基于主成分分析的红枫湖水质分析评价
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摘要
利用主成分分析对2015年红枫湖水质及营养状态进行分析评价,结果表明:影响红枫湖水质营养状态的主控因子为化学需氧量、高锰酸盐指数、透明度、水温和叶绿素a(Chla),主要是水生生物(主要是藻类)和有机物共同作用的结果,有机物主要来源为红枫湖周边生活污染、农业面源污染以及工业污染;红枫湖水质四季变化明显,2015年度第一季度和第二季度水质好于第三季度和第四季度水质,第三季度水质最差,第一季度水质最好;严格控制红枫湖入湖河流水质,减少氮磷营养盐及有机物的入库量,减少湖库周边农业污染和生活污染的面源污染,可使红枫湖水质更好。
The water quality and nutritional status of Hongfeng Lake in 2015 were analyzed and evaluated using principal component analysis.The results showed that the main controlling factors affecting the nutritional status of Hongfeng Lake were chemical oxygen demand,permanganate index,transparency,water temperature,and chlorophyll-a.(Chla),this is mainly the consequence of the joint action of aquatic organisms(mainly algae) and organic matter.The main source of organic matter is domestic pollution,agricultural non-point source pollution,and industrial pollution around Lake Hongfeng;the water quality of Hongfeng Lake has changed significantly during the four seasons.The water quality in the first and second quarters was better than that in the third and fourth quarters.The water quality in the third quarter was the worst,and the water quality in the first quarter was the best;strictly controlling the water quality of the lakes flowing into Lake Hongfeng,to reduce input of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and organic matter,to reduce the amount of non-point agricultural pollution and domestic pollution around the lake can make the water quality of Hongfeng Lake better.
The water quality and nutritional status of Hongfeng Lake in 2015 were analyzed and evaluated using principal component analysis.The results showed that the main controlling factors affecting the nutritional status of Hongfeng Lake were chemical oxygen demand,permanganate index,transparency,water temperature,and chlorophyll-a.(Chla),this is mainly the consequence of the joint action of aquatic organisms(mainly algae) and organic matter.The main source of organic matter is domestic pollution,agricultural non-point source pollution,and industrial pollution around Lake Hongfeng;the water quality of Hongfeng Lake has changed significantly during the four seasons.The water quality in the first and second quarters was better than that in the third and fourth quarters.The water quality in the third quarter was the worst,and the water quality in the first quarter was the best;strictly controlling the water quality of the lakes flowing into Lake Hongfeng,to reduce input of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and organic matter,to reduce the amount of non-point agricultural pollution and domestic pollution around the lake can make the water quality of Hongfeng Lake better.
引文
[1]刘总堂,李春海,章钢娅.运用主成分分析法研究云南湖库水体中重金属分布[J].环境科学研究,2010,23(4):459-466.
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[6]周林飞,谢立群,周林林,等.灰色聚类法在湿地水体富营养化评价中应用[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2005,36(5):594-598.
[7]崔东文.几种神经网络模型在湖库富营养化程度评价中的应用[J].水资源保护,2012,28(6):12-18.
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[9]李娜.基于主成分分析法的延河水质评价及预测[J].人民珠江,2014,35(3):105-108.
[10]王晓鹏.河流水质综合评价之主成分分析方法[J].数理统计与管理,2001,20(4):49-52.
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[12]朱青,陈正刚,陈欣,等.数理统计分析在土壤养分评价中的应用[J].西南农业学报,2006,19(5):847-852.
[13]朱元荣,张润宇,吴丰昌,等.贵州红枫湖沉积物生物可利用磷分布特征及其与粒径的关系[J].湖泊科学,2010,22(4):513-520.
[14]王叁,龙胜兴,李荔,等.红枫湖水库叶绿素a分布特征与相关因子研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(2):895-897.
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[16]叶双峰.关于主成分分析做综合评价的改进[J].数理统计与管理,2001,20(2):52-55.
[17]田晓兰,柳金甫.用主成分分析法作综合评价时数据的预处理问题[J].科学技术与工程,2007,7(5):678-681.
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[19]杜乔乔,颜坤.基于PCA的于桥水库富营养化因子分析[J].水资源与水工程学报,2013,24(2):212-214.
[20]蔡庆空,蒋金豹,崔希民,等.环境因子对土壤水分空间异质性的影响:以北京市怀柔区为例[J].山地学报,2013,31(3):294-299.
[21]彭祥捷,黄继国,赵勇胜,等.长春南湖营养盐与叶绿素a的分布与富营养化评价[J].环境污染与防治,2010,32(9):50-54.
[22]余进祥,刘娅菲,钟晓兰,等.鄱阳湖水体富营养化评价方法及主导因子研究[J].江西农业学报,2009,21(4):125-128.
