破囊壶菌二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的制备工艺及应用前景
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摘要
破囊壶菌具有二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenvic acid,DHA)含量高、油脂组成简单、生长速率快等优点,是DHA商业开发的潜在来源。目前,破囊壶菌DHA的制备工艺还处于尝试和探索阶段,特别是破囊壶菌的发酵工艺、油脂的提取工艺和DHA的纯化工艺。该文对上述工艺的研究进展进行了综述,并对破囊壶菌DHA的产业化潜力进行了分析,为破囊壶菌DHA的工业化研究提供参考。
Thraustochytrids have recently attracted much attention due to its high DHA content,simple fat composition and fast growth rates. In this review of the present research,developments in the fermentation process,DHA extraction and purification were introduced. The problems existed in the future application of DHA were also mentioned,which would be helpful for its industrialization.
Thraustochytrids have recently attracted much attention due to its high DHA content,simple fat composition and fast growth rates. In this review of the present research,developments in the fermentation process,DHA extraction and purification were introduced. The problems existed in the future application of DHA were also mentioned,which would be helpful for its industrialization.
引文
[1]李晶晶,刘瑛,马炯.破囊壶菌生产DHA的应用前景[J].食品工业科技,2013,34(16):367-371.
[2]MOSS S T.Biology and phylogeny ofthe labyrinthulales and thraustochytriales[A].In:Moss,S T.The Biology of marine fungi[C].Cambridge:Cambrige Univ Press,1986:105-129.
[3]WINWOOD R J.Recent developments in the commercial production of DHA and EPA rich oils from micro-algae[J].OCL,2013,20(6):D604.
[4]HUANG J,AKI T,YOKOCHI T,et al.Grouping newly isolated docosahexaenoic acid-producing Thraustochytrids based on their polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles and comparative analysis of 18S rRNA genes[J].Marine Biotechnology,2003,5(5):450-457.
[5]BURJA A M,RADIANINGTYAS H,WINDUST A,et al.Isolation and characterization of polyunsaturated fatty acid producing Thraustochytrium species:screening of strains and optimization of omega-3 production[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2006,72(6):1 161-1 169.
[6]黄菊华,李蕴成.DHA的功能及在食品添加中的应用研究[J].中国食物与营养,2014,20(4):76-79.
[7]刘官军,张兴灿,朱维忠.DHA工艺产业化研究[J].科技视界,2014(25):248-248.
[8]赵肖为,周茂洪.破囊壶菌及其廿二碳六烯酸生物合成[J].温州师范学院学报,2004,25(5):90-94.
[9]SUBHADRA B G.Sustainability of algal biofuel production using integrated renewable energy park(IREP)and algal biorefineryapproach[J].Energy Policy,2010,38(10):5 892-5 901.
[10]SCHUHMANN H,LIM D K Y,SCHENK P M.Perspectives on metabolic engineering for increased lipid contents in microalgae[J].Biofuels,2012,3(1):71-86.
[11]BOELEN P,VAN DIJK R,DAMSTJ S S,et al.On the potential application of polar and temperate marine microalgae for EPA and DHA production[J].AMB Express,2013,3(1):1-9.
[12]SHENE C,LEYTON A,ESPARZA Y,et al.Microbial oils and fatty acids:effect of carbon source on docosahexaenoic acid(C22∶6 N-3,DHA)production by Thraustochytrid strains[J].Journal of Soil Science&Plant Nutrition,2010,10(3):207-216.
[13]HEATH C,KISS R.Cell culture process development:advances in process engineering[J].Biotechnol Prog,2007,23:46-51.
[14]YANG H L,LU C K,CHEN S F,et al.Isolation and characterization of Taiwanese heterotrophic microalgae:screening of strains for docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)production[J].Mar Biotechnol,20012(2):173-185.
[15]LING Xue-ping,GUO Jing,LIU Xiao-ting,et al.Impact of carbon and nitrogen feeding strategy on high production of biomass and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)by Schizochytrium sp.LU310[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,184:139-147
[16]CHANG Gui-ping,GAO Ni-si,TIAN Gui-wei,et al.Improvement of docosahexaenoic acid production on glycerol by Schizochytrium sp.S31 with constantly high oxygen transfer coefficient[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,142:400-406.
[17]LI Jing,LIU Rui-jie,CHANG Gui-fang,et al.A strategy for the highly efficient production of docosahexaenoic acid by Aurantiochytriumlimacinum SR21 using glucose and glycerol as the mixed carbon sources[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,177:51-57.
