摘要
N~6-甲基腺苷(m~6A)是指发生在腺嘌呤第6位氮原子上的甲基化修饰,广泛存在于多种真核生物的RNA中。当前研究显示m~6A相关蛋白主要包括催化m~6A形成的甲基转移酶、移除m~6A修饰的去甲基化酶和识别m~6A修饰的甲基结合蛋白三类。近年研究发现微小RNA(miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)和环状RNA(circRNA)等非编码RNA的生成和功能发挥受到m~6A修饰的调控。本文基于近期的文献,总结了m~6A相关蛋白的种类和功能的研究进展,并对m~6A相关蛋白调控非编码RNA生成和功能发挥的机制进行归纳,以期为将来m~6A相关蛋白及其对非编码RNA的影响研究提供参考。
N~6-methyladenosine(m~6A), abundant in eukaryotic RNAs, refers to methylation of the adenosine base at the nitrogen-6 position. m~6 A has been recognized to be regulated by three categories of proteins, of which methyltransferases catalyze the formation of m~6 A modification, demethylases erase m~6A markers from RNA, and methyl-binding proteins selectively recognize m~6 A modification. In recent years, increasing research has revealed that m~6 A plays an important role in production and functioning of non-coding RNAs such as microRNA(miRNA), long non-coding RNA(lncRNA), and circular RNA(circRNA). According to the latest reports, this paper summarized the types and functions of m~6A-related proteins, as well as the mechanisms of m~6 A regulatory proteins on the production and functioning of non-coding RNAs, aiming to provide reference for future research on m~6A-related proteins and their effects on non-coding RNAs.
引文
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