矮壮素对油莎豆生理特性及内源激素含量变化的影响
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摘要
以油莎豆‘石研2号’(河南圆粒)为试材,在其结块茎前期,用不同浓度梯度依次为0(CK)、100、500、1 000、1 500、2 000mg·L~(-1)的矮壮素(CCC)进行喷施,测定油莎豆株高、叶片叶绿素含量、块茎的可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖含量及内源激素含量,以研究植物生长调节剂矮壮素(CCC)对油料作物油莎豆生理特性及内源激素变化的影响。结果表明:矮壮素(CCC)施用浓度为500~2 000mg·L~(-1)时,均能显著降低株高(P<0.05),并且可以提高油莎豆叶片叶绿素含量,以及块茎的可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖的含量,其中经2 000mg·L~(-1)的矮壮素处理后效果最佳,株高降低了34.39%,叶片叶绿素和可溶性糖含量显著提高(P<0.05),矮壮素(CCC)处理下油莎豆生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、玉米素(ZR)均低于对照,脱落酸(ABA)含量高于对照,矮壮素(CCC)浓度与赤霉素(GA3)、玉米素(ZR)含量呈负相关性,与脱落酸(ABA)含量呈正相关性;矮壮素(CCC)会抑制内源激素生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、玉米素(ZR)的合成,对脱落酸(ABA)有促进作用。综合分析表明,矮壮素(CCC)的浓度为2 000mg·L~(-1)时不仅可以使油莎豆抗倒伏,同时可以增强油莎豆的光合作用能力以及抗性。
In order to study plant growth regulator chlormequat chloride(CCC)on Lufthansa bean oil crop physiological characteristics and endogenous hormone changes,in the early stage of tuber growth of Cyperus esculentus,chlorocholine chloride(CCC)with the concentrations of 0(CK),100,500,1 000,1 500,2 000mg·L~(-1) were sprayed on the leaves one time respectively to test plant height and the contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar and endogenous hormones.The results showed that CCC with the concentration of 500-2 000mg·L~(-1) could decrease the plant height,improve the content of chlorophyll and soluble sugar.The effect of soil irrigation with 2 000mg·L~(-1) CCC was the best,the plant height decreased by 34.39%,the contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar significantly increased.The plant type and quality were improved.CCC treatment with different concentrations,reducing the IAA,GA3,and ZR contents in the leaves,compared with the control;ABA content was higher than the control.GA3 and ZR content was negatively correlated with the concentration of CCC,and ABA content was positively correlated with the concentration of CCC.And CCC inhibited endogenous hormone IAA,GA3,ZR synthesis,and promote the ABA synthesis.Comprehensive analysis obtained chlormequat(CCC)at a concentration of 2 000mg·L~(-1),not only could the oil Lufthansa bean lodging,but also enhancing oil Lufthansa bean photosynthetic capacity and resistance.
In order to study plant growth regulator chlormequat chloride(CCC)on Lufthansa bean oil crop physiological characteristics and endogenous hormone changes,in the early stage of tuber growth of Cyperus esculentus,chlorocholine chloride(CCC)with the concentrations of 0(CK),100,500,1 000,1 500,2 000mg·L~(-1) were sprayed on the leaves one time respectively to test plant height and the contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar and endogenous hormones.The results showed that CCC with the concentration of 500-2 000mg·L~(-1) could decrease the plant height,improve the content of chlorophyll and soluble sugar.The effect of soil irrigation with 2 000mg·L~(-1) CCC was the best,the plant height decreased by 34.39%,the contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar significantly increased.The plant type and quality were improved.CCC treatment with different concentrations,reducing the IAA,GA3,and ZR contents in the leaves,compared with the control;ABA content was higher than the control.GA3 and ZR content was negatively correlated with the concentration of CCC,and ABA content was positively correlated with the concentration of CCC.And CCC inhibited endogenous hormone IAA,GA3,ZR synthesis,and promote the ABA synthesis.Comprehensive analysis obtained chlormequat(CCC)at a concentration of 2 000mg·L~(-1),not only could the oil Lufthansa bean lodging,but also enhancing oil Lufthansa bean photosynthetic capacity and resistance.
引文
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[22]姜英,彭彦,李志辉,等.多效唑、烯效唑和矮壮素对金钱树的矮化效应[J].园艺学报,2010,37(5):1-6.
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[25]HUANG J,TANG D,SHEN Y,et al.Activation of gibberellin 2-oxidase 6decreases active gibberellin levels and creates a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype in rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J].J Genet Genomics,2010,37(1):23-36.
