太行山南麓不同龄级荆条根周土壤养分和细根特征研究
|
摘要
以干旱半干旱山区太行山荆条灌木为研究对象,测定不同龄级荆条根周土壤养分和细根特征,包括土壤有机质、速效磷和碱解氮,及细根生物量、根长密度、根表面积密度和根体积密度等。结果发现,荆条根际土养分含量总体表现为高于非根际土;土壤养分含量和根周形态指标整体表现为表层>中层>底层的变化趋势。其中,在有机质含量方面,龄级4的荆条,土壤有机质在各土层显著高于其他龄级,同时在非根际土中,有机质含量的极值也均出现在龄级4荆条中;速效磷方面,养分含量随龄级的变化呈现先增高后降低的趋势;碱解氮方面,其总含量表现为随着龄级的增长呈上升趋势。研究证实,根系形态指标的极值普遍出现在中间位龄级(3～4级)中。同时研究发现,随着龄级的升高,底层细根生物量所占总细根生物量的比值越来越高,表明荆条细根生长与龄级呈正相关关系。综上,荆条灌木的生长能够有效参与土壤养分斑块化进程,研究结果将为当地干旱半干旱山地的生态修复提供助力。
Taking the Vitex negundo shrubs in the arid and semi-arid mountainous areas as the research object, the soil nutrients and fine root characteristics of Vitex negundo of different age classes, including soil organic matter, available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, fine root biomass, root length density, root surface area density and root volume density were determined. The results showed that the nutrient content in the rhizosphere soil was higher than that in the non-rhizosphere soil, and the soil nutrient content and perirhizosphere morphological index showed the changing trend of surface layer > middle layer > bottom layer. Among them, in terms of organic matter content, the organic matter content in all layers of soil around Vitex negundo of age class 4 was significantly higher than that in other age classes, and the extreme values of organic matter content were also found in non-rhizosphere soil around Vitex negundo of age 4. In terms of available phosphorus, the nutrient content showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the change of age; in terms of alkali nitrogen, the total content showed an upward trend with the increase of age class. The results confirmed that the extreme values of root morphological indexes generally occured in the intermediate age classes(3～4). Meanwhile, it was found that the ratio of bottom fine root biomass to total fine root biomass was higher and higher with the increase of age class, which indicated that the growth of fine root was positively correlated with the age class. In summary, the results indicated that the growth of Vitex negundo shrubs could effectively participate in the soil nutrient patching process, and the research would contribute to the ecological restoration of the local arid and semi-arid mountainous areas.
Taking the Vitex negundo shrubs in the arid and semi-arid mountainous areas as the research object, the soil nutrients and fine root characteristics of Vitex negundo of different age classes, including soil organic matter, available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, fine root biomass, root length density, root surface area density and root volume density were determined. The results showed that the nutrient content in the rhizosphere soil was higher than that in the non-rhizosphere soil, and the soil nutrient content and perirhizosphere morphological index showed the changing trend of surface layer > middle layer > bottom layer. Among them, in terms of organic matter content, the organic matter content in all layers of soil around Vitex negundo of age class 4 was significantly higher than that in other age classes, and the extreme values of organic matter content were also found in non-rhizosphere soil around Vitex negundo of age 4. In terms of available phosphorus, the nutrient content showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the change of age; in terms of alkali nitrogen, the total content showed an upward trend with the increase of age class. The results confirmed that the extreme values of root morphological indexes generally occured in the intermediate age classes(3～4). Meanwhile, it was found that the ratio of bottom fine root biomass to total fine root biomass was higher and higher with the increase of age class, which indicated that the growth of fine root was positively correlated with the age class. In summary, the results indicated that the growth of Vitex negundo shrubs could effectively participate in the soil nutrient patching process, and the research would contribute to the ecological restoration of the local arid and semi-arid mountainous areas.
引文
[1] 彭一可,罗芳丽,李红丽,等. 根状茎型植物扁秆荆三棱对土壤养分异质性尺度和对比度的生长响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(4):335-343.