[18]HUANG T Y,LU W C,CHU I M.A fermentation strategy for producing docosahexaenoic acid in Aurantiochytriumlimacinum SR21 and increasing C22∶6 proportions in total fatty acid[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,123:8-14.
[19]QU Liang,REN Lu-jing J,HUANG He.Scale-up of docosahexaenoic acid production in fed-batch fermentation by Schizochytrium sp.based on volumetric oxygen-transfer coefficient[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2013,77:82-87.
[20]PATIL K P,GOGATE P R.Improved synthesis of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)using Schizochytriuml imacinum SR21 and sustainable media[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2015,268:187-196.
[21]CHANG K J L,NICHOLS C M,BLACKBURN S I,et al.Comparison of thraustochytrids Aurantiochytrium sp.,Schizochytrium sp.,Thraustochytrium sp.,and Ulkenia sp.for production of biodiesel,long-chainω-3 Oils,and exopolysaccharide[J].Marine Biotechnology,2014,16(4):396-411.
[22]AKOBSEN A N,AASEN I M,JOSEFSEN K D,et al.Accumulation of docosahexaenoic acid-rich lipid in thraustochytrid Aurantiochytrium sp.strain T66:effects of N and P starvation and O2limitation[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,2008,80:297-306.
[23]J YAGUCHI T,TANAKA S,YOKOCHI T,et al.Production of high yields of docosahexaenoic acid by Schizochytrium sp.strain SR21[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists'Society,1997,74(11):1 431-1 434.
[24]YAMASAKI T,AKI T,SHINOZAKI M,et al.Utilization of shochu distillery wastewater for production of polyunsaturated fatty acids and xanthophylls using thraustochytrid[J].J Biosci Bioeng,2006,102:323-327.
[25]QU L,REN L J,SUN G N,et al.Batch,fed-batch and repeated fed-batch fermentation processes of the marine thraustochytrid Schizochytrium sp.for producing docosahexaenoic acid[J].Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,2013,36(12):1 905-1 912.
[26]吴克刚,杨连生,黄通旺.超声波破碎Thraustochytrium提取脂质的研究[J].郑州工程学院学报,2001,22(4):31-34.
[27]BLIGH E G,DYER W J.A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification[J].Can J Biochem Physiol,1959,37(8):911-917.
[28]BURJA A M,ARMENTA R E,RADIANINGTYAS H,et al.Evaluation of fatty acid extraction methods for Thraustochytrium sp.ONC-T18[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2007,55(12):4 795-4 801.
[29]CHANG K J L,DUNSTAN G A,ABELL G C J,et al.Biodiscovery of new Australian thraustochytrids for production of biodiesel and long-chain omega-3 oils[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2012,93(5):2 215-2 231.
[30]NILSSON W B,SEABORN G T,HUDSON J K.Partition coefficients for fatty acid esters in supercritical fluid CO2with and without ethanol[J].JAOCS,1992,69(4):305-308.
[31]TANG S,QIN C,WANG H,et al.Study on supercritical extraction of lipids and enrichment of DHA from oil-rich microalgae[J].The Journal of Supercritical Fluids,2011,57(1):44-49.
[32]胡爱军,丘泰球,梁汉华.海藻EPA、DHA含量及分离浓缩方法[J].海洋通报,2002,21(2):84-91.
[33]陈钧,邱榕,陈庶来,等.银离子络合萃取法及其在分离鱼油活性成分中的应用[J].江苏理工大学学报(自然科学版),2000(6):23-27.
[34]秦昌蓉.富油微藻中油脂的提取及DHA富集纯化的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2010.
[35]CVENGROJ,MICOV M,LUTIAN J.Modelling of fractionation in a molecular evaporator with divided condenser[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification,2000,39:191-199.
[36]BASTISTELLA C B,MACIEL M R W,MACIELFILHO R.Rigorous modeling and simulation of molecular distillators:development of a simulator under conditions of non ideality of the vapor phase[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2000,24:1 309-1 315.
[37]王丽华,丁红军,李尔春,等.分子蒸馏技术在食品工业中的应用[J].食品与药品,2007(9):72-73.
[38]傅红,裘爱泳.分子蒸馏法富集鱼油ω-3脂肪酸[J].中国粮油学报,2006,21(3):156-159.
[39]吴庆,蔡昭玲,丛威,等.从微藻中提取多不饱和脂肪酸[J].北京化工大学学报:自然科学版,2004(4):5-8.
[40]YAMAMURA R,SHIMOMURA Y.Industrial high-performance liquid chromatography purification of docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester and docosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester from single-cell oil[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists'Society,1997,74(11):1 435-1 440.
