预辐照对铍在EDM-1中冲刷腐蚀的影响
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摘要
本文通过构建旋转式冲刷腐蚀实验装置来研究中子和γ预辐照对铍在EDM-1(1号电火花加工油)中冲刷腐蚀的影响。用天平测量铍试样质量变化,用扫描电子显微镜观察其微观形貌,用X射线光电子能谱仪分析表面成分。实验结果表明,在腐蚀前期以腐蚀介质与铍表面发生化学反应生成腐蚀产物为主,在腐蚀后期以腐蚀介质对铍的机械冲刷腐蚀为主;EDM-1中的硫元素在腐蚀过程中转变成氧化物SOx和SO2,分别以化学和物理吸附分布在腐蚀产物表面和内部;对比相同腐蚀条件下受不同预辐照铍试样的腐蚀程度,受单独γ预辐照的铍试样的腐蚀程度最大,受中子和γ共同预辐照的铍试样的次之,未经预辐照的铍试样的腐蚀程度最轻,表明预辐照促进了铍在EDM-1中的腐蚀。
The rotary corrosion experiment device was built to study the pre-irradiation effect on corrosion of Be in EDM-1(No.1electrical discharge machining oil).With the samples,the mass variations were measured by scales,the microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope and the composition was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,respectively.The results indicate that the chemical reaction between the Be and EDM-1is dominated and corrosive products are generated in the initial experimental stage.Then the mechanical scour becomes the main process in Be corrosion.SO_x and SO_2 are adsorbed chemically on the surface and physically in interior of the corrosive products,respectively.It is revealed that the degree of Be corrosion is serious,reasonable and weak respectively with pre-irradiation only byγ-rays,with preirradiation both by neutrons andγ-rays and without pre-irradiation.As a conclusion,the pre-irradiation can promote the corrosion of Be in EDM-1.
The rotary corrosion experiment device was built to study the pre-irradiation effect on corrosion of Be in EDM-1(No.1electrical discharge machining oil).With the samples,the mass variations were measured by scales,the microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope and the composition was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,respectively.The results indicate that the chemical reaction between the Be and EDM-1is dominated and corrosive products are generated in the initial experimental stage.Then the mechanical scour becomes the main process in Be corrosion.SO_x and SO_2 are adsorbed chemically on the surface and physically in interior of the corrosive products,respectively.It is revealed that the degree of Be corrosion is serious,reasonable and weak respectively with pre-irradiation only byγ-rays,with preirradiation both by neutrons andγ-rays and without pre-irradiation.As a conclusion,the pre-irradiation can promote the corrosion of Be in EDM-1.
引文
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[2]宁夏有色金属研究所.铍的应用[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1973:33-40.
[3]SPEER W,ES-SAID O S.Applications of an aluminum-beryllium composite for structural aerospace components[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2004,11(6):895-902.
[4]FRIDLYANDER I N.High-modulus aluminum alloys with beryllium and magnesium[J].Metal Science and Heat Treatment,2003,45(9-10):348-350.
[5]郑莉芳,纪全,王立,等.粉末冶金态铍在北京谱仪束流管中的应用[J].原子能科学技术,2008,42(1):87-91.ZHENG Lifang,JI Quan,WANG Li,et al.Application of powder metallurgy beryllium in Beijing SpectrometerⅢbeam pipe[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2008,42(1):87-91(in Chinese).
[6]魏光荣,张维杰.铝合金、铍和不锈钢在含硼、钆等水介质中的低温腐蚀行为的研究[J].核动力工程,1984,5(2):41-46.WEI Guangrong,ZHANG Weijie.Study on the low temperature corrosion behavior of Al,Be and stainless steel in the aqueous medium of boron and gadolinium[J].Nuclear Power Engineering,1984,5(2):41-46(in Chinese).
[7]机械工业仪器仪表综合技术经济研究所.JB/T7901—1999金属材料实验室均匀腐蚀全浸试验方法[S].北京:中国机械工业出版社,1999.
[8]王旭,刘臣,王兰芳,等.强流脉冲离子束辐照对不锈钢耐腐蚀性能的影响[J].强激光与粒子束,2007,19(5):845-848.WANG Xu,LIU Chen,WANG Lanfang,et al.Effect of strong flow pulse ion beam irradiation on the corrosion resistance of stainless steel[J].High Power Laser and Particle Beam,2007,19(5):845-848(in Chinese).
[9]RICHARDSON R C D.The maximum hardness of strained surfaces and the abrasive wear of metals and alloys[J].Wear,1967,10(5):353-382.
[10]RICHARDSON R C D.The wear of metals by relatively soft abrasives[J].Wear,1968,11(4):245-265.
[11]MOORE M A,KING F S.Abrasive wear of brittle solids[J].Wear,1980,60(1):123-140.
[12]MALLINSION C F,CASTLE J E,WATTS J F.The electron spectra of beryllium and beryllium oxide:An XPS,X-AES and AES study[J].Surface and Interface Analysis,2014,46(10-11):989-992.
[13]SAYAGO D I,SERRANO P,BHME O.Adosorption and desorption of SO2 on the TiO2(110)-(1×1)surface:A photoemission study[J].Physical Review B,2001,64(20):1-7.