镀锌层厚度对铝/镀锌板CMT搭接接头组织和性能的影响
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摘要
文中研究厚度分别为10,30,60μm (依次为1号,2号,3号)的镀锌层对6082铝合金/镀锌板搭接接头组织和性能的影响,结果表明,1号焊缝成形较差,边缘有锌层烧蚀,3号焊缝形貌较美观,润湿性较好;1号和3号焊接接头拉伸性能较差,2号的焊接接头拉伸承载力达到9 519.5 N;镀锌层主要影响了富锌区和界面区,发现富锌区有枝晶和裂纹生成,界面区的金属间化合物均为Fe-Al-Zn化合物,仅在界面中间位置附近生成,3号的化合物层达到4～6μm,1号和2号的化合物层为1～2μm.综上所述,合适的镀锌层厚度才能得到性能良好的焊接接头.
It aimed to investigate that effects of the thickness of zinc coating on the microstructure and properties of 6082 aluminum alloy/galvanized steel joint. The thickness of zinc layer was 10, 30 and 60 μm(No.1, No.2, No.3),respectively. The results showed that the No.1 weld shape was poor, with zinc layer ablation of the edge; and the appearance of No.3 weld seam was better and the wettability was better.Tensile properties of No.1 and No.3 welded joint was poor,and the tensile bearing capacity of the No.2 weld seam was9 519.5 N. The zinc layer mainly affected the zinc-rich zone and the interfacial zone, and the zinc-rich zone had dendrites and cracks. The intermetallic compounds in the interfacial zone were Fe-Al-Zn compound, which formed only in the vicinity of the intermediate position of the interfacial zone.The No.3 compound layer produced was 4 ～ 6 μm, and the No.1 and No.2 compound layer was 1 ～ 2 μm. In summary, a suitable galvanized layer thickness was required to obtain a welded joint with good performance.
It aimed to investigate that effects of the thickness of zinc coating on the microstructure and properties of 6082 aluminum alloy/galvanized steel joint. The thickness of zinc layer was 10, 30 and 60 μm(No.1, No.2, No.3),respectively. The results showed that the No.1 weld shape was poor, with zinc layer ablation of the edge; and the appearance of No.3 weld seam was better and the wettability was better.Tensile properties of No.1 and No.3 welded joint was poor,and the tensile bearing capacity of the No.2 weld seam was9 519.5 N. The zinc layer mainly affected the zinc-rich zone and the interfacial zone, and the zinc-rich zone had dendrites and cracks. The intermetallic compounds in the interfacial zone were Fe-Al-Zn compound, which formed only in the vicinity of the intermediate position of the interfacial zone.The No.3 compound layer produced was 4 ～ 6 μm, and the No.1 and No.2 compound layer was 1 ～ 2 μm. In summary, a suitable galvanized layer thickness was required to obtain a welded joint with good performance.
引文
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[2]Zhang C Q,LüG M,Jin X,et al.Study of joining mechanism of ABS polymer and steel/aluminum by resistance spot welding[J].China Welding,2018,27(2):57-62.
[3]Lei Z,Li X Y,Xu F J,et al.Laser-pulsed MIG hybrid welding technology of A6N01S aluminum alloy[J].China Welding,2017,26(4):10-19.
[4]李晓靓,于治水,张培磊,等.激光熔-钎焊镀锌钢/铝异种金属的接头性能影响因素及改善措施[J].材料导报,2015,29(5):123-126,144.Li Xiaoliang,Yu Zhihui,Zhang Peilei,et al.Influencing factors and improvement measures of joint performance by laser fusionbrazing between zinc-coated steel and aluminum alloy[J].Materials Repotrs,2015,29(5):123-126,144.
[5]黄健康,李杰,沈利民,等.Si,Mg对铝/钢熔钎焊焊接接头力学性能的影响[J].焊接学报,2016,37(8):93-100.Huang Jiankang,Li Jie,Shen Limin,et al.Effects of Si and Mg on mechanical properties of aluminum steel welded-brazed joint[J].Transcactions of the China Welding Institution,2016,37(8):93-100.
