古代经典名方的药对研究
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摘要
目的:对古代经典名方目录(第一批)代表性药对进行系统归纳研究,探寻药对的普遍配伍规律,以期进一步挖掘药对丰富的内在价值并指导临床药对的运用,同时为经典名方的开发提供一定的文献学基础。方法:通过系统整理药对的中医古籍文献,就其配伍规律、方剂、药理药效、化学成分、不同配比、临床应用、数据挖掘、毒理学等方面展开研究。结果:经典名方中常见的药对配伍规律均可在治法、四气、五味、升降浮沉、归经、药物毒性作用方面进行归属,但经典名方药对的现代研究并不完善,尤其缺少药对关联规则和数据挖掘的研究以及毒理学研究。结论:药对作为方剂有效性的关键,在经典名方开发的文献学研究中十分重要,本文剖析了药对的普遍配伍规律,同时系统归纳了古代经典名方目录(第一批)代表性药对的现代研究,进一步挖掘了药对丰富的内在价值,也为经典名方开发的文献学研究提供一定的思路与指导。
Objective: To explore the general compatibility law of drug pairs, systematically analyze the application thinking and modern research of representative drug pairs in the catalogue of ancient classical famous prescriptions(the first batch), in order to further explore the rich intrinsic value of drug pairs and guide the application of clinical drug pairs. Methods: By systematically sorting out and analyzing the ancient Chinese medicine literature of TCM pairs, the compatibility law, prescriptions, pharmacological and pharmacological effects, chemical composition, different proportions,clinical application, data mining, toxicology and other aspects were analyzed. Results: The compatibility rules of classical famous prescriptions can be attributed to the treatment, four Qi, five flavors, ascending and descending,meridian attribution and drug toxicity, but the modern research of classical famous prescriptions is not perfect, especially the research of association rules and data mining and toxicology. Conclusion: As the key to the effectiveness of prescriptions, drug pairs play an important role in the literature research of the development of classical famous prescriptions.This paper analyses the general compatibility law of drug pairs, and systematically analyses the application thinking and modern research of representative drug pairs in the catalogue of classical famous prescriptions(the first batch), which further excavates the rich intrinsic value of drug pairs and provide some ideas and guidance for the literature research on the development of classical famous prescriptions.
Objective: To explore the general compatibility law of drug pairs, systematically analyze the application thinking and modern research of representative drug pairs in the catalogue of ancient classical famous prescriptions(the first batch), in order to further explore the rich intrinsic value of drug pairs and guide the application of clinical drug pairs. Methods: By systematically sorting out and analyzing the ancient Chinese medicine literature of TCM pairs, the compatibility law, prescriptions, pharmacological and pharmacological effects, chemical composition, different proportions,clinical application, data mining, toxicology and other aspects were analyzed. Results: The compatibility rules of classical famous prescriptions can be attributed to the treatment, four Qi, five flavors, ascending and descending,meridian attribution and drug toxicity, but the modern research of classical famous prescriptions is not perfect, especially the research of association rules and data mining and toxicology. Conclusion: As the key to the effectiveness of prescriptions, drug pairs play an important role in the literature research of the development of classical famous prescriptions.This paper analyses the general compatibility law of drug pairs, and systematically analyses the application thinking and modern research of representative drug pairs in the catalogue of classical famous prescriptions(the first batch), which further excavates the rich intrinsic value of drug pairs and provide some ideas and guidance for the literature research on the development of classical famous prescriptions.
引文
[1]国家中医药管理局.关于发布《古代经典名方目录(第一批)》的通知[EB/OL].http://kjs.satcm.gov.cn/zhengcewenjian/2018-04-16/7107.html,2018-04-13/2018-09-18.
[2]杨永菊,闵冬雨,张江,等.芍药甘草汤镇痛抗炎实验研究[J].辽宁中医药大学学报,2018,20(4):42-44.
[3]董雷,蔡宛如.芍药甘草汤对哮喘大鼠气道重塑的影响及相关机制研究[J].中药材,2016,39(4):887-890.
[4]朱飞叶,谢冠群,徐珊.芍药甘草汤对慢传输型便秘大鼠SCF/c-kit信号途径的影响[J].中华中医药杂志,2016,31(6):2331-2333.
