轴承钢铸坯中大型夹杂物来源分析
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摘要
为提升轴承钢品质,尽可能去除大型夹杂物,结合某钢厂轴承钢生产实际,采用大样电解方法分析了轴承钢中大型夹杂物类型,并结合引流砂检测结果分析了大型夹杂物的来源。结果表明,开浇时铸坯大型夹杂物总量比浇注中期明显偏高,但浇注中期的夹杂物种类与开浇铸坯中类似。铸坯中共发现5类大型夹杂物,其中铝酸钙大型夹杂物来源于钢液中的夹杂物;氧化铝、尖晶石和氧化钙大型夹杂物来源于引流砂;含少量K的TiO2-SiO2-FeO-CaO-Al2O3系复合夹杂物并非一定源自结晶器保护渣,也可能来源于引流砂及烧结产物。除了在精炼过程要尽可能地去除大尺寸的夹杂物,在连铸过程仍需采用有效措施,将引流砂及烧结产物排尽,才能有效提升轴承钢的产品质量。
In order to improve the steel cleanliness and remove macro-inclusions as many as possible,slime method was applied to study the types of the macro-inclusions in bearing steel at the steel company.The sources of these macro-inclusions were discussed based on the examination results of ladle filler sands.It is found that the amount of macro-inclusions at the initial casting stage of each heat is larger than that at the middle casting stage,while the types of the inclusions are very similar at both stages.Five types of macro-inclusions are detected in bloom.Calcium aluminate macro-inclusions are from the inclusions in liquid steel,while ladle filler sands are confirmed as the source of alumina,spinel and calcia macro-inclusions.Besides,even containing a trace of K,the TiO2-SiO2-FeO-CaO-Al2 O3 system complex oxides are not originated from mold flux,but probably from the ladle filler sands and their sintering products.Some necessary considerations on secondary refining and continuous casting are needed to reduce the amount of macro-inclusions.Especially,ladle filler sands should be removed as many as possible before the casting of each heat.
In order to improve the steel cleanliness and remove macro-inclusions as many as possible,slime method was applied to study the types of the macro-inclusions in bearing steel at the steel company.The sources of these macro-inclusions were discussed based on the examination results of ladle filler sands.It is found that the amount of macro-inclusions at the initial casting stage of each heat is larger than that at the middle casting stage,while the types of the inclusions are very similar at both stages.Five types of macro-inclusions are detected in bloom.Calcium aluminate macro-inclusions are from the inclusions in liquid steel,while ladle filler sands are confirmed as the source of alumina,spinel and calcia macro-inclusions.Besides,even containing a trace of K,the TiO2-SiO2-FeO-CaO-Al2 O3 system complex oxides are not originated from mold flux,but probably from the ladle filler sands and their sintering products.Some necessary considerations on secondary refining and continuous casting are needed to reduce the amount of macro-inclusions.Especially,ladle filler sands should be removed as many as possible before the casting of each heat.
引文
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[10]Deng Z Y,Glaser B,Bombeck M A,et al.Effects of temperature and holding time on the sintering of ladle filler sand with liquid steel[J].Steel Research International,2016,87(7):921.
[2]高菊,刘文会,邢薇,等.IF钢大型夹杂物行为研究[J].钢铁钒钛,2015,36(4):108.(Gao J,Liu W H,Xing W,et al.Research on behaviour of large inclusions in IF steel[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,2015,36(4):108.)
[3]马军红,朴占龙,王硕明,等.BOF-LF-CC工艺生产SPHC铸坯中大型夹杂物行为研究[J].铸造技术,2017,38(2):392.(Ma J H,Piao Z L,Wang S M,et al.Behavioral research of large inclusion in SPHC steel produced by BOF-LF-CC process[J].Foundry Technology,2017,38(2):392.)
[4]陈永洪,贾雅楠,刘伟,等.BOF-LF流程马口铁大型夹杂物研究[J].铸造技术,2016,37(5):973.(Chen Y H,Jia Y N,Liu W,et al.Research on large inclusions of tinplate in BOF-LF process[J].Foundry Technology,2016,37(5):973.)
[5]丁辉,秦书洋,王雁,等.Q195铸坯大型夹杂物行为分析[J].铸造技术,2017,38(6):1430.(Ding H,Qin S Y,Wang Y,et al.Behavior analysis of large inclusion in Q195slab[J].Foundry Technology,2017,38(6):1430.)
[6]邓志银,朱苗勇.合金钢中含MnO/FeO大型夹杂物来源分析[J].钢铁,2018,53(2):28.(Deng Z Y,Zhu M Y.Analysis on source of MnO/FeO containing macro-inclusions in alloyed steel[J].Iron and Steel,2018,53(2):28.)
[7]陈霄,包燕平,李任春,等.IF钢开浇阶段铸坯洁净度分析[J].钢铁研究学报,2017,29(4):281.(Chen X,Bao Y P,Li R C,et al.Analysis of cleanliness for IF steel slabs at start of continuous casting[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2017,29(4):281.)
[8]刘成松,李京社,高晓杰,等.BOF-LF-CC工艺生产SPHC钢的洁净度[J].钢铁,2015,50(2):27.(Liu C S,Li J S,Gao X J,et al.Investigation on cleanliness of SPHC steel produced by BOF-LF-CC process[J].Iron and Steel,2015,50(2):27.)
[9]Deng Z Y,Glaser B,Bombeck M A,et al.Mechanism study of the blocking of ladle well due to sintering of filler sand[J].Steel Research International,2016,87(4):484.
[10]Deng Z Y,Glaser B,Bombeck M A,et al.Effects of temperature and holding time on the sintering of ladle filler sand with liquid steel[J].Steel Research International,2016,87(7):921.