[6]Qin G L,Su Y H,Meng X M,et al.Numerical simulation on MIGarc brazing-fusion welding of aluminum alloy to galvanized steel plate[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2015,78(9-12):1917-1925.
[7]Dharmendra C,Rao K P,Wilden J,et al.Study on laser weldingbrazing of zinc coated steel to aluminum alloy with a zinc based filler[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2011,528(3):1497-1503.
[8]Arghavani M R,Movahedi M,Kokabi A H.Role of zinc layer in resistance spot welding of aluminium to steel[J].Materials&Design,2016,102:106-114.
[9]Haddadi F,Strong D,Prangnell P B.Effect of zinc coatings on joint properties and interfacial reactions in aluminum to steel ultrasonic spot welding[J].Journal of Metals,2012,64(3):407-413.
[10]Miyamoto K,Nakagawa S,Tsushima K,et al.Effect of Zn insertion on diffusion bonded joint properties of steel and aluminum alloy:-dissimilar metals joining of steel and aluminum alloy by Zn insertion[J].Journal of the Japan Welding Society,2014,32:15-30.
[11]张洪涛.铝/镀锌钢板CMT熔-钎焊机理研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008.
[12]杨硕,林健,杨上陆,等.钢/铝CMT接头熔合面积对接头抗剪强度及破坏模式的影响[J].材料工程,2014(4):34-39.Yang Shuo,Lin Jian,Yang Shanglu,et al.Effect of bonded area on shear strength and failure mode in steel/Al CMT brazed joint[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2014(4):34-39.
[13]李超豪,华学明,张跃龙,等.镀锌板CMT焊焊缝气孔影响因素及产生机理[J].焊接学报,2019,40(1):94-98.Li Chaohao,Hua Xueming,Zhang Yuelong,et al.Study on influence factor and formation mechanism of porosities in CMT welding of galvanized steel sheet[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2019,40(1):94-98.
[14]Lim Y M,Jang B S,Koh J H.The effect of shielding gas and arc voltage on the bead shape and pore generation of galvanized steel pipe welds with gas metal arc welding[J].Advanced Materials Re-search,2013,746:240-244.
[15]苗玉刚,吴斌涛,韩端锋,等.铝/镀锌钢异种金属旁路分流MIG电弧熔钎焊界面区组织与接头性能[J].焊接学报,2014,35(9):6-10.Miao Yugang,Wu Bintao,Han Duanfeng,et al.Characteristics of joint and interface layer during bypass current MIG welding-brazing of aluminum and steel dissimilar[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2014,35(9):6-10.
[16]Feng J C,He P,Hackl H.Distribution of Zn and interfacial microstructure of braze-welding CMT joints between aluminium and galvanized steel sheets[J].Solid State Phenomena,2007,127:43-48.
[17]石玗,李杰,黄健康,等.Si和Zn对铝/钢异种金属熔钎焊接头界面组织的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2015(1):30-35.Shi Yu,Li Jie,Huang Jiankang,et al.Effects of Si and Zn on interface microstructures of aluminum steel welding brazing joint[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015(1):30-35.
[18]Reimann W,Pfriem S,Hammer T,et al.Influence of different zinc coatings on laser brazing of galvanized steel[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2017,239:75-82.
[19]张洪涛,冯吉才,何鹏,等.镀锌层对铝/镀锌钢板CMT熔-钎焊电弧加热行为的影响[J].焊接学报,2009,30(8):37-40.Zhang Hongtao,Feng Jicai,He Peng,et al.Effect of zinc coating on arc heating behavior for joining Al and zinc coated steel by welding-brazing process[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2009,30(8):37-40.
[20]张帆,李芳,王诗恩,等.镀锌钢板搭接光纤激光焊接中搭接间隙的研究[J].中国激光,2014(10):113-118.Zhang Fan,Li Fang,Wang Shien,et al.Research of lap gap in fiber laser lap welding of galvanized steel[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2014(10):113-118.