纤维缠绕大容积气瓶火烧试验及数值仿真
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摘要
为研究火灾环境下纤维缠绕大容积气瓶安全性能,开展气瓶火烧试验,并利用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法对气瓶火烧试验过程进行数值仿真,分析燃烧温度分布、气瓶外壁热流密度分布及瓶内气体压升、温升变化。对比分析试验和仿真结果,发现正对火焰的气瓶瓶体底部热流密度高,且易导致局部失效,气瓶内气体温度分布不均匀;模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好,说明用数值仿真技术可得到较准确的气瓶等压力容器火烧试验过程中容器内流体的热响应特征。
To investigate the safety performance of a gas cylinder under fire,fire tests were carried out.And the pressure rise process of the gas cylinder during the fire test was simulated using CFD method.Finally,the law of gas pressure rise and temperature rise inside the cylinders were analyzed as well as the distribution of combustion simulation temperature and heat flux on the outer wall of gas cylinders. By comparing and analyzing the experimental and simulation results,it is found that the heat flux at the bottom of the cylinder with opposite flame is high and easy to cause local failure,that the temperature distribution in the cylinder is not uniform,and that the simulation results conform closely with the experimental data and relative error is within 10%,which means the numerical simulation technology can be used to obtain the accurate thermal response characteristics of the gas cylinder and other pressure vessels in the fire.
To investigate the safety performance of a gas cylinder under fire,fire tests were carried out.And the pressure rise process of the gas cylinder during the fire test was simulated using CFD method.Finally,the law of gas pressure rise and temperature rise inside the cylinders were analyzed as well as the distribution of combustion simulation temperature and heat flux on the outer wall of gas cylinders. By comparing and analyzing the experimental and simulation results,it is found that the heat flux at the bottom of the cylinder with opposite flame is high and easy to cause local failure,that the temperature distribution in the cylinder is not uniform,and that the simulation results conform closely with the experimental data and relative error is within 10%,which means the numerical simulation technology can be used to obtain the accurate thermal response characteristics of the gas cylinder and other pressure vessels in the fire.
引文
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[14]陈文江,陈国华.基于虚拟现实技术的喷射火事故三维动态仿真及应用[J].中国安全科学学报,2009,19(3):32-38.CHEN Wenjiang,CHEN Guohua.The three-dimensional dynamic simulation of jet fire based on virtual reality technology and its application[J].China Safety Science Journal,2009,19(3):32-38.
[15]陈国华,周志航,黄庭枫.FLUENT软件预测大尺寸喷射火特性的实用性[J].天然气工业,2014,34(8):134-140.CHEN Guohua,ZHOU Zhihang,HUANG Tingfeng.A validation study of the fire dynamics simulator fluent for modeling large-scale impinging gas jet fire[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(8):134-140.
[16]崔岳峰,林兴华,李德顺.风况对露天油池燃烧特性的数值模拟[J].沈阳理工大学学报,2015,34(3):61-66.CUI Yuefeng,LIN Xinghua,LI Deshun.Numerical simulation for the influence of wind conditions on the burning characteristics of open-air pool[J].Journal of Shenyang Ligong University,2015,34(3):61-66.
[17]张媛媛,黄有波,吕淑然.矩形泄漏孔水平喷射火热辐射研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2017,27(6):73-78.ZHANG Yuanyuan,HUANG Youbo,LYU Shuran.Study on thermal radiation of horizontally oriented rectangular source fuel jet fire[J].China Safety Science Journal,2017,27(6):73-78.
[2]邢志祥,常建国,蒋军成.液化石油气储罐对火灾热响应的CFD模拟[J].天然气工业,2005,25(5):115-117.XING Zhixiang,CHANG Jianguo,JIANG Juncheng.CFD simulation of LPG tanks thermally responding to fire[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(5):115-117.
[3]尹晔东,王运东,费维扬.计算流体力学(CFD)在化学工程中的应用[J].石化技术,2000,7(3):166-169.YIN Yedong,WANG Yundong,FEI Weiyang.Computational fluid dynamics for chemical engineering[J].Petrochemical Industry Technology,2000,7(3):166-169.
[4]CHENTHIL K K,ANIL K R,TRIPATHI A.A unified 3D CFD model for jet and pool fire[C].Proceedings of Institution of Chemical Engineers Symposium Series,2015:10-15.
