刚果(金)某铜钴矿露天台阶爆破参数优化研究
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摘要
基于对露天台阶爆破过程典型阶段分解,提出将炮孔间距从6m降低至5.5m的优化设计方案。分别建立原方案和优化设计方案的准二维动力学计算模型,利用Lsdyna动力学分析程序进行了计算与对比分析。结果表明:拉槽阶段中,优化设计方案的拉槽中心点的最大拉应力从原方案的31MPa提高37MPa,更有利于拉槽的产生和扩展;逐孔爆破阶段中,优化设计方案降低了两自由面的交角,促进了反射应力波充分叠加,炮孔与自由面交点连线的中点的最大拉应力,从原方案的24MPa,提高至35MPa,改善了破碎效果。现场试验结果表明,优化设计方案爆破的爆堆块度均匀,降低了大块率。优化设计方案已被应用于生产实践,并取得了良好爆破效果。
Based on the decomposition of typical stages in open-pit bench blasting process,an optimal design scheme was proposed to narrow the hole spacing from 6 mto 5.5 m.The quasi-two-dimensional dynamic calculation models of original scheme and optimal design scheme were established,and the calculation and comparative analysis were carried out by using the Ls-dyna dynamic analysis program.The results showed that in the cutting stage,the maximum tensile stress of the center point for the optimal design scheme increased from 31 MPa of the original scheme to 37 MPa,which was more conducive to the generation and expansion of the cutting.In the hole-by-hole blasting stage,the intersection angle of the two free surfaces was reduced in the optimal design scheme,so as to promote the full superposition of reflected stress waves.And the maximum tensile stress of the center point between the hole and the intersection point of two free faces increased from 24 MPa to 35 MPa,which improved the crushing effect.The field test results showed that the blasting block size of the optimized blasting scheme was uniform and the block rate was reduced.The optimum design scheme had been applied to production practice,achieving a good blasting effect.
Based on the decomposition of typical stages in open-pit bench blasting process,an optimal design scheme was proposed to narrow the hole spacing from 6 mto 5.5 m.The quasi-two-dimensional dynamic calculation models of original scheme and optimal design scheme were established,and the calculation and comparative analysis were carried out by using the Ls-dyna dynamic analysis program.The results showed that in the cutting stage,the maximum tensile stress of the center point for the optimal design scheme increased from 31 MPa of the original scheme to 37 MPa,which was more conducive to the generation and expansion of the cutting.In the hole-by-hole blasting stage,the intersection angle of the two free surfaces was reduced in the optimal design scheme,so as to promote the full superposition of reflected stress waves.And the maximum tensile stress of the center point between the hole and the intersection point of two free faces increased from 24 MPa to 35 MPa,which improved the crushing effect.The field test results showed that the blasting block size of the optimized blasting scheme was uniform and the block rate was reduced.The optimum design scheme had been applied to production practice,achieving a good blasting effect.
引文
[1]胡存虎,张占昌.黑岱沟露天煤矿深孔台阶松动爆破参数优化研究[J].煤炭工程,2018(3):22-26.
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[4]高富强,张光雄,杨军.露天台阶爆破干扰降振作用机理及其应用[J].矿业研究与开发,2016,36(11):18-21.
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[8]刘忠强,张成良,李宗楠,等.基于ANSYS的石墨矿爆破优化数值分析[J].甘肃科学学报,2016(1):138-143.
[9]李长权,戚文革,李延春,等.宽孔距、小排距爆破技术在大黑山钼矿的应用[J].黄金,2011(7):36-39.
[2]姚显春,姚尧,郭炳煊,等.露天深孔台阶爆破设计参数的确定与协调探讨[J].爆破,2017(2):47-50.
[3]白玉莹,杨进成,张治强.中深孔多排微差爆破技术在华子峪镁矿的应用[J].黄金,2017(6):41-43+51.
[4]高富强,张光雄,杨军.露天台阶爆破干扰降振作用机理及其应用[J].矿业研究与开发,2016,36(11):18-21.
[5]李国平,杨伟,王华,等.露天台阶爆破炮孔路料堵塞工业试验研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2016,36(5):42-45.
[6]李佳,唐强,熊晓峰,等.Sino露天磁铁矿台阶爆破方案的确定[J].工程爆破,2016(4):61-66.
[7]张世琛,苟瑞君,马震宇,等.露天深孔台阶爆破参数优化设计[J].中北大学学报(自然科学版),2016(2):166-171.
[8]刘忠强,张成良,李宗楠,等.基于ANSYS的石墨矿爆破优化数值分析[J].甘肃科学学报,2016(1):138-143.
[9]李长权,戚文革,李延春,等.宽孔距、小排距爆破技术在大黑山钼矿的应用[J].黄金,2011(7):36-39.