塔河油田缝洞型油藏气驱动用储量计算方法
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摘要
塔河油田缝洞型油藏储集空间类型多样、尺度差异大、呈非连续性分布,不同与常规砂岩层状油藏,属典型的块状油藏。塔河油田缝洞型油藏现场注气增油效果显著,针对塔河缝洞型块状非均质油藏特点,提出了缝洞型油藏井组气驱动用储量的定义及计算方法。基于PDA生产数据分析法,通过流量重整压力和物质平衡时间曲线的拟合,建立了井组总动用储量的计算方法。针对塔河风化壳、暗河和断溶体3类岩溶背景,提出了基于形状因子修正系数的平面波及系数计算方法和基于地震能量体属性缝洞体三维分布的纵向动用程度计算方法。基于井组总动用储量、注气前的累产油量、平面波及系数、不规则井网形状因子修正系数及纵向动用程度,建立了不同岩溶背景下不同井网井组气驱动用储量的计算方法。该计算方法已应用于塔河注气现场,为气驱井组的优选和已气驱井组的气驱井组动用储量的评价及注气潜力分析奠定了基础。
The reservoir space in the fractured-vuggy reservoirs of Tahe Oilfield is diverse in type and size,and spatially discontinuous,typical features for massive oil pools,and different from that of conventional laminar sandstone reservoirs.The gas injection measure for oil recovery enhancement is remarkable in Tahe oilfield. To characterize the massive reservoirs featuring numerous fractures,cavities and other features of heterogeneity in the Tahe oilfield,we proposed an categorization and calculation method of developed reserves through gas drive. Based on PDA production data analysis,the calculation method for total developed reserves of a well group is established by fitting flow reforming pressure and material balance time curves. For weathering crust,underground river,and fault karst,the calculation method of areal sweep efficiency is presented based on the form factor correction coefficient,and calculation method for the vertical drainage efficiency is also proposed based on the 3 D distribution of fractured-vuggy reservoirs revealed by seismic cube energy attribute. In addition,based on the total developed reserves for a well group,cumulative production before gas flooding,areal sweep efficiency,form factor correction coefficient for irregular well patterns,and vertical drainage efficiency of reserves,the calculation method for gas drive developed reserves of well groups with various well patterns under different karst settings is established. This method has been applied to the Tahe oilfield for in-situ gas injection case studies,which has laid a solid foundation for the optimization of gas drive well group patterns,the calculation of developed reserves in gas drive well groups,and potential EOR analysis of gas injection.
The reservoir space in the fractured-vuggy reservoirs of Tahe Oilfield is diverse in type and size,and spatially discontinuous,typical features for massive oil pools,and different from that of conventional laminar sandstone reservoirs.The gas injection measure for oil recovery enhancement is remarkable in Tahe oilfield. To characterize the massive reservoirs featuring numerous fractures,cavities and other features of heterogeneity in the Tahe oilfield,we proposed an categorization and calculation method of developed reserves through gas drive. Based on PDA production data analysis,the calculation method for total developed reserves of a well group is established by fitting flow reforming pressure and material balance time curves. For weathering crust,underground river,and fault karst,the calculation method of areal sweep efficiency is presented based on the form factor correction coefficient,and calculation method for the vertical drainage efficiency is also proposed based on the 3 D distribution of fractured-vuggy reservoirs revealed by seismic cube energy attribute. In addition,based on the total developed reserves for a well group,cumulative production before gas flooding,areal sweep efficiency,form factor correction coefficient for irregular well patterns,and vertical drainage efficiency of reserves,the calculation method for gas drive developed reserves of well groups with various well patterns under different karst settings is established. This method has been applied to the Tahe oilfield for in-situ gas injection case studies,which has laid a solid foundation for the optimization of gas drive well group patterns,the calculation of developed reserves in gas drive well groups,and potential EOR analysis of gas injection.
引文
[1]李阳.塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏开发理论与方法[J].石油学报,2013,34(1):115-121.Li Yang. The theory and method for development of carbonate fractured-cavity reservoirs in Tahe oilfield[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(1):115-121.
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[7]张希明,杨坚,杨秋来等.塔河缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏描述及储量评价技术[J].石油学报,2004,32(4):625-630.Zhang Ximing,Yang Jian,Yang Qiulai,et al. Reservoir description and reserves estimation technique for fracture-cave type carbonate reservoir in Tahe Oilfield.[J]. Acta Petroliei Sinica,2004,32(4):625-630.
[8] SY/T 6366,油田开发主要生产技术指标及计算方法[S].SY/T 6366. Main production technical index and calculation method of oilfield development[S].