[5]王君,戴丽,李鹏跃,等.芍药与甘草配伍协同增效作用的物质基础研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2014,20(11):83-86.
[6]唐雅男,杨燕云,张振秋.芍药甘草药对配伍前后次生物质含量变化的研究[J].辽宁中医杂志,2018,45(10):2143-2146,2237.
[7]胡蓉婉,沈岚,冯怡,等.甘草剂量变化对芍药甘草复方移行入血成分的药动学影响[J].药学学报,2011,46(3):329-332.
[8]蔡悦萍,张贵君,朱广伟,等.配伍比例及配伍组分对芍药甘草汤中9种药效组分的影响[J].药物分析杂志,2015,35(10):1770-1776.
[9]马婷婷,贺蕊,龚慕辛,等.不同配伍比例芍药甘草汤成分的肠吸收研究[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(21):4268-4274.
[10]熊述清,梁家芬,杨琳琳,等.禤国维运用芍药甘草汤治疗皮肤病经验介绍[J].新中医,2018,50(11):257-259.
[11]高洁,李浩.《金匮要略》中生姜、干姜与半夏的配伍运用[J].中医杂志,2015,56(7):628-630.
[12]史闰均.生姜对半夏所致刺激性炎症反应的影响[D].南京:南京中医药大学,2011.
[13]史闰均,吴皓,郁红礼,等.生姜解半夏毒的研究--生姜汁对半夏毒针晶所致炎性反应的影响[J].中药药理与临床,2010,26(4):42-44.
[14]马丹女.生姜半夏“药对”临床应用浅析[J].浙江中西医结合杂志,2010,20(1):42-43.
[15]刘静,傅杰,丁舸.试论麻黄、石膏核心药组在方剂配伍中的意义[J].中医研究,2013,26(10):50-51.
[16]闫明,张贝贝,任璐璐,等.经方中麻黄与石膏的配伍规律探析[J].上海中医药大学学报,2015,29(2):11-13,16.
[17]霍慧灵,李汉成,卫平,等.麻黄-石膏配伍前后麻黄类生物碱的血浆药动学和尿排泄特征的变化[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(5):963-970.
[18]霍慧灵.麻黄类药对组成规律的基础研究-麻黄石膏药对血药动力学、组织分布及排泄特征的研究[D].广州:南方医科大学,2015.
[19]霍慧灵,李汉成,任孟月,等.石膏用量对麻黄入血生物碱类的影响[J].中成药,2015,37(8):1689-1695.
[20]顾蘅,余晓玲,毛新颜,等.麻黄、石膏使用剂量在越婢汤中的临床应用[J].中医临床研究,2016,8(34):40-42.
[21]李晨光,贾波,张建伟.基于现代医案探讨麻黄与石膏的配伍特点[J].江西中医药,2010,41(8):20-22.
[22]党珏,李燕,刘美辰,等.大黄有效成分与附子有效成分配伍在Caco-2细胞模型上的转运分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2018,24(7):1-6.
[23]李燕,李芸霞,彭成,等.大黄附子配伍对附子总生物碱在阳虚便秘大鼠体内的药动学影响[J].辽宁中医杂志,2017,44(6):1275-1278,1116.
[24]李燕,李芸霞,袁岸,等.大黄附子成分配伍治疗大鼠阳虚便秘的整合药效学研究[J].辽宁中医杂志,2016,43(10):2206-2210.
[25]高鹏,叶祖光.附子大黄配伍减毒存效实验研究[J].中药新药与临床药理,2014,25(5):542-546.
[26]赵平.大黄附子不同配伍比例灌肠治疗慢性肾衰竭[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012,18(15):302-304.
[27]远颖,张增瑞,徐宗佩,等.附子大黄配伍的毒副作用研究[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2010,19(21):2625-2626.
[28]徐小娜,蒋军辉,王永生,等.GC-MS和HELP法分析药对陈皮-青皮与其单味药挥发油成分[J].分析测试学报,2012,31(10):1277-1281.
