2017年焦作市人间布鲁菌病流行病学特征
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摘要
目的分析2017年焦作市布鲁菌病的流行特征,为制定布鲁菌病防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2017年焦作市布鲁菌病病例进行分析。结果焦作市共报告新发布鲁菌病病例133例,发病率3.7/10万,发病以男性青壮年为主,男女发病比为2.91∶1;发病主要集中在3—7月份,占60.15%(80/133);焦作市11个县区均有发病;职业以农民为主,占81.95%(109例);感染途径多样,其中接触犊羔发病最多,患病40例,占30.08%,其次是食用乳肉制品和饲养放牧,分别患病38例、36,各占28.57%、27.07%。结论焦作市布鲁菌病发病呈下降趋势,有明显的季节性,食用乳肉制品感染应该引起重视。今后应加强对高危人群和重点人群的监测,采取联防联控和宣传教育措施以控制疫情。
[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Jiaozuo City in 2017, provide scientific and effective basis for formulating brucellosis control strategies. [Methods] Descriptive epidemiological method was employed to analyze brucellosis cases occurred in Jiaozuo City in 2017. [Results] A total of 133 newly brucellosis cases were reported in Jiaozuo City, and the incidence was 3.7/lakh. The cases were mainly male young adults, and the ratio of male to female was2.91∶1. The cases mainly concentrated between March and July, accounting for 60.15%(80/133). The cases were reported in all11 counties/districts of Jiaozuo City, and most of patients were farmer, accounting for 81.95%(109/133). The infection pathways were varied, the contact with calves and lambs was the main pathway with 40 cases accounted for 30.08%, followed by consuming milk and meat as well as feeding and grazing, which were 38 cases and 36 cases,accounting for 28.57% and 27.07%respectively. [Conclusion] The incidence is decreasing and epidemic has obvious seasonality. It is necessary to focus on the infection by eating milk and meat and carry out the monitoring in high-risk groups and key groups. The joint prevention and management of brucellosis, as well as publicity and education play an important role in controlling epidemic.
[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Jiaozuo City in 2017, provide scientific and effective basis for formulating brucellosis control strategies. [Methods] Descriptive epidemiological method was employed to analyze brucellosis cases occurred in Jiaozuo City in 2017. [Results] A total of 133 newly brucellosis cases were reported in Jiaozuo City, and the incidence was 3.7/lakh. The cases were mainly male young adults, and the ratio of male to female was2.91∶1. The cases mainly concentrated between March and July, accounting for 60.15%(80/133). The cases were reported in all11 counties/districts of Jiaozuo City, and most of patients were farmer, accounting for 81.95%(109/133). The infection pathways were varied, the contact with calves and lambs was the main pathway with 40 cases accounted for 30.08%, followed by consuming milk and meat as well as feeding and grazing, which were 38 cases and 36 cases,accounting for 28.57% and 27.07%respectively. [Conclusion] The incidence is decreasing and epidemic has obvious seasonality. It is necessary to focus on the infection by eating milk and meat and carry out the monitoring in high-risk groups and key groups. The joint prevention and management of brucellosis, as well as publicity and education play an important role in controlling epidemic.
引文
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[8]Al-ANI FK,El-QADERI S,HAILAT NQ,et al.Human and animal Brucellosis in Jordan between 1996 and 1998:a study[J].Rev Sci Tech,2004,23(3):831-840.
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[13]樊立华.卫生法学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2004:232-234.
[14]陈丹,柳晓琳,刘孝刚,等.布鲁氏菌病流行趋势及其防治措施的研究进展[J].中国地方病防治杂志,2011,26(1):26-28.
[2]叶应妩,王毓三,申子瑜,等.全国临床检验操作规程[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2006:847.
[3]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.卫生部办公厅关于印发布鲁氏菌病诊疗指南的通知[EB/OL].(2012-10-08)[2018-2-22].http://www.gov.cn/zwgkzt/wsbysj/201210/56110.shtml.
[4]刘梅芳,白晔.浅谈当前人间布鲁氏菌病的临床表现与特点[J].医学动物防制,2007,23(2):125.
[5]徐卫民,杨洋,陈新祥,等.浙江省布鲁氏菌病患者临床流行病学特点分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2007,8(1):68-69.
[6]何战英,李旭,王小梅.2005—2010年北京市布鲁杆菌病监测结果分析[J].中国地方病防治杂志,2011,26(5):368-370.
[7]王澄珊.2007—2013年辽阳市人间布鲁氏菌病病例分析[J].中华地方病学杂志,2015,34(2):150.
[8]Al-ANI FK,El-QADERI S,HAILAT NQ,et al.Human and animal Brucellosis in Jordan between 1996 and 1998:a study[J].Rev Sci Tech,2004,23(3):831-840.
[9]朴东日,李兰玉,赵鸿雁,等.1952—2007年内蒙古自治区布鲁杆菌病疫情分析[J].中国地方病学杂志,2009,28(4):420-423.
[10]赵霞.羊布鲁菌病的传播特点以及对人的危害[J].中国畜禽业,2016,12(11):24.
[11]邹娜.羊布鲁氏杆菌病的危害及防治[J].畜牧兽医科技信息,2017(6):78.
[12]彭文伟.传染病学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2004:133-135.
[13]樊立华.卫生法学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2004:232-234.
[14]陈丹,柳晓琳,刘孝刚,等.布鲁氏菌病流行趋势及其防治措施的研究进展[J].中国地方病防治杂志,2011,26(1):26-28.