[9]张锐.油田注水开发效果评价方法[M].石油工业出版社,2010,101-103.Zhang Rui. Oilfield waterflood development effect evaluation method[M]. Petroleum Industry Press,2010,101-103.
[10]朱桂良,刘中春,康志江.缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏大尺度试井新方法[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(13):172-175.Zhu Guiliang,Liu zhongchun,Kang Zhijiang. The new method of large scale well test in fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(13):172-175.
[11] Fetkovich M J. Decline curve analysis using type curves[J]. JPT,1980,32(6):1065-1077.
[12] Blasingame,Lee W J. Variable-rate reservoir limits testing[R].SPE15028,1986.
[13] Blasingame T A,Johnston J L,Lee W J. Type curve analysis using the pressure integral method[R]. SPE 18799,1989.
[14] Blasingame,T A,Mc Cray,etc. Decline curve analysis for variable pressure drop/variable flowrate systems[J]. SPE21513,1991.
[15]姜汉桥,姚军,姜瑞忠.油藏工程原理与方法[M].中国石油大学出版社,2006,29-35.Jiang Hanqiao,Yao Jun,Jiang Ruizhong. Principles and methods of reservoir engineering[M]. China University of Petroleum Press,2006,29-35.
[2]金强,田飞.塔河油田岩溶型碳酸盐岩缝洞结构研究[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,37(5):15-21.Jin Qiang,Tian Fei. Investigation of fracture-cave constructions of Karstedcarbonate reservoirs of Ordovician in Tahe Oilfield,Tarim Basin[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum,2013,37(5):15-21.
[3]鲁新便,蔡忠贤.缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏古溶洞系统及油气开发——以塔河碳酸盐岩溶洞型油藏为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(1:)22-27.Lu Xinbian,Cai Zhongxian. A study of the paleo-cavern system in fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs and oil/gas development-taking the reservoirs in Tahe oilfield as an example[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(1:)22-27.
[4]惠健,刘学利,汪洋,等.塔河油田缝洞型油藏单井注氮气采油机理及实践[J].新疆石油地质,2015,36(1):75-77.Hui Jian,Liu Xueli,Wang Yang,et al. Mechanism and practice and nitrogen injection for EOR in Fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir in Tahe oilfield,Tarim Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2015,36(1):75-77.
[5]黄江涛,周洪涛,张莹,等.塔河油田单井注氮气采油技术现场应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(3):103-105.Huang Jiangtao,Zhou Hongtao,Zhang Ying,et al. Field application of oil recovery technique by nitrogen injection in single-well in Tahe oilfield[J]. Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2015,37(3):103-105.
[6]杨敏,靳佩.塔河油田奥陶系缝洞型油藏储层分类评价技术[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,25(1):14-18.Yang Min,Jin Pei. Reserve classification and evaluation of the Ordovician fractured-vuggy reservoirs in Tahe oilfield[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2011,25(1):14-18.
[7]张希明,杨坚,杨秋来等.塔河缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏描述及储量评价技术[J].石油学报,2004,32(4):625-630.Zhang Ximing,Yang Jian,Yang Qiulai,et al. Reservoir description and reserves estimation technique for fracture-cave type carbonate reservoir in Tahe Oilfield.[J]. Acta Petroliei Sinica,2004,32(4):625-630.
[8] SY/T 6366,油田开发主要生产技术指标及计算方法[S].SY/T 6366. Main production technical index and calculation method of oilfield development[S].
[9]张锐.油田注水开发效果评价方法[M].石油工业出版社,2010,101-103.Zhang Rui. Oilfield waterflood development effect evaluation method[M]. Petroleum Industry Press,2010,101-103.
[10]朱桂良,刘中春,康志江.缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏大尺度试井新方法[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(13):172-175.Zhu Guiliang,Liu zhongchun,Kang Zhijiang. The new method of large scale well test in fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs[J]. Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(13):172-175.
[11] Fetkovich M J. Decline curve analysis using type curves[J]. JPT,1980,32(6):1065-1077.
[12] Blasingame,Lee W J. Variable-rate reservoir limits testing[R].SPE15028,1986.
[13] Blasingame T A,Johnston J L,Lee W J. Type curve analysis using the pressure integral method[R]. SPE 18799,1989.
[14] Blasingame,T A,Mc Cray,etc. Decline curve analysis for variable pressure drop/variable flowrate systems[J]. SPE21513,1991.
[15]姜汉桥,姚军,姜瑞忠.油藏工程原理与方法[M].中国石油大学出版社,2006,29-35.Jiang Hanqiao,Yao Jun,Jiang Ruizhong. Principles and methods of reservoir engineering[M]. China University of Petroleum Press,2006,29-35.