[26]TONG Z,HONG B,YANG Y J.Overexpression of two chrysanthemum DgDREBI group genes causing delayed flowering or dwarfism in Arabidopsis[J].Plant Mol Bio1,2009,71(1-2):115-129.
[27]WALNPLE R L,CULVER E B.The influence of PP333,a new growth regulator on sun flower[J].Amer Soc Hort Sci,1983,108(1):122-125.
[2]谢年保,黄明星,陈欣,等.油莎豆栽培技术及产业化开发[J].作物研究,2005(2):132-133.
[3]张勇.油料之王一油莎豆[J].特种经济动植物,2004(2):35.
[4]SNCHEZ-ZAPATA E,FERNANDEZ-LOPEZJOSE J,PEREZ-ALVAREZ A.Tiger nut(Cyperus esculentus)commercialization:Health aspects,composition,properties,and food applications[J].Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety,2012(11):366-377.
[5]北京世博威国际展览公司.2014第届国际高端健康食用油及橄榄油(上海)博览会[EB/OL].http://www.foodmate.net/exhibit/show-1515.html,2014.
[6]晏小欣,马泽鑫,欧阳位麒,等.新疆油莎豆油提取及不饱和脂肪酸组成分析[J].食品科技,2010,35(10):226-229.
[7]李国平,杨鹭升,朱智飞,等.油莎豆油制备生物柴油的研究[J].中国油脂,2012,37(3):59-62.
[8]陈石.利用油莎豆制备可再生能源的研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2008.
[9]杨秀荣,刘亦予,刘水芳,等.植物生长调节剂及其研究应用[J].天津农业科学,2007,13(1):23-25.
[10]李合生.现代植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002:274-275.
[11]李玲,潘瑞炽.CCC提高花生幼苗抗早性的研究[J].植物学报(英文版),1991,33(1):55-60.
[12]柴晶,于英梅,纪文.不同浓度矮壮素对小拱棚马铃薯的影响[J].吉林蔬菜,2008(6):71-73.
[13]赵广才.矮壮素对小麦生长发育阶段植株性状及产量影响的研究[J].莱阳农学院学报,1992(2):86-92.
[14]MOCKAITIS K,ESTELLE M.Auxin receptors and plant development:a new signaling paradigm[J].Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol,2008(24):55-80.
[15]白宝章,于漱畸,田文勋,等.植物生理学下:实验教程[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1984.
[16]刘春燕.多效唑对绿篱植物大叶黄杨的矮化效果及经济效益分析[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(15):6964-6965.
[17]张秀丽.赤霉素和矮壮素对绿豆生育性状和生理指标及产量的影响研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2007.
[18]吴银明,王平,刘洪升,等.NaCl分根胁迫对羊草幼苗生长及其生理生化特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2007,27(9):1807-1813.
[19]张赛娜,马旭军,李科文,等.补血草愈伤组织中渗透调节物质对NaCl胁迫的响应[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(7):1343-1348.
[20]杨炜茹.矮壮素对地榆生长发育的影响及生理机制研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2006.
[21]刘晓培,张饮江,李岩.矮壮素对苦草矮化特征及生理指标的影响[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(20):2561-2567.
[22]姜英,彭彦,李志辉,等.多效唑、烯效唑和矮壮素对金钱树的矮化效应[J].园艺学报,2010,37(5):1-6.
[23]GROSSMANN K.Auxin herbicide action:lifting the veil step by step[J].Plant Signal Behav,2007(2):420-422.
[24]ZHU S F,GAO F,CAO X S,et al.The rice dwarf virus P2protein interacts with ent-kaurene oxidase in vivo,leading to reduced biosynthesis of gibberelins and rice dwarf aymptons[J].Plant Physiol,2005,139(4):1935-1945.
[25]HUANG J,TANG D,SHEN Y,et al.Activation of gibberellin 2-oxidase 6decreases active gibberellin levels and creates a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype in rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J].J Genet Genomics,2010,37(1):23-36.
[26]TONG Z,HONG B,YANG Y J.Overexpression of two chrysanthemum DgDREBI group genes causing delayed flowering or dwarfism in Arabidopsis[J].Plant Mol Bio1,2009,71(1-2):115-129.
[27]WALNPLE R L,CULVER E B.The influence of PP333,a new growth regulator on sun flower[J].Amer Soc Hort Sci,1983,108(1):122-125.