采空区压实应力调整阶段底板卸压演化规律研究
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摘要
为获取压实应力调整阶段底板卸压值动态演化规律,将顶板垮落岩层移动变形范围视为半椭圆形,构建了垮落范围演化与压实应力演化的相互关系,建立了考虑压实应力演化的底板卸压值分布状态的弹性力学计算模型。采用该计算模型分析了采空区中部不同垂深测点随工作面推进的卸压值变化规律及主要影响参数,并结合卸压值分析了开采不同阶段的底板破坏特征。研究结果表明:采空区范围压实应力调整阶段底板各层位卸压值处于动态调整中,调整过程中底板各层位卸压值先增加后减小,各层位在初采阶段达到最大卸压值,且该卸压值大于压实应力稳定阶段的最大卸压值。在进行底板破坏深度评价时应考虑岩层垮落动态调整的全过程,分析整个过程中底板各层位能够达到的最大卸压值。
In order to obtain the dynamic evolution characteristics of floor pressure relief during adjustment stage of compaction stress, in this study, the roof movement and deformation range is regarded as a semiellipse. The relationship between caving area evolution and compacted floor stress changes was established. Meanwhile, an elastic mechanics calculation model for floor pressure-relief distribution was established based on goaf stress evolution. Based on above calculation model, the distribution rule and main influencing parameters of pressure drop in different depths of gob area along the working face were analyzed. The floor failure characteristics at different mining stages were analyzed considering the pressure relief. Results show that the floor pressure-relief value dynamically adjusts at the adjustment stage of compaction stress in goaf area. In the adjustment process, pressure-relief change at each layer increases first then decreases. The maximum unloading pressure at each level occurs at the initial mining stage. The pressure relief value is greater than the maximum pressure relief value during stable compaction stress stage. In the evaluation of floor failure depth, the whole process of rock strata collapse should be taken into account, as well as the maximum floor pressure-relief value in the whole process.
In order to obtain the dynamic evolution characteristics of floor pressure relief during adjustment stage of compaction stress, in this study, the roof movement and deformation range is regarded as a semiellipse. The relationship between caving area evolution and compacted floor stress changes was established. Meanwhile, an elastic mechanics calculation model for floor pressure-relief distribution was established based on goaf stress evolution. Based on above calculation model, the distribution rule and main influencing parameters of pressure drop in different depths of gob area along the working face were analyzed. The floor failure characteristics at different mining stages were analyzed considering the pressure relief. Results show that the floor pressure-relief value dynamically adjusts at the adjustment stage of compaction stress in goaf area. In the adjustment process, pressure-relief change at each layer increases first then decreases. The maximum unloading pressure at each level occurs at the initial mining stage. The pressure relief value is greater than the maximum pressure relief value during stable compaction stress stage. In the evaluation of floor failure depth, the whole process of rock strata collapse should be taken into account, as well as the maximum floor pressure-relief value in the whole process.
引文
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[12]柴敬,袁强,张丁丁,等.基于光纤Bragg光栅的采动支承压力分布试验研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2016,36(2):163-170.CHAI Jing,YUAN Qiang,ZHANG Dingding,et al.Experimental study on mining-induced abutment pressure distribution pattern based on FBG sensor[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2016,36(2):163-170.
[13]张文泉.矿井底板突水灾害的动态机理及综合判测和预报软件开发研究[D].泰安:山东科技大学,2004:17-18.
[14]姜福兴,马其华.深部长壁工作面动态支承压力极值点的求解[J].煤炭学报,2002,27(3):273-275.JIANG Fuxing,MA Qihua.Mechanical solution of the maximum point of dynamic abutment pressure under deep long-wall working face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2002,27(3):273-275.
[15]宋振骐,卢国志,夏洪春.一种计算采场支承压力分布的新算法[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,25(1):1-4.SONG Zhenqi,LU Guozhi,XIA Hongchun.A new algorithm for calculating the distribution of face abutment pressure[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2006,25(1):1-4.
[16]刘金海,姜福兴,朱斯陶.长壁采场动、静支承压力演化规律及应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(9):1815-1827.LIU Jinhai,JIANG Fuxing,ZHU Sitao.Study of dynamic and static abutment pressure around longwall face and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(9):1815-1827.
[17]于小鸽.采场损伤底板破坏深度研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2011.