[2] 王庆成, 程云环. 土壤养分空间异质性与植物根系的觅食反应[C]. 首届中国植物化感作用学术研讨会暨中国植物保护学会植物化感作用分会筹备大会. 2004:1063-1068.
[3] 崔向慧. 干旱半干旱沙区人工植被与土壤水分环境相互作用关系研究进展[J]. 世界林业研究, 2010, 23(6):50-54.
[4] 姜丽娜, 杨文斌, 卢琦,等. 低覆盖度柠条固沙林不同配置对植被修复的影响[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2009, 23(2):180-185.
[5] 蔡海霞. 干旱胁迫对岷江上游干旱河谷-山地森林交错带典型植物生理生态的影响[D]. 雅安:四川农业大学, 2010.
[6] 徐炳成, 山仑, 李凤民. 半干旱黄土丘陵区五种植物的生理生态特征比较[J]. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(5):990-996.
[7] 孔玉华, 王怡博, 赵佳宝,等. 侧柏、山毛桃单栽及侧柏-山毛桃混栽幼苗根际土壤环境特征[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2016, 31(2):72-76.
[8] 裴丙, 朱龙飞, 梁红艳,等. 太行山低山丘陵区不同人工林型对土壤性质及酶活性的影响[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2017, 31(10):190-195.
[9] ZHAO H, LI X, ZHANG Z, et al. Species diversity and drivers of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in a semi-arid mountain in China.[J]. Peerj, 2017, 5(12):e4155.
[10] 祝忆伟, 张志铭, 赵勇,等. 不同林龄栓皮栎林下土壤颗粒分形及养分特征研究[J]. 河南农业大学学报, 2017(5):634-639.
[11] MUDRAK E L , SCHAFER J L , FUENTESRAMIREZ A , et al. Predictive modeling of spatial patterns of soil nutrients related to fertility islands[J]. Landscape Ecology, 2014, 29(3):491-505.
[12] 丛毓, 杨靖民, 刘丽娟,等. 5年生五味子不同生育期叶片中N、P、K含量的变化[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2012,40(12):7055-7057.
[13] 赵河, 张志铭, 赵勇,等. 模拟氮沉降对荆条灌木“肥岛”土壤养分的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2017, 37(18):6014-6020.
[14] 牛小云, 孙晓梅, 陈东升,等. 辽东山区不同林龄日本落叶松人工林土壤微生物、养分及酶活性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(9):2663-2672.
[15] 廖迎春. 我国亚热带杉木细根生物量、形态特征及其对环境因子的响应[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学, 2014.
[16] 李洪波, 薛慕瑶, 林雅茹,等. 土壤养分空间异质性与根系觅食作用:从个体到群落[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2013, 19(4):995-1004.
[17] 张立恒,王学全, 贾志清,等. 高寒沙地不同林龄中间锦鸡儿人工林根系分布特征[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2018,32(11):163-168.
[18] 宗宁, 石培礼, 宋明华,等. 模拟放牧改变了氮添加作用下高寒草甸生物量的分配模式[J]. 自然资源学报, 2012, 27(10):1696-1707.
[19] 陶冶, 张元明, 吴小波. 植物种群的多尺度多参数空间分布格局:以白茎绢蒿和准噶尔沙蒿为例[C]. 中国植物学会会员代表大会暨八十周年学术年会. 2013.
[20] 李春俭.植物生长调节剂抑制根向地性生长的机制探讨[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 1999, 4(1):33-35.
[21] 盛亚萍. 高寒山区燕麦和毛苕子根系分布特征及其对竞争的响应研究[D]. 兰州:西北师范大学, 2012.
[22] 梅莉, 王政权, 韩有志,等. 水曲柳根系生物量、比根长和根长密度的分布格局[J]. 应用生态学报, 2006, 17(1):1-4.
[23] 杜明新. 不同株龄紫穗槐根系分布特征与空间异质性研究[D].兰州:兰州大学, 2013.
[24] 杨文卿. 施氮对荆条灌丛土壤养分空间分布的影响[D]. 郑州:河南农业大学, 2015.