[29]邱蓉丽,吴玉兰,乐巍.陈皮、青皮中4种黄酮成分的比较研究[J].中成药,2015,37(1):149-153.
[30]许海燕,彭修娟,陈衍斌,等.基于网络药理学的“柴胡-黄芩”药对治疗糖尿病的“理法-方药-成分-靶标-活性”关联研究[J].药学学报,2018,53(9):1414-1421.
[31]王建婷,王上,刘松林,等.基于整合药理学平台的柴胡-黄芩药对抗抑郁的分子机制研究[J].中国中药杂志,2018,43(7):1323-1330.
[32]仝艳,李晓飞,王宪龄,等.柴胡-黄芩药对主要成分与环氧合酶-2的对接研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,19(11):148-151.
[33]罗兰,管淑玉.响应面法优化药对柴胡-黄芩的挥发油提取工艺及其化学成分GC-MS分析[J].中成药,2013,35(8):1657-1663.
[34]刘逢芹,常跃兴,刘田云,等.不同溶剂对黄芩-柴胡药对中的药效成分提出的影响[J].中药材,2009,32(6):900-903.
[35]陈慧慧,张敏,虞慧娟,等.柴胡和黄芩配伍解热抗炎作用研究[J].中成药,2011,33(9):1596-1598.
[36]孙付军,陈慧慧,王春芳,等.柴胡、黄芩药对利胆作用研究[J].中成药,2011,33(8):1418-1420.
[37]周丽萍,李国春,章宸一瑜,等.基于均匀设计法评价柴胡-黄芩的配伍比例及抗抑郁机制[J/OL].中国实验方剂学杂志:1-6[2019-01-12].https://doi.org/10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20190451.
[38]方永光,陈楠楠,李岩.基于数据挖掘分析黄世林教授治疗重症系统性红斑狼疮的用药规律[J].中国中医急症,2017,26(6):947-951,962.
[2]杨永菊,闵冬雨,张江,等.芍药甘草汤镇痛抗炎实验研究[J].辽宁中医药大学学报,2018,20(4):42-44.
[3]董雷,蔡宛如.芍药甘草汤对哮喘大鼠气道重塑的影响及相关机制研究[J].中药材,2016,39(4):887-890.
[4]朱飞叶,谢冠群,徐珊.芍药甘草汤对慢传输型便秘大鼠SCF/c-kit信号途径的影响[J].中华中医药杂志,2016,31(6):2331-2333.
[5]王君,戴丽,李鹏跃,等.芍药与甘草配伍协同增效作用的物质基础研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2014,20(11):83-86.
[6]唐雅男,杨燕云,张振秋.芍药甘草药对配伍前后次生物质含量变化的研究[J].辽宁中医杂志,2018,45(10):2143-2146,2237.
[7]胡蓉婉,沈岚,冯怡,等.甘草剂量变化对芍药甘草复方移行入血成分的药动学影响[J].药学学报,2011,46(3):329-332.
[8]蔡悦萍,张贵君,朱广伟,等.配伍比例及配伍组分对芍药甘草汤中9种药效组分的影响[J].药物分析杂志,2015,35(10):1770-1776.
[9]马婷婷,贺蕊,龚慕辛,等.不同配伍比例芍药甘草汤成分的肠吸收研究[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(21):4268-4274.
[10]熊述清,梁家芬,杨琳琳,等.禤国维运用芍药甘草汤治疗皮肤病经验介绍[J].新中医,2018,50(11):257-259.
[11]高洁,李浩.《金匮要略》中生姜、干姜与半夏的配伍运用[J].中医杂志,2015,56(7):628-630.
[12]史闰均.生姜对半夏所致刺激性炎症反应的影响[D].南京:南京中医药大学,2011.
[13]史闰均,吴皓,郁红礼,等.生姜解半夏毒的研究--生姜汁对半夏毒针晶所致炎性反应的影响[J].中药药理与临床,2010,26(4):42-44.
[14]马丹女.生姜半夏“药对”临床应用浅析[J].浙江中西医结合杂志,2010,20(1):42-43.
[15]刘静,傅杰,丁舸.试论麻黄、石膏核心药组在方剂配伍中的意义[J].中医研究,2013,26(10):50-51.
