我国大学规章制定权的法律规制研究
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摘要
大学规章制定权是指大学所拥有的、依照一定程序制定大学规章的权利;认为大学规章制定权在运行中存在若干"失范"的情形,表现为权利性规范与义务性规范的配置失衡,程序性规范与实体性规范的配置失衡,处分性规范与救济性规范的配置失衡等;探究其因,主要为自治立法权的不恰当使用,正当程序理念缺失,学术性规章与行政性规章混淆,制定技术粗糙等;提出对大学规章制定权失范进行规制的法律措施,树立依法治校和程序公正的理念,制定、完善大学章程以及必要的司法介入等。
The right of making university rules and regulations refers to the right conferred to a university of making its own rules and regulations according to certain procedures,the anomie of which can be manifested in the following ways:the misallocation of the norms of rights and those of obligations; the misallocation of procedure norms and entity norms;the misallocation of disposal norms and relief norms. The causes of the anomie include the followings: the replacement of autonomy of universities by national legislation; the abuse of legislative autonomy; the deficiency of the idea of the due procedure,the confusion of academic rules and regulations and administrative rules and regulations; the unscientific rule- making methods,and so on. The countermeasures can be taken in the follow aspects: the establishment of the idea of "rule of law",the development and perfection of university statutes,the establishment of the idea of procedural justice,necessary judicial intervention,and so on.
The right of making university rules and regulations refers to the right conferred to a university of making its own rules and regulations according to certain procedures,the anomie of which can be manifested in the following ways:the misallocation of the norms of rights and those of obligations; the misallocation of procedure norms and entity norms;the misallocation of disposal norms and relief norms. The causes of the anomie include the followings: the replacement of autonomy of universities by national legislation; the abuse of legislative autonomy; the deficiency of the idea of the due procedure,the confusion of academic rules and regulations and administrative rules and regulations; the unscientific rule- making methods,and so on. The countermeasures can be taken in the follow aspects: the establishment of the idea of "rule of law",the development and perfection of university statutes,the establishment of the idea of procedural justice,necessary judicial intervention,and so on.
引文
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1 Tinker v.Des Moines School Dist,393U.S.503(1969).
[2]中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定[N].人民日报,2013-11-16(01-03).
[3]中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定[N].光明日报,2014-10-29(01-03).
[4]中共教育部党组关于认真学习贯彻党的十八届四中全会精神的通知[N].中国教育报,2014-11-16(01).
[5]高景芳.大学规章法治化论要[J].复旦教育论坛,2009(3):54-58.
[6]别敦荣.中美大学学术管理[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,2000:63.
[7]倪洪涛.大学生学习权及其救济研究——以大学和学生的关系为中心[M].北京:法律出版社,2010.
[8]唐清利.寻找高校内部纠纷的处理规则:法律经济学视角下的私权与公权界限模糊领域[M].北京:法律出版社,2008.
[9]牛津法律大词典[M].北京:光明日报出版社,1989:764.
[10]张应强蒋华林.关于中国特色现代大学制度的理论认识[J].教育研究,2013(11):35-43.
[11]姚金菊.转型期的大学法治——兼论我国大学法的制定[M].北京:中国法制出版社,2007.
[12]习近平.关于《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》的说明[N].光明日报,2014-10-29(03).
[13]湛中乐赵玄.中国大学章程内容的缘法与求新[J].陕西师范大学学报,2014(2):33-41.
[14]丹尼尔·凯次.组织和系统观点[M]//国外组织理论精选.竹立家,李登样,译.北京:中共中央学校出版社,1997:10.
1 Tinker v.Des Moines School Dist,393U.S.503(1969).