[23]许秋瑾,朱延忠,郑丙辉,等.我国东部与云贵湖区富营养化控制标准对比研究[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(12):2046-2051.
[24]李晓铃,李爱农,刘国祥,等.云贵高原区湖泊空间分布格局[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(S1):90-96.
[25]曲丽梅,姚德,丛丕福.辽东湾氮磷营养盐变化特征及潜在性富营养评价[J].环境科学,2006,27(2):263-267.
[26]刘洪波,朱梦羚,高赛赛.南方某水源水库富营养化水质主控因子识别与评价研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2013,24(4):49-53.
[27]杨冲,胡翔,李安峰,等.龙形水系中心区水体富营养化评价与成因分析[J].环境污染与防治,2012,34(11):50-54.
[28]阴晓路,许昌敏,张梦娇,等.贵州红枫湖大冲小流域农业面源污染负荷特征研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(3)349-354.
[2]舒金华.我国湖泊富营养化程度评价方法的探讨[J].环境污染与防治,1990,12(5):2-7.
[3]李祚泳,邓新民,张辉军.模糊数运算法用于湖泊营养类别评判[J].重庆环境科学,1990,12(5):28-32.
[4]王旭晨,王丽卿,彭自然.灰色聚类法评价淀山湖水质状况[J].上海水产大学学报,2006,15(4):497-502.
[5]许文杰,陈为国.应用灰色聚类法评价湖泊水体富营养化[J].山东建筑大学学报,2007,22(1):49-51.
[6]周林飞,谢立群,周林林,等.灰色聚类法在湿地水体富营养化评价中应用[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2005,36(5):594-598.
[7]崔东文.几种神经网络模型在湖库富营养化程度评价中的应用[J].水资源保护,2012,28(6):12-18.
[8]伊元荣,海米提·依米提,王涛,等.主成分分析法在城市河流水质评价中的应用[J].干旱区研究,2008,25(4):497-501.
[9]李娜.基于主成分分析法的延河水质评价及预测[J].人民珠江,2014,35(3):105-108.
[10]王晓鹏.河流水质综合评价之主成分分析方法[J].数理统计与管理,2001,20(4):49-52.
[11]刘德林,刘贤赵.主成分分析在河流水质综合评价中的应用[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(3):124-125.
[12]朱青,陈正刚,陈欣,等.数理统计分析在土壤养分评价中的应用[J].西南农业学报,2006,19(5):847-852.
[13]朱元荣,张润宇,吴丰昌,等.贵州红枫湖沉积物生物可利用磷分布特征及其与粒径的关系[J].湖泊科学,2010,22(4):513-520.
[14]王叁,龙胜兴,李荔,等.红枫湖水库叶绿素a分布特征与相关因子研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(2):895-897.
[15]黄凯丰,罗朝梦.红枫湖水库的污染现状及治理对策[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(9):5362-5363.
[16]叶双峰.关于主成分分析做综合评价的改进[J].数理统计与管理,2001,20(2):52-55.
[17]田晓兰,柳金甫.用主成分分析法作综合评价时数据的预处理问题[J].科学技术与工程,2007,7(5):678-681.
[18]李静萍,谢邦昌.多元统计分析[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2008.
[19]杜乔乔,颜坤.基于PCA的于桥水库富营养化因子分析[J].水资源与水工程学报,2013,24(2):212-214.
[20]蔡庆空,蒋金豹,崔希民,等.环境因子对土壤水分空间异质性的影响:以北京市怀柔区为例[J].山地学报,2013,31(3):294-299.
[21]彭祥捷,黄继国,赵勇胜,等.长春南湖营养盐与叶绿素a的分布与富营养化评价[J].环境污染与防治,2010,32(9):50-54.
[22]余进祥,刘娅菲,钟晓兰,等.鄱阳湖水体富营养化评价方法及主导因子研究[J].江西农业学报,2009,21(4):125-128.
[23]许秋瑾,朱延忠,郑丙辉,等.我国东部与云贵湖区富营养化控制标准对比研究[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(12):2046-2051.
[24]李晓铃,李爱农,刘国祥,等.云贵高原区湖泊空间分布格局[J].长江流域资源与环境,2010,19(S1):90-96.
[25]曲丽梅,姚德,丛丕福.辽东湾氮磷营养盐变化特征及潜在性富营养评价[J].环境科学,2006,27(2):263-267.
[26]刘洪波,朱梦羚,高赛赛.南方某水源水库富营养化水质主控因子识别与评价研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2013,24(4):49-53.
[27]杨冲,胡翔,李安峰,等.龙形水系中心区水体富营养化评价与成因分析[J].环境污染与防治,2012,34(11):50-54.
[28]阴晓路,许昌敏,张梦娇,等.贵州红枫湖大冲小流域农业面源污染负荷特征研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(3)349-354.