[2] 王庆成, 程云环. 土壤养分空间异质性与植物根系的觅食反应[C]. 首届中国植物化感作用学术研讨会暨中国植物保护学会植物化感作用分会筹备大会. 2004:1063-1068.
[3] 崔向慧. 干旱半干旱沙区人工植被与土壤水分环境相互作用关系研究进展[J]. 世界林业研究, 2010, 23(6):50-54.
[4] 姜丽娜, 杨文斌, 卢琦,等. 低覆盖度柠条固沙林不同配置对植被修复的影响[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2009, 23(2):180-185.
[5] 蔡海霞. 干旱胁迫对岷江上游干旱河谷-山地森林交错带典型植物生理生态的影响[D]. 雅安:四川农业大学, 2010.
[6] 徐炳成, 山仑, 李凤民. 半干旱黄土丘陵区五种植物的生理生态特征比较[J]. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(5):990-996.
[7] 孔玉华, 王怡博, 赵佳宝,等. 侧柏、山毛桃单栽及侧柏-山毛桃混栽幼苗根际土壤环境特征[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2016, 31(2):72-76.
[8] 裴丙, 朱龙飞, 梁红艳,等. 太行山低山丘陵区不同人工林型对土壤性质及酶活性的影响[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2017, 31(10):190-195.
[9] ZHAO H, LI X, ZHANG Z, et al. Species diversity and drivers of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in a semi-arid mountain in China.[J]. Peerj, 2017, 5(12):e4155.
[10] 祝忆伟, 张志铭, 赵勇,等. 不同林龄栓皮栎林下土壤颗粒分形及养分特征研究[J]. 河南农业大学学报, 2017(5):634-639.
[11] MUDRAK E L , SCHAFER J L , FUENTESRAMIREZ A , et al. Predictive modeling of spatial patterns of soil nutrients related to fertility islands[J]. Landscape Ecology, 2014, 29(3):491-505.
[12] 丛毓, 杨靖民, 刘丽娟,等. 5年生五味子不同生育期叶片中N、P、K含量的变化[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2012,40(12):7055-7057.
[13] 赵河, 张志铭, 赵勇,等. 模拟氮沉降对荆条灌木“肥岛”土壤养分的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2017, 37(18):6014-6020.
[14] 牛小云, 孙晓梅, 陈东升,等. 辽东山区不同林龄日本落叶松人工林土壤微生物、养分及酶活性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(9):2663-2672.
[15] 廖迎春. 我国亚热带杉木细根生物量、形态特征及其对环境因子的响应[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学, 2014.
[16] 李洪波, 薛慕瑶, 林雅茹,等. 土壤养分空间异质性与根系觅食作用:从个体到群落[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2013, 19(4):995-1004.
[17] 张立恒,王学全, 贾志清,等. 高寒沙地不同林龄中间锦鸡儿人工林根系分布特征[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2018,32(11):163-168.
[18] 宗宁, 石培礼, 宋明华,等. 模拟放牧改变了氮添加作用下高寒草甸生物量的分配模式[J]. 自然资源学报, 2012, 27(10):1696-1707.
[19] 陶冶, 张元明, 吴小波. 植物种群的多尺度多参数空间分布格局:以白茎绢蒿和准噶尔沙蒿为例[C]. 中国植物学会会员代表大会暨八十周年学术年会. 2013.
[20] 李春俭.植物生长调节剂抑制根向地性生长的机制探讨[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 1999, 4(1):33-35.
[21] 盛亚萍. 高寒山区燕麦和毛苕子根系分布特征及其对竞争的响应研究[D]. 兰州:西北师范大学, 2012.
[22] 梅莉, 王政权, 韩有志,等. 水曲柳根系生物量、比根长和根长密度的分布格局[J]. 应用生态学报, 2006, 17(1):1-4.
[23] 杜明新. 不同株龄紫穗槐根系分布特征与空间异质性研究[D].兰州:兰州大学, 2013.
[24] 杨文卿. 施氮对荆条灌丛土壤养分空间分布的影响[D]. 郑州:河南农业大学, 2015.