基于IMPACT2002+的机械加工过程资源环境影响评价方法研究
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摘要
为了科学地反映机械加工过程资源、能源以及环境排放情况,提出一种基于CML2001中间类型方法和Eco-indicator99损害类型方法相结合的IMPACT2002+生命周期影响评价方法。通过对中间环境影响指标和4种环境损害指标进行分析,建立机械加工过程资源消耗和环境排放数据量化、分析与评价体系以及评价模型;通过中间类型影响和损害类型影响的对比分析,可以更好地反映机械加工过程中资源消耗和环境排放情况以及环境影响与工艺的关系。以某机床厂全数控凸轮轴磨床零件丝杆螺母座的制造工艺过程为例,验证了该评价模型与评价方法的可行性。
In order to scientifically reflect the resources and energy,and environmental emissions of machining process. The IMPACT2002 + life cycle impact assessment methodology proposes a combined of the CML2001 mid-point index method and Ecoindicator99 end-point index method. Through the analysis of intermediate environmental impact indicators and 4 kinds of environmental damage indicators,a data quantitative,analysis and evaluation system and evaluation model of resource consumption and environmental emissions of the machining process are established. Through the comparative analysis of the influence of intermediate types and damage types,it can better reflect the resource consumption and environmental emissions,and the relationship between environmental impact and process of machining. Feasibility of the model and method is verified by the manufacturing process of the lead screw nut seat of the CNC camshaft grinding machine in the machining tool factory.
In order to scientifically reflect the resources and energy,and environmental emissions of machining process. The IMPACT2002 + life cycle impact assessment methodology proposes a combined of the CML2001 mid-point index method and Ecoindicator99 end-point index method. Through the analysis of intermediate environmental impact indicators and 4 kinds of environmental damage indicators,a data quantitative,analysis and evaluation system and evaluation model of resource consumption and environmental emissions of the machining process are established. Through the comparative analysis of the influence of intermediate types and damage types,it can better reflect the resource consumption and environmental emissions,and the relationship between environmental impact and process of machining. Feasibility of the model and method is verified by the manufacturing process of the lead screw nut seat of the CNC camshaft grinding machine in the machining tool factory.
引文
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[3]张华,鄢威,江志刚.一种制造过程资源环境属性的综合评价模型及应用.全国高等学校制造自动化研究会第十三届学术年会论文集[C].[出版地不详]:全国高等学校制造自动化研究会,2011.
[4]岳文辉,王晓俊,韩自强.基于熵权法和TOPSIS的发动机关键零部件加工过程绿色特性评价[J].制造技术与机床,2013(12):36-39.
[5]岳文辉,韩自强,王晓俊.基于区间数的制造过程资源环境属性评价[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,28(3):22-25.
[6]JIANG Z G,ZHANG H,XIAO M.Analysis Model of Resource Consumption and Environmental Impact for Manufacturing Process[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2008,28(28):132-137.
[7]XUE H,KUMAR V,SUTHERLAND J W.Material flows and environmental impacts of manufacturing systems via aggregated input-output models[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2007,15(13):1349-1358.
[8]TAN Xianchun,LIU Fei,LIU Dacheng,et al.Improved methods for process route in enterprise production process in terms of SUS tainable development II[J].Tsinghua Scinece and Technology,2006,11(6):693-700.
[9]孟强,李方义,李静,等.基于绿色特征的方案设计快速生命周期评价方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2015,21(3):626-633.
[10]LI T,LIU Z C,ZHANG H C,et al.Environmental emissions and energy consumptions assessment ofadiesel engine from the life cycle perspective[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2013,53(16):7-12.
[11]刘志超.发动机原始制造与再制造全生命周期评价方法[D].大连:大连理工大学,2013.
[12]郭焱,刘红超,张茜,等.归果生命周期评价方法及应用[J].计算机集成制造系统,2014,20(3):661-665.
[13]姜雪,李小平,董珑丽,等.LCA在产品生命周期环境影响评价中的应用[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014(S2):188-191.
[14]JOLLIET O,MARGNI M,CHARLES R,et al.IMPACT2002+:A new life cycle impact assessment methodology[J].International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment,2003,8(6):324-330.
[15]佚名.节能减排综合性工作方案[J].有色冶金节能,2007(4):2-8.
[16]佚名.节能减排“十二五”规划[J].有色冶金节能,2012,28(5):1-8.
[17]李聪波,崔龙国,刘飞,等.基于广义边界的机械加工系统碳排放量化方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2013,19(9):2229-2236.
[18]杨建新.产品生命周期评价方法及应用[M].北京:气象出版社,2002.