黏虫蛹性别的快速鉴别方法
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摘要
根据黏虫Mythimna separata(Walker)蛹生殖孔的位置、腹部腹节的外部形态学特征、生殖孔(产卵孔)至排泄孔之间的距离,快速、准确鉴别黏虫蛹性别。雌蛹第8腹节腹面中央的生殖孔与第9腹节的产卵孔连接形成一纵裂缝,裂缝两侧平坦,无突起。生殖孔下端与第9腹节的前缘连接、产卵孔下端与第10腹节的前缘连接,形成2个明显的"人"字纹。雄蛹第8腹节无纵裂缝,在第9腹节腹面中央的生殖孔呈现的纵裂缝连接第10腹节,裂缝两边各有一个半圆形瘤状突起。雌雄蛹排泄孔均在第10腹节腹面,雌蛹产卵孔下端至排泄孔上端之间的距离为(400.85±151.10)μm,雄蛹生殖孔下端至排泄孔上端之间的距离为(178.21±93.59)μm,约为雌蛹相应距离的一半。采用该方法观察的270头羽化蛹的性别鉴别准确率100%。该方法对于快速鉴别黏虫蛹的性别、开展黏虫相关的生物学研究以及预测预报等具有重要的参考价值。
Based on the position of gonopore, the morphology of the 8 th, 9 th and 10 th abdominal segments, and the distance between gonopore or oviposition hole and anus, a method for rapid and accurate sex identification of Mythimna separata(Walker) pupae was described. The female pupa has a longitudinal crack from gonopore in the middle of the 8 th abdominal segments to oviposition hole in 9 th abdominal segments. Both sides of the crack are flat and without humps. The bottom of the gonopore was connected with the front of the 9 th abdominal segment, and the bottom of the oviposition pore was connected with the front of the 10 th abdominal segment, forming two obvious herringbone patterns. The male pupa has no crack on the 8 th abdominal segment, but a longitudinal gonopore crack from the middle of 9 th abdominal segment to the margin of the 10 th abdominal segment. There is a visible lump on both sides of the crack, respectively. The anus of female and male are all on the 10 th abdominal segment. The distance from the margin of the oviposition hole to the anus in the female pupae(400.85 μm±151.10 μm) is two times longer of that from the gonopore to the anus in the male(178.21 μm±93.59 μm). The sex of observed 270 pupae was identified accurately with this method. The method is useful for rapid sex identification of M.separata pupae, biological research on M.separata and prediction of population dynamics.
Based on the position of gonopore, the morphology of the 8 th, 9 th and 10 th abdominal segments, and the distance between gonopore or oviposition hole and anus, a method for rapid and accurate sex identification of Mythimna separata(Walker) pupae was described. The female pupa has a longitudinal crack from gonopore in the middle of the 8 th abdominal segments to oviposition hole in 9 th abdominal segments. Both sides of the crack are flat and without humps. The bottom of the gonopore was connected with the front of the 9 th abdominal segment, and the bottom of the oviposition pore was connected with the front of the 10 th abdominal segment, forming two obvious herringbone patterns. The male pupa has no crack on the 8 th abdominal segment, but a longitudinal gonopore crack from the middle of 9 th abdominal segment to the margin of the 10 th abdominal segment. There is a visible lump on both sides of the crack, respectively. The anus of female and male are all on the 10 th abdominal segment. The distance from the margin of the oviposition hole to the anus in the female pupae(400.85 μm±151.10 μm) is two times longer of that from the gonopore to the anus in the male(178.21 μm±93.59 μm). The sex of observed 270 pupae was identified accurately with this method. The method is useful for rapid sex identification of M.separata pupae, biological research on M.separata and prediction of population dynamics.
引文
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[2] 江幸福,张蕾,程云霞,等.我国粘虫发生危害新特点及趋势分析[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(6):1444-1449.
[3] 邹树文.古书上的虸蚄(即今粘虫)及其为害情况与防治经验考[J].昆虫知识,1956(12):241-246.
[4] 叶志华.浅谈我国植物保护学科的现状与发展前景[J].植物保护,1992(5):33-34.
[5] 郑傲冰,翟保平.粘虫抗寒力的初步研究[J].应用昆虫学报,2017,54(5):831-837.
[6] 张云慧,张智,姜玉英,等.2012年三代粘虫大发生原因初步分析[J].植物保护,2012,38(5):1-8.
[7] 姜玉英,李春广,曾娟,等.我国粘虫发生概况:60年回顾[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(4):890-898.
[8] 李云瑞,仵均祥,杨长举,等.农业昆虫学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:131-135.
[9] 赵琦,张云慧,刘怀,等.鉴别旋幽夜蛾雌雄蛹的方法[J].应用昆虫学报,2011,48(6):1879-1881.
[10] 林威鹏,彭莉,肖桃艳,等.一种鉴别斜纹夜蛾蛹及成虫雌雄的简易方法[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,37(3):685-687.
[11] 赵晓峰,杨安頔,张茂新.一种快速鉴别甜菜夜蛾蛹及成虫雌雄的简易方法[J].环境昆虫学报,2016,38(5):1066-1070.
[12] 刘怡,李莉玲,卢进,等.黑肾卷裙夜蛾雌雄蛹和成虫的鉴别[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(3):318-319.
[13] 崔俊芝,葛斯琴.图像处理软件Adobe Photoshop和Adobe Illustrator在昆虫绘图及图像处理中的应用[J].应用昆虫学报,2012,49(5):1406-1411.
[14] 文丽萍,周大荣,王振营,等.亚洲玉米螟越冬幼虫存活和滞育解除与水分摄入的关系[J].昆虫学报,2000,43(5):284-288.