[18]张风达.深部煤层底板变形破坏机理及突水评价方法研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016.
[2]吴仁伦.煤层群开采瓦斯卸压抽采“三带”范围的理论研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011:25-28.
[3]王伟,程远平,袁亮,等.深部近距离上保护层底板裂隙演化及卸压瓦斯抽采时效性[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(1):138-148.WANG Wei,CHENG Yuanping,YUAN Liang,et al.Floor fracture evolution and relief gas drainage timeliness in deeper underground short-distance upper protective coal seam extraction[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(1):138-148.
[4]季文博,齐庆新,李宏艳,等.近距离被保护卸压煤体透气性变化规律实测研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(4):830-835.JI Wenbo,QI Qingxin,LI Hongyan,et al.Research on permeability characteristics of depressured protective layer in close-distance seam group[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(4):830-835.
[5]齐庆新,季文博,元继宏,等.底板贯穿型裂隙现场实测及其对瓦斯抽采的影响[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1552-1558.QIN Qingxin,JI Wenbo,YUAN Jihong,et al.In-situ observation on the floor connected crack field and its effects on methane extraction[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(8):1552-1558.
[6]王连国,韩猛,王占盛,等.采场底板应力分布与破坏规律研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(3):317-322.WANG Lianguo,HAN Meng,WANG Zhansheng,et al.Stress distribution and damage law of mining floor[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(3):317-322.
[7]彭维红,董正筑,李顺才.半平面体弹性问题的边界积分公式及应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2005,34(3):400-404.PENG Weihong,DONG Zhengzhu,LI Shuncai.Boundary integral formula of semi-plane elasticity problem and its application[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2005,34(3):400-404.
[8]张华磊,王连国.采动底板附加应力计算及其应用研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(2):288-293.ZHANG Hualei,WANG Lianguo.Computation of mining induced floor additional stress and its application[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2011,28(2):288-293.
[9]朱术云,姜振泉,姚普,等.采场底板岩层应力的解析法计算及应用[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2007,24(2):191-195.ZHU Shuyun,JIANG Zhenquan,YAO Pu,et al.Application of analytic method in calculating floor stress of a working face[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2007,24(2):191-195.
[10]郭文兵,刘明举,李化敏,等.多煤层开采采场围岩内部应力光弹力学模拟研究[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(1):8-12.GUO Wenbing,LIU Mingju,LI Huamin,et al.The optics-elastic simulation study on the stress of the surrounding rock of the coal face in multi-coal seam mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2001,26(1):8-12.
[11]柴敬,袁强,王帅,等.长壁工作面覆岩采动“横三区”光纤光栅检测与表征[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(6):971-976.CHAI Jing,YUAN Qiang,WANG Shuai,et al.Detection and representation of mining induced three horizontal zones based on fiber bragg grating sensing technology[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2015,44(6):971-976.
[12]柴敬,袁强,张丁丁,等.基于光纤Bragg光栅的采动支承压力分布试验研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2016,36(2):163-170.CHAI Jing,YUAN Qiang,ZHANG Dingding,et al.Experimental study on mining-induced abutment pressure distribution pattern based on FBG sensor[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2016,36(2):163-170.
[13]张文泉.矿井底板突水灾害的动态机理及综合判测和预报软件开发研究[D].泰安:山东科技大学,2004:17-18.
[14]姜福兴,马其华.深部长壁工作面动态支承压力极值点的求解[J].煤炭学报,2002,27(3):273-275.JIANG Fuxing,MA Qihua.Mechanical solution of the maximum point of dynamic abutment pressure under deep long-wall working face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2002,27(3):273-275.
[15]宋振骐,卢国志,夏洪春.一种计算采场支承压力分布的新算法[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,25(1):1-4.SONG Zhenqi,LU Guozhi,XIA Hongchun.A new algorithm for calculating the distribution of face abutment pressure[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science),2006,25(1):1-4.
[16]刘金海,姜福兴,朱斯陶.长壁采场动、静支承压力演化规律及应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(9):1815-1827.LIU Jinhai,JIANG Fuxing,ZHU Sitao.Study of dynamic and static abutment pressure around longwall face and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(9):1815-1827.
[17]于小鸽.采场损伤底板破坏深度研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2011.
[18]张风达.深部煤层底板变形破坏机理及突水评价方法研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016.