵘,梁焕萍,李丹,朱文臻,韦辉,李恒,杨静,向薇.湖北省孤独症儿童及家长的现状调研[J].教育研究与实验,2011.
[3]Tager-Flusberg,H.,Rogers,S.,Cooper,J.,Landa,R.,Lord,C.,Paul,R.,et al.2009.Defining spoken language benchmarks and selecting measures of expressive language development for young children with autism spectrum disorders[J].Journal of Speech,Language,and Hearing Research,52.
[4]Fenson,L.,Pethick,S.,Renda,C.,Cox,J.L.,Dale,P.S.,&Reznick,J.S.2000.Short form versions of the Mac Arthur Communicative Development Inventories[J].Applied Psycho-linguistics,21.
[5]Charman,T.,Drew,A.,Baird,C.,&Baird,G.2003.Measuring early language development in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder using the Mac Arthur Communicative Development Inventory(Infant Form)[J].Journal of Child Language,30(1).
[6]Luyster,R.,Qiu,S.,Lopez,K.,&Lord,C.2007.Characterizing communicative development in children referred for autism spectrum disorders using the Mac Arthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory(CDI)[J].Journal of Child Language,34.
[7]梁卫兰,郝波,王爽,江玉卿,杨艳玲,张致祥,左启华,Tardif T,Fletcher P.幼儿中文语言词汇发展的研究[J].中华儿科杂志,2002,(11).
[8]Tardif T(谭霞灵),张致祥,梁卫兰.汉语沟通发展使用手册[M].北京:北京大学医学出版社,2008.
[9]潘虹地,赵亚茹,杨英,李雪宁,汪永娟,陶旭炜,梁萃.沈阳市8~16个月儿童的词汇理解发展研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2014,(3).
[10]汪永娟,赵亚茹,谭迎花,姜淑萍,潘虹地,马先生.沈阳市部分城区16~30月幼儿普通话最长语句的平均句子长度调查[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2012,(7).
[11]牛杰,陈永香,朱莉琪.生物和家庭因素对汉语儿童词汇和智能发展的影响[J].中国当代儿科杂志,2015,(7).
[12]Soli,Sigfrid D.,Zheng Y,Meng Z,Li G.Clinical assessment of early language development:a simplified short form of the Mandarin communicative development inventory,Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol.2012 Sep;76(9).
[13]Su,Y.,Naigles,L.,&Su,L.Y.(2014,May).Expressive language profiles in Chinese preschool childrenwith autism spectrum disorders:assessment with the Putonghua Communicative Development Inventory(Toddler Form).Poster presented at International Meeting for Autism Research,Atlanta,USA.
[14]Su,Y.,Naigles,L.,&Su,L.Y.(2015,Nov).Early Language Screening in Chinese Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders:Characterizing Expressive Language Profiles.Poster presented at Asia Pacific Regional IMFAR,Shanghai,China.
[15]傅莹,陈源,洪梦迪,陈艾婷,王倩,郗昕,黄丽娜.语前聋儿童人工耳蜗植入2年内词汇能力发展[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2015(13).
[16]欧阳俊林.儿童语义习得与认知发展研究述略[J].语言文字应用,1999,(2).
[17]Tager-Flusberg H,Calkins S,Nolin T,et al.A Longitudinal study of language acquisition in autistic and Down syndrome children.Journal of Autism and Development Disorders,1990,20(1).
[18]Schelinger,I.The Acquisition of Words and Concepts.Jerusalem,1978.
[19]曾涛,鹿青,刘荣凤,周洁.词汇飞跃的本质:命名洞察力的实证研究[J].心理与行为研究,2015,(2).
[20]Pickett E,Pullara O,O Grady J,et al.Speech acquisition in older nonverbal individuals with autism:a review of features,methods,and prognosis[J].Cogn Behav Neurol,2009,22(1).