大竹蛏稚贝潜砂行为的研究
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摘要
实验室条件下,研究大竹蛏稚贝的潜砂行为及稚贝规格对潜砂的影响。结果表明,大竹蛏稚贝的潜砂行为可分3个阶段:准备期、潜砂期及结束期。大竹蛏稚贝在壳长3.00～8.50 mm内,规格对潜砂准备时间、潜砂时间及潜砂行为的影响极显著,随着规格变大其潜砂准备时间逐渐降低(10.7～4.0 s);潜砂时间则表现为先降后升,壳长(6.20±0.04) mm组的稚贝潜砂时间最短,约9.7 s;各规格组稚贝的潜沙率均为100%,壳长(5.18±0.11) mm组潜砂率100%且用时最短。建议在大竹蛏增养殖过程中,投放苗种规格宜大于5.00 mm。
The burrowing behavior and ability of razor clam Solen grandis with different shell length were researched in a laboratory. The results showed that the behavior of the burrowing into the sandy sediment can be divided into three stages: preparation period, burrowing period and terminal stage. In the different shell-length of 3.00 mm to 8.50 mm of S. grandis,the influence of the size on the burrowing behavior was very significant, the preparation-time of burrowing behavior gradually decreased(10.7—4.0 s) as the specification larger. The burrowing time was decreased and then increased, the group of 6.20 mm with the shortest burrowing time(about 9.7 s). The sand-diving rate of each size group was 100%. The burrowing time of 5.18 mm group was the shortest when burrowing-rate was 100%. It is suggested that in the process of increasing culturing of S. grandis, the seedling size should be over 5.00 mm.
The burrowing behavior and ability of razor clam Solen grandis with different shell length were researched in a laboratory. The results showed that the behavior of the burrowing into the sandy sediment can be divided into three stages: preparation period, burrowing period and terminal stage. In the different shell-length of 3.00 mm to 8.50 mm of S. grandis,the influence of the size on the burrowing behavior was very significant, the preparation-time of burrowing behavior gradually decreased(10.7—4.0 s) as the specification larger. The burrowing time was decreased and then increased, the group of 6.20 mm with the shortest burrowing time(about 9.7 s). The sand-diving rate of each size group was 100%. The burrowing time of 5.18 mm group was the shortest when burrowing-rate was 100%. It is suggested that in the process of increasing culturing of S. grandis, the seedling size should be over 5.00 mm.
引文
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[2] 潘星光.缢蛏的生态观察与食性分析[J].动物学杂志,1959,3(8):355-357.
[3] 王摆,田甲申,曹琛,等.稳定同位素法研究大竹蛏D形幼虫、稚贝和幼贝的食性[J].水产科学,2017,36(5):670-673.
[4] 周玮,刘一兵,李坤,等.魁蚶苗种的潜砂行为观察[J].大连海洋大学学报,2011,26(6):550-553.
[5] 孙虎山.长竹蛏苗的潜砂及耐干露能力的研究[J].烟台师范学院学报:自然科学版,1992,6(8):67-73.
[6] 王文雄,许振祖.缢蛏稚贝的爬行行为及盐度对其钻穴能力的影响[J].厦门大学学报:自然科学版,1988,27(3):333-337.
[7] 杨凤,曾超,王华,等.环境因子及规格对菲律宾蛤仔幼贝潜砂行为的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(3):1-8.
[8] 张安国,袁秀堂,杨凤影,等.温度、盐度及底质对文蛤潜砂行为的影响[J].生态学杂志,2015,34(6):1595-1601.
[9] 张建强.几种环境因素对象拔蚌潜砂行为的影响[D].大连:大连海洋大学,2013.
[10] 陈雷,郭良勇,张嵩,等.毛蚶在不同底质与撒播方式下潜砂行为的观测与分析[J].渔业现代化,2016,43(8):22-25.
[11] Trueman E R.The burrowing process of Dentalium (caphopoda)[J].Journal of Zoology,1968,154(1):19-27.
[12] Ansell A D,Trueman E R.Burrowing in Mercenaria mercenaria (L.) (Bivalvia,Veneridae) [J].Experimental Biology,1967(46):105-115.
[13] Brand A R,Trueman E R,Davis P.The dynamics of burrowing of some common littoral bivalves[J].Experimental Biology,1966(44):469-492.
[14] 刘世禄,杨爱国.中国主要海产贝类健康养殖技术[M].北京:海洋出版社,2005.