[41]全文琴.ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸甘油酯富集的研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2008.
[42]孙兆敏,张芹,郭正霞,等.酶促乙酯化和分子蒸馏联用制备高DHA乙酯的工艺[J].食品工业科技,2014,(12):167-171.
[43]温雪馨,李建平,侯文伟,等.微藻DHA的营养保健功能及在食品工业中的应用[J].食品科学,2010(21):446-450.
[44]霍卫.我国鱼油产品进出口贸易高速增长[J].中国现代中药,2014,16(6):478-480.
[2]MOSS S T.Biology and phylogeny ofthe labyrinthulales and thraustochytriales[A].In:Moss,S T.The Biology of marine fungi[C].Cambridge:Cambrige Univ Press,1986:105-129.
[3]WINWOOD R J.Recent developments in the commercial production of DHA and EPA rich oils from micro-algae[J].OCL,2013,20(6):D604.
[4]HUANG J,AKI T,YOKOCHI T,et al.Grouping newly isolated docosahexaenoic acid-producing Thraustochytrids based on their polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles and comparative analysis of 18S rRNA genes[J].Marine Biotechnology,2003,5(5):450-457.
[5]BURJA A M,RADIANINGTYAS H,WINDUST A,et al.Isolation and characterization of polyunsaturated fatty acid producing Thraustochytrium species:screening of strains and optimization of omega-3 production[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2006,72(6):1 161-1 169.
[6]黄菊华,李蕴成.DHA的功能及在食品添加中的应用研究[J].中国食物与营养,2014,20(4):76-79.
[7]刘官军,张兴灿,朱维忠.DHA工艺产业化研究[J].科技视界,2014(25):248-248.
[8]赵肖为,周茂洪.破囊壶菌及其廿二碳六烯酸生物合成[J].温州师范学院学报,2004,25(5):90-94.
[9]SUBHADRA B G.Sustainability of algal biofuel production using integrated renewable energy park(IREP)and algal biorefineryapproach[J].Energy Policy,2010,38(10):5 892-5 901.
[10]SCHUHMANN H,LIM D K Y,SCHENK P M.Perspectives on metabolic engineering for increased lipid contents in microalgae[J].Biofuels,2012,3(1):71-86.
[11]BOELEN P,VAN DIJK R,DAMSTJ S S,et al.On the potential application of polar and temperate marine microalgae for EPA and DHA production[J].AMB Express,2013,3(1):1-9.
[12]SHENE C,LEYTON A,ESPARZA Y,et al.Microbial oils and fatty acids:effect of carbon source on docosahexaenoic acid(C22∶6 N-3,DHA)production by Thraustochytrid strains[J].Journal of Soil Science&Plant Nutrition,2010,10(3):207-216.
[13]HEATH C,KISS R.Cell culture process development:advances in process engineering[J].Biotechnol Prog,2007,23:46-51.
[14]YANG H L,LU C K,CHEN S F,et al.Isolation and characterization of Taiwanese heterotrophic microalgae:screening of strains for docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)production[J].Mar Biotechnol,20012(2):173-185.
[15]LING Xue-ping,GUO Jing,LIU Xiao-ting,et al.Impact of carbon and nitrogen feeding strategy on high production of biomass and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)by Schizochytrium sp.LU310[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,184:139-147
[16]CHANG Gui-ping,GAO Ni-si,TIAN Gui-wei,et al.Improvement of docosahexaenoic acid production on glycerol by Schizochytrium sp.S31 with constantly high oxygen transfer coefficient[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,142:400-406.
[17]LI Jing,LIU Rui-jie,CHANG Gui-fang,et al.A strategy for the highly efficient production of docosahexaenoic acid by Aurantiochytriumlimacinum SR21 using glucose and glycerol as the mixed carbon sources[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,177:51-57.
[18]HUANG T Y,LU W C,CHU I M.A fermentation strategy for producing docosahexaenoic acid in Aurantiochytriumlimacinum SR21 and increasing C22∶6 proportions in total fatty acid[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,123:8-14.
[19]QU Liang,REN Lu-jing J,HUANG He.Scale-up of docosahexaenoic acid production in fed-batch fermentation by Schizochytrium sp.based on volumetric oxygen-transfer coefficient[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2013,77:82-87.
[20]PATIL K P,GOGATE P R.Improved synthesis of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)using Schizochytriuml imacinum SR21 and sustainable media[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2015,268:187-196.
