拔榫状态下直榫节点滞回性能有限元分析
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摘要
榫头部分拔出是现存古建筑木结构榫卯节点的典型残损类型之一,对榫卯节点的滞回性能及整体结构的抗震性能有很大影响。以易于发生拔榫的直榫节点为研究对象,通过分析其在拔榫状态和未拔榫状态下的荷载传递机制,发现两者的受力机理相同。基于此建立了未拔榫状态下直榫节点的有限元分析模型,其弯矩-转角滞回性能模拟结果与已有试验结果的对比分析表明,所建有限元模型可行。在此基础上,通过定义拔榫程度为0、1/10、2/10和3/10,分析了拔榫量对直榫节点滞回性能的影响规律。结果表明:随着榫头拔出量的增大,节点的承载能力降低,变形能力变弱,抗震性能也有着不同程度的退化。所建有限元模型及其分析结果能够为拔榫状态下单向直榫节点的抗震分析及其震后修复加固提供有利参考。
The pullout of a tenon from the mortise which is one of the typical degradation types of ancient timber structures has significant influence on the seismic performance of the joints and structures. Straight mortise-tenon joints were selected as the object. The load transfer mechanism of such joints with and without pulled-out tenons was analyzed, and the same mechanical mechanism was found. A finite element model(FEM)used to simulate the joint without pulled-out tenons was established. The moment-rotation hysteretic curves from both FEM simulation and the results of a previous test by the authors were compared and they agreed well. The simulation results show that the strength and deformation of a joint with a pulled-out tenon decreases with the increase of the pulled-out length. The FEM and related analyses can provide good reference for the seismic analysis of ancient timber structures.
The pullout of a tenon from the mortise which is one of the typical degradation types of ancient timber structures has significant influence on the seismic performance of the joints and structures. Straight mortise-tenon joints were selected as the object. The load transfer mechanism of such joints with and without pulled-out tenons was analyzed, and the same mechanical mechanism was found. A finite element model(FEM)used to simulate the joint without pulled-out tenons was established. The moment-rotation hysteretic curves from both FEM simulation and the results of a previous test by the authors were compared and they agreed well. The simulation results show that the strength and deformation of a joint with a pulled-out tenon decreases with the increase of the pulled-out length. The FEM and related analyses can provide good reference for the seismic analysis of ancient timber structures.
引文
[1]姚侃,赵鸿铁,葛鸿鹏.古建木结构榫卯连接特性的试验研究[J].工程力学,2006,23(10):168―173.Yao Kan,Zhao Hongtie,Ge Hongpeng.Experimental studies on the characteristic of mortise-tenon joint in historic timber buildings[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(10):168―173.(in Chinese)
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[14]周乾,闫维明,纪金豹.木构古建梁柱节点拔榫过程数值模拟[J].山东建筑大学学报,2014,29(4):308―314.Zhou Qian,Yan Weiming,Ji Jinbao.Process of tenon pulled out of mortise of Chinese ancient beam-column joints by simulation[J].Journal of Shandong Jianzhu University,2014,29(4):308―314.(in Chinese)
[15]杨夏,郭小东,吴洋,等.基于脱榫状态的古建筑木结构燕尾榫节点试验研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,2015,27(1):54―58.Yang Xia,Guo Xiaodong,Wu Yang,et al,Experimental study on dovetail joint in historic timber buildings under the state of out of mortise[J].Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology,2015,27(1):54―58.(in Chinese)
[16]谢启芳,王龙,郑培君,等.传统木结构单向直榫节点转动弯矩-转角关系理论分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2017,44(7):111―117.Xie Qiang,Wang Long,Zheng Peijun,et al.Theoretical analysis on moment-rotation relationship of one-way straight mortise-tenon joints for Chinese traditional wooden buildings[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Science,2017,44(7):111―117.(in Chinese)
[17]陶俊林,蒋平,余作生.木材静压大变形本构关系研究[J].力学与实践,2000,22(5):25―27.Tao Junlin,Jiang Ping,Yu Zuosheng.On the static constitutive relation of wood with large deformation[J].Mechanicsin Engineering,2000,22(5):25―27.(in Chinese)
[18]Inayama M.Design of traditional otoshikomi shear wall[J].Perfect Menu for Seismic Wooden Houses Knowledge,2003:274―279.
[19]谢启芳,郑培君,崔雅珍,等.古建筑木结构直榫节点抗震性能研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2015,35(3):232―241.Xie Qifang,Zheng Peijun,Cui Yazhen,et al.Study on the seismic behavior of the straight mortise-tenon joints of ancient timber buildings[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2015,35(3):232―241.(in Chinese)
[2]谢启芳,杜彬,钱春宇,等.古建筑木结构燕尾榫节点弯矩-转角模型研究[J].工程力学,2016,33(8):39―44.Xie Qifang,Du Bin,Qian Chunyu.Study on the moment-rotation model of the dovetail mortise-tenon joint of ancient timber buildings[J].Engineering Mechanics,2016,33(8):39―44.(in Chinese)
[3]King W S,Richard Yen J Y,Alex Yen Y N.Joint characteristics of traditional Chinese wooden frames[J].Engineering Structures,1996,18(8):635―644.