[16]闫明,张贝贝,任璐璐,等.经方中麻黄与石膏的配伍规律探析[J].上海中医药大学学报,2015,29(2):11-13,16.
[17]霍慧灵,李汉成,卫平,等.麻黄-石膏配伍前后麻黄类生物碱的血浆药动学和尿排泄特征的变化[J].中国中药杂志,2015,40(5):963-970.
[18]霍慧灵.麻黄类药对组成规律的基础研究-麻黄石膏药对血药动力学、组织分布及排泄特征的研究[D].广州:南方医科大学,2015.
[19]霍慧灵,李汉成,任孟月,等.石膏用量对麻黄入血生物碱类的影响[J].中成药,2015,37(8):1689-1695.
[20]顾蘅,余晓玲,毛新颜,等.麻黄、石膏使用剂量在越婢汤中的临床应用[J].中医临床研究,2016,8(34):40-42.
[21]李晨光,贾波,张建伟.基于现代医案探讨麻黄与石膏的配伍特点[J].江西中医药,2010,41(8):20-22.
[22]党珏,李燕,刘美辰,等.大黄有效成分与附子有效成分配伍在Caco-2细胞模型上的转运分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2018,24(7):1-6.
[23]李燕,李芸霞,彭成,等.大黄附子配伍对附子总生物碱在阳虚便秘大鼠体内的药动学影响[J].辽宁中医杂志,2017,44(6):1275-1278,1116.
[24]李燕,李芸霞,袁岸,等.大黄附子成分配伍治疗大鼠阳虚便秘的整合药效学研究[J].辽宁中医杂志,2016,43(10):2206-2210.
[25]高鹏,叶祖光.附子大黄配伍减毒存效实验研究[J].中药新药与临床药理,2014,25(5):542-546.
[26]赵平.大黄附子不同配伍比例灌肠治疗慢性肾衰竭[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012,18(15):302-304.
[27]远颖,张增瑞,徐宗佩,等.附子大黄配伍的毒副作用研究[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2010,19(21):2625-2626.
[28]徐小娜,蒋军辉,王永生,等.GC-MS和HELP法分析药对陈皮-青皮与其单味药挥发油成分[J].分析测试学报,2012,31(10):1277-1281.
[29]邱蓉丽,吴玉兰,乐巍.陈皮、青皮中4种黄酮成分的比较研究[J].中成药,2015,37(1):149-153.
[30]许海燕,彭修娟,陈衍斌,等.基于网络药理学的“柴胡-黄芩”药对治疗糖尿病的“理法-方药-成分-靶标-活性”关联研究[J].药学学报,2018,53(9):1414-1421.
[31]王建婷,王上,刘松林,等.基于整合药理学平台的柴胡-黄芩药对抗抑郁的分子机制研究[J].中国中药杂志,2018,43(7):1323-1330.
[32]仝艳,李晓飞,王宪龄,等.柴胡-黄芩药对主要成分与环氧合酶-2的对接研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,19(11):148-151.
[33]罗兰,管淑玉.响应面法优化药对柴胡-黄芩的挥发油提取工艺及其化学成分GC-MS分析[J].中成药,2013,35(8):1657-1663.
[34]刘逢芹,常跃兴,刘田云,等.不同溶剂对黄芩-柴胡药对中的药效成分提出的影响[J].中药材,2009,32(6):900-903.
[35]陈慧慧,张敏,虞慧娟,等.柴胡和黄芩配伍解热抗炎作用研究[J].中成药,2011,33(9):1596-1598.
[36]孙付军,陈慧慧,王春芳,等.柴胡、黄芩药对利胆作用研究[J].中成药,2011,33(8):1418-1420.
[37]周丽萍,李国春,章宸一瑜,等.基于均匀设计法评价柴胡-黄芩的配伍比例及抗抑郁机制[J/OL].中国实验方剂学杂志:1-6[2019-01-12].https://doi.org/10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20190451.
[38]方永光,陈楠楠,李岩.基于数据挖掘分析黄世林教授治疗重症系统性红斑狼疮的用药规律[J].中国中医急症,2017,26(6):947-951,962.