[21]CHANG K J L,NICHOLS C M,BLACKBURN S I,et al.Comparison of thraustochytrids Aurantiochytrium sp.,Schizochytrium sp.,Thraustochytrium sp.,and Ulkenia sp.for production of biodiesel,long-chainω-3 Oils,and exopolysaccharide[J].Marine Biotechnology,2014,16(4):396-411.
[22]AKOBSEN A N,AASEN I M,JOSEFSEN K D,et al.Accumulation of docosahexaenoic acid-rich lipid in thraustochytrid Aurantiochytrium sp.strain T66:effects of N and P starvation and O2limitation[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,2008,80:297-306.
[23]J YAGUCHI T,TANAKA S,YOKOCHI T,et al.Production of high yields of docosahexaenoic acid by Schizochytrium sp.strain SR21[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists'Society,1997,74(11):1 431-1 434.
[24]YAMASAKI T,AKI T,SHINOZAKI M,et al.Utilization of shochu distillery wastewater for production of polyunsaturated fatty acids and xanthophylls using thraustochytrid[J].J Biosci Bioeng,2006,102:323-327.
[25]QU L,REN L J,SUN G N,et al.Batch,fed-batch and repeated fed-batch fermentation processes of the marine thraustochytrid Schizochytrium sp.for producing docosahexaenoic acid[J].Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,2013,36(12):1 905-1 912.
[26]吴克刚,杨连生,黄通旺.超声波破碎Thraustochytrium提取脂质的研究[J].郑州工程学院学报,2001,22(4):31-34.
[27]BLIGH E G,DYER W J.A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification[J].Can J Biochem Physiol,1959,37(8):911-917.
[28]BURJA A M,ARMENTA R E,RADIANINGTYAS H,et al.Evaluation of fatty acid extraction methods for Thraustochytrium sp.ONC-T18[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2007,55(12):4 795-4 801.
[29]CHANG K J L,DUNSTAN G A,ABELL G C J,et al.Biodiscovery of new Australian thraustochytrids for production of biodiesel and long-chain omega-3 oils[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2012,93(5):2 215-2 231.
[30]NILSSON W B,SEABORN G T,HUDSON J K.Partition coefficients for fatty acid esters in supercritical fluid CO2with and without ethanol[J].JAOCS,1992,69(4):305-308.
[31]TANG S,QIN C,WANG H,et al.Study on supercritical extraction of lipids and enrichment of DHA from oil-rich microalgae[J].The Journal of Supercritical Fluids,2011,57(1):44-49.
[32]胡爱军,丘泰球,梁汉华.海藻EPA、DHA含量及分离浓缩方法[J].海洋通报,2002,21(2):84-91.
[33]陈钧,邱榕,陈庶来,等.银离子络合萃取法及其在分离鱼油活性成分中的应用[J].江苏理工大学学报(自然科学版),2000(6):23-27.
[34]秦昌蓉.富油微藻中油脂的提取及DHA富集纯化的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2010.
[35]CVENGROJ,MICOV M,LUTIAN J.Modelling of fractionation in a molecular evaporator with divided condenser[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification,2000,39:191-199.
[36]BASTISTELLA C B,MACIEL M R W,MACIELFILHO R.Rigorous modeling and simulation of molecular distillators:development of a simulator under conditions of non ideality of the vapor phase[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2000,24:1 309-1 315.
[37]王丽华,丁红军,李尔春,等.分子蒸馏技术在食品工业中的应用[J].食品与药品,2007(9):72-73.
[38]傅红,裘爱泳.分子蒸馏法富集鱼油ω-3脂肪酸[J].中国粮油学报,2006,21(3):156-159.
[39]吴庆,蔡昭玲,丛威,等.从微藻中提取多不饱和脂肪酸[J].北京化工大学学报:自然科学版,2004(4):5-8.
[40]YAMAMURA R,SHIMOMURA Y.Industrial high-performance liquid chromatography purification of docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester and docosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester from single-cell oil[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists'Society,1997,74(11):1 435-1 440.
[41]全文琴.ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸甘油酯富集的研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2008.
[42]孙兆敏,张芹,郭正霞,等.酶促乙酯化和分子蒸馏联用制备高DHA乙酯的工艺[J].食品工业科技,2014,(12):167-171.
[43]温雪馨,李建平,侯文伟,等.微藻DHA的营养保健功能及在食品工业中的应用[J].食品科学,2010(21):446-450.
[44]霍卫.我国鱼油产品进出口贸易高速增长[J].中国现代中药,2014,16(6):478-480.