基于布里渊光时域反射技术的多参数输电线路覆冰预警
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摘要
因恶劣天气影响造成的输电线路覆冰将严重威胁到电网的安全稳定运行,并造成巨大的经济损失,实现准确的覆冰预警是电力系统亟待解决的问题。针对这一实际问题,为实现实时监测输电线路运行状态、及时发现并处理线路覆冰,采用布里渊光时域反射仪对武川变-察右中旗变500kV输电线路光纤复合架空地线进行在线运行状态监测,并探究利用布里渊光时域反射技术对光纤进行应力和温度监测以实现输电线路覆冰预警的可行性。数据分析表明,布里渊光时域反射仪可以在一定误差范围内准确测量光纤复合架空地线各点的温度和应力相对大小。结合输电线路覆冰时的温度、积温时间和温度日较差等温度相关参数的特性,提出综合各温度相关参数判断输电线路覆冰的条件;将本装置应用于实际输电线路在线监测,找出了被测光纤复合架空地线在2016年11月间满足该条件的具体位置和对应时间。测量结果与天气预报温度数值和变化趋势相近,表明了试验方法的准确性。
The icing on transmission lines caused by severe weather will seriously threaten the safe and stable operation of power grid and cause huge economic losses. How to achieve accurate detection of transmission line icing is a problem yet to be solved. In view of this practical problem,in order to realize real-time monitoring of transmission line operation status,timely detection and treatment of line icing,Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer is adopted to monitor the operation condition of the OPGW of Wuchuan to Chayouzhongqi 500 kV transmission line and the feasibility of detection of transmission line icing based on measuring temperature and strain of the optical fiber by Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer is studied. The result shows that Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer can measure the temperature and relative magnitude of strain of the monitored OPGW within an acceptable range of error. By analyzing the characteristics of temperature and temperaturerelated parameters including accumulated time of suitable temperature for icing and diurnal variation of temperature,the criteria for determining transmission line icing based on all temperature-related parameters is proposed. Where and when transmission line icing had occurred during November 2016 is identified according to this criteria. The measured results are close to the predicted temperature values and variation trends,indicating the accuracy of the test method.
The icing on transmission lines caused by severe weather will seriously threaten the safe and stable operation of power grid and cause huge economic losses. How to achieve accurate detection of transmission line icing is a problem yet to be solved. In view of this practical problem,in order to realize real-time monitoring of transmission line operation status,timely detection and treatment of line icing,Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer is adopted to monitor the operation condition of the OPGW of Wuchuan to Chayouzhongqi 500 kV transmission line and the feasibility of detection of transmission line icing based on measuring temperature and strain of the optical fiber by Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer is studied. The result shows that Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer can measure the temperature and relative magnitude of strain of the monitored OPGW within an acceptable range of error. By analyzing the characteristics of temperature and temperaturerelated parameters including accumulated time of suitable temperature for icing and diurnal variation of temperature,the criteria for determining transmission line icing based on all temperature-related parameters is proposed. Where and when transmission line icing had occurred during November 2016 is identified according to this criteria. The measured results are close to the predicted temperature values and variation trends,indicating the accuracy of the test method.
引文
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[2]王建,熊小伏,梁允,等.地理气象相关的输电线路风险差异评价方法及指标[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(5):1252-1259.
[3]蒋兴良,马俊,王少华,等.输电线路冰害事故及原因分析[J].中国电力,2005,38(11):27-30.
[4]黄新波,曹雯.输电线路灾害机理研究进展[J].西安工程大学学报,2017,31(5):589-605.
[5]李庆峰,范峥,吴穹,等.全国输电线路覆冰情况调研及事故分析[J].电网技术,2008,32(9):33-36.
[6]内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司文件《关于印发研究解决500 k V武察Ⅰ、Ⅱ线,武旗Ⅰ、Ⅱ线覆冰问题专题会议纪要的通知》.
[7]张予.架空输电线路导线覆冰在线监测系统[J].高电压技术,2008,34(9):1992-1995.
[8]彭曙蓉,郝伟伟,陈立福.输电线路覆冰监测技术探讨[C]//中国高等学校电力系统及其自动化专业第30届学术年会. 2014.
[9]邵瑰玮,胡毅,王力农,等.输电线路覆冰监测系统应用现状及效果[J].电力设备,2008,9(6):13-15.
[10]方祖捷,秦关根,瞿荣辉.光纤传感器基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.
[11] B. LEE. Review of the present status of optical fiber sensors[J]. Optical Fiber Technology,2003,9(2):57-79.
[12]王立恒,林旭君,俞琳,等.基于光纤布拉格光栅的温度应变复合测量系统[J].纳米技术与精密工程,2017,15(5):412-418.
[13]潘尔生,郑路遥,姜国义,等.基于光纤光栅传感器的输电线路微气象在线监测系统[J].光电技术应用,2016,2:11-14.
[14] OGAWA Y, IWASAKI J, NAKAMURA K. A multiplexing load monitoring system of power transmission lines using fiber Bragg grating[C]//Optical Fiber Sensors,1997.
[15]马国明,全江涛,李成榕,等.输电线路覆冰荷载监测用光纤光栅称重传感器的设计[J].高电压技术,2010,36(9):2225-2230.
[16]张旭苹.全分布式光纤传感技术[M].北京:北京科学出版社,2013.
[17]李成宾,杨志,黄春林.光纤布里渊传感在输电线路覆冰监测中的应用[J].电力系统通信,2009,30(6):37-41.
[18]张旭苹,武剑灵,单媛媛,等.基于分布式光纤传感技术的智能电网输电线路在线监测[J].光电子技术,2017,37(4):221-229.
[19]罗健斌,郝艳捧,叶青,等. OPPC纤芯温度的分布式布里渊散射光纤传感技术[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(13):114-120.
[20]覃兆宇,刘卫新,潘哲哲,等.光纤布里渊分布式输电线路覆冰识别技术[J].光电工程,2016,43(10):6-11.
[21]涂洁,张俊双,范鹏.受拉力的OPGW内部光纤应力应变分析[J].陕西电力. 2015,43(2):68-71.
[22]刘涛,冯学斌,刘彬,等. OPGW光纤余长控制及寿命影响分析[J].电力信息与通信技术. 2017,9:8-12.
[23]何清,汪涛,金涛,等.输电线路覆冰监测技术[C].第二届全国架空输电线路技术交流研讨会.2009.
[24]张暕,何青.输电线路覆冰时导线表面形状对碰撞系数的影响[J].电工技术学报. 2016,31(13):209-217.
[25]左亚鹏,柴冰,史宏伟.浅谈输电线路覆冰故障处理技术[J].河南电力. 2010,38(1):1-5.
[26]苑吉河,蒋兴良,易辉,等.输电线路导线覆冰的国内外研究现状[J].高电压技术,2004,30(1):6-9.