[5]PETERSON E,SHETH C,NODLAND S.Jet fire protection-where risk based CFD analysis pays off[C].Proceedings of2011 AICh E Spring Meeting and 7thGlobal Congress on Process Safety,2011:334-341.
[6]TAMURA Y,KAKIHARA K,LIJIMA T.Survey of the bonfire testing method of the high pressure hydrogen gas cylinders(Phase I):a comparison of the testing 1abs results of the bonfire tests[J].JARI Research Journal,2004,26(6):299-302.
[7]TAMURA Y,SUZUKI J,WATANABO S.Survey of the bonfire testing method using high-pressure hydrogen gas cylinders(Phase II):effect of flame scales and fuels for fire source[J].JARI Research Journal,2005,27(7):331-334.
[8]TAMURA Y,SUZUKI J,WATANABE S.Experimental and simulation study on bonfire test for automotive hydrogen gas cylinders[J].Transaction of Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan,2005,36(6):39-44.
[9]郑津洋,别海燕,陈虹港,等.纤维缠绕高压氢气瓶火烧温升试验及数值研究[J].太阳能学报,2009,30(7):1 000-1 006.ZHENG Jinyang,BIE Haiyan,CHEN honggang,et al.Experimental and simulation study on bonfire test of high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2009,30(7):1 000-1 006.
[10]刘岩,胡军,郑津洋,等.车用高压氢燃料气瓶火烧试验及数值仿真[J].太阳能学报,2013,32(4):589-593.LIU Yan,HU Jun,ZHENG Jinyang,et al.Bonfire test and numerical simulation of high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders for vessels[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2011,32(4):589-593.
[11]周国发,李红英.气瓶火烧试验的热及力学响应数值模拟研究[J].工业安全与环保,2013,39(1):1-3,68.ZHOU Guofa,LI Hongying.Numerical studies on the thermal and mechanical responses of gas cylinders bonfire test[J].Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection,2013,39(1):1-3,68.
[12]周国发,李红英.意外火灾下钢制氢气瓶的热响应数值模拟[J].南昌大学学报:工科版,2012,34(1):14-18,31.ZHOU Guofa,LI Hongying.Numerical simulation of thermal response on steel-made hydrogen storage vessels exposed to accidental fire loading[J].Journal of Nanchang University:Engineering&Technology,2012,34(1):14-18,31.
[13]古晋斌,惠虎,王骞,等.基于极限载荷法的火灾环境下长管拖车气瓶安全性评估[J].工业安全与环保,2018,44(2):42-45.GU Jinbin,HUI Hu,WANG Qian,et al.Safe assessment for long tube trailer cylinders exposed to fire environment based to limited load method[J].Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection,2018,44(2):42-45.
[14]陈文江,陈国华.基于虚拟现实技术的喷射火事故三维动态仿真及应用[J].中国安全科学学报,2009,19(3):32-38.CHEN Wenjiang,CHEN Guohua.The three-dimensional dynamic simulation of jet fire based on virtual reality technology and its application[J].China Safety Science Journal,2009,19(3):32-38.
[15]陈国华,周志航,黄庭枫.FLUENT软件预测大尺寸喷射火特性的实用性[J].天然气工业,2014,34(8):134-140.CHEN Guohua,ZHOU Zhihang,HUANG Tingfeng.A validation study of the fire dynamics simulator fluent for modeling large-scale impinging gas jet fire[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(8):134-140.
[16]崔岳峰,林兴华,李德顺.风况对露天油池燃烧特性的数值模拟[J].沈阳理工大学学报,2015,34(3):61-66.CUI Yuefeng,LIN Xinghua,LI Deshun.Numerical simulation for the influence of wind conditions on the burning characteristics of open-air pool[J].Journal of Shenyang Ligong University,2015,34(3):61-66.
[17]张媛媛,黄有波,吕淑然.矩形泄漏孔水平喷射火热辐射研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2017,27(6):73-78.ZHANG Yuanyuan,HUANG Youbo,LYU Shuran.Study on thermal radiation of horizontally oriented rectangular source fuel jet fire[J].China Safety Science Journal,2017,27(6):73-78.