[4]谢启芳,郑培君,向伟,等.残损古建筑木结构单向直榫榫卯节点抗震性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2014,35(11):143―150.Xie Qifang,Zheng Peijun,Xiang Wei,et al.Experimental study on aseismic behavior of damaged straight mortise-tenon joints of ancient timber buildings[J]Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(11):143―150.(in Chinese)
[5]Chang W S,Hsu M F,Komatsu K.Rotational performance of traditional Nuki joints with gapΙ:theory and verification[J].Journal of Wood Science,2006,52(1):58―62.
[6]Chang W S,Hsu M F.Rotational performance of traditional Nuki joints with gapΙΙ:the behavior of butted Nuki joints and its comparision with continuous Nuki joints[J].Journal of Wood Science,2007,53(5):401―407.
[7]李猛,陆伟东,刘开封.木构架榫卯节点滞回性能的数值模拟[J].南京工业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,37(3):125―129.Li Meng,Lu Weidong,Liu Kaifeng.Numerical simulation of hysteretic behavior of mortise and tenon joint in chuan-dou style wood Frame[J].Journal of Nanjing Tech University:Natural Science Edition,2015,37(3):125―129.(in Chinese)
[8]夏海伦.不同松动程度下古建筑透榫节点抗震性能试验研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2015.Xia Hailun.Experimental study on seismic behavior of through tenon joints under different looseness in ancient wooden buildings[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[9]李义柱.不同松动程度下古建筑燕尾榫节点抗震性能试验研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2015.Xia Hailun.Experimental study on seismic behavior of dovetail mortise-tenon joints under different loose degrees in ancient wooden buildings[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[10]康昆,乔冠峰,陈金永,等.榫卯间隙对古建筑木结构燕尾榫节点承载性能影响的有限元分析[J].中国科技论文,2016,11(1):38―42.Kang Kun,Qiao Guanfeng,Chen Yong,et al.The influence of gap between tenon and mortise on the bearing behavior of the dovetail joints in ancient timber structure by finite element analysis[J].China Science Paper,2016,11(1):38―42.(in Chinese)
[11]Ogawa K,Sasaki Y,Yamasaki M.Theoretical estimation of the mechanical performance of traditional mortisetenon joint involving a gap[J].Journal of Wood Science,2016,62(3):242―250.
[12]许涛,张玉敏,宋晓胜.拔榫状态下的古建筑木结构透榫节点试验[J].河北联合大学学报:自然科学版,2014,36(1):92―96.Xu Tao,Zhang Yumin,Song Xiaosheng.Experimental study on dovetail joint in historic timber buildings under the state of out of mortise[J].Journal of Hebei United University:Natural Science Edition,2014,36(1):92―96.(in Chinese)
[13]吴洋,郭小东,宋晓胜,等.拔榫状态下古建筑燕尾榫节点性能试验研究[J].广西大学学报:自然科学版,2014,39(1):43―47.Wu Yang,Guo Xiaodong,Song Xiaosheng,et al.Experimental study on mechanical behavior of dovetail joint in historic buildings out of mortise[J].Journal of Guangxi University:Natural Science Edition,2014,39(1):43―47.(in Chinese)
[14]周乾,闫维明,纪金豹.木构古建梁柱节点拔榫过程数值模拟[J].山东建筑大学学报,2014,29(4):308―314.Zhou Qian,Yan Weiming,Ji Jinbao.Process of tenon pulled out of mortise of Chinese ancient beam-column joints by simulation[J].Journal of Shandong Jianzhu University,2014,29(4):308―314.(in Chinese)
[15]杨夏,郭小东,吴洋,等.基于脱榫状态的古建筑木结构燕尾榫节点试验研究[J].文物保护与考古科学,2015,27(1):54―58.Yang Xia,Guo Xiaodong,Wu Yang,et al,Experimental study on dovetail joint in historic timber buildings under the state of out of mortise[J].Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology,2015,27(1):54―58.(in Chinese)
[16]谢启芳,王龙,郑培君,等.传统木结构单向直榫节点转动弯矩-转角关系理论分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2017,44(7):111―117.Xie Qiang,Wang Long,Zheng Peijun,et al.Theoretical analysis on moment-rotation relationship of one-way straight mortise-tenon joints for Chinese traditional wooden buildings[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Science,2017,44(7):111―117.(in Chinese)
[17]陶俊林,蒋平,余作生.木材静压大变形本构关系研究[J].力学与实践,2000,22(5):25―27.Tao Junlin,Jiang Ping,Yu Zuosheng.On the static constitutive relation of wood with large deformation[J].Mechanicsin Engineering,2000,22(5):25―27.(in Chinese)
[18]Inayama M.Design of traditional otoshikomi shear wall[J].Perfect Menu for Seismic Wooden Houses Knowledge,2003:274―279.
[19]谢启芳,郑培君,崔雅珍,等.古建筑木结构直榫节点抗震性能研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2015,35(3):232―241.Xie Qifang,Zheng Peijun,Cui Yazhen,et al.Study on the seismic behavior of the straight mortise-tenon joints of ancient timber buildings[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,2015,35(3):232―241.(in Chinese)