大豆油制备生物柴油KF/ZrO_2固体碱催化剂性能研究
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摘要
采用浸渍法制备了KF/ZrO_2固体碱催化剂,考察了焙烧温度、负载量、醇油物质的量比和催化剂用量等因素对催化剂性能的影响。XRD表征表明,活性组分在载体表面高度分散,ZrO_2以单斜晶相形式存在,表现出较好的催化活性。对催化剂性能进行测试表明,焙烧温度为500℃,负载量为ZrO_2质量的40%时活性最佳。通过考察酯交换反应的影响因素可知,在醇油物质的量的比为10∶1、催化剂质量为大豆油质量的3%、60℃反应4 h时,生物柴油的最高产率达到89.3%。
KF/ZrO_2 solid alkaline catalysts are prepared by the immersion method and the effects of the calcination temperature,KF loading amount,molar ratio of alcohol to oil and mass ratio of catalyst to oil on the properties of catalysts are investigated. XRD characterization shows that ZrO_2 exists in the form of monoclinic crystal phase and the active components disperse highly on the surface of carrier,which represents a good catalytic activity. The results indicate that the catalytic activity is the best when calcination temperature is at 500℃ and KF loading amount is 40% of ZrO_2. The yield of biodiesel reaches 89. 3%,the highest,when the molar ratio of alcohol to soybean oil is 10 ∶ 1,and mass ratio of catalyst to soybean oil is 3% and reaction lasts for 6 h at 60℃.
KF/ZrO_2 solid alkaline catalysts are prepared by the immersion method and the effects of the calcination temperature,KF loading amount,molar ratio of alcohol to oil and mass ratio of catalyst to oil on the properties of catalysts are investigated. XRD characterization shows that ZrO_2 exists in the form of monoclinic crystal phase and the active components disperse highly on the surface of carrier,which represents a good catalytic activity. The results indicate that the catalytic activity is the best when calcination temperature is at 500℃ and KF loading amount is 40% of ZrO_2. The yield of biodiesel reaches 89. 3%,the highest,when the molar ratio of alcohol to soybean oil is 10 ∶ 1,and mass ratio of catalyst to soybean oil is 3% and reaction lasts for 6 h at 60℃.
引文
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[3]田志茗,赵江山.固体碱KF/Al2O3的制备及其酯交换催化性能[J].石油化工,2012,41(12):1363-1367.
[4]李晓红.氟化钾/镍铝复合氧化物的制备及催化合成生物柴油[J].可再生能源,2015,33(9):1415-1421.
[5]王健,李会鹏赵华,等.K2O/Na2O-SBA-15催化大豆油合成生物柴油工艺条件优化[J].石化技术与应用,2014,32(2):127-130.
[6]侯谦奋,张前前,李铁,等.纳米Zn O-La2O3固体碱的制备及其催化废弃煎炸油制备生物柴油[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2014,44(4):64-71.
[7]蔡钒,张彬彬,林静,等.酯交换生物柴油的Ca O固体碱催化剂[J].物理化学学报,2008,24(10):1817-1823.
[8]魏一伦,曹毅,朱建华,等.Mg O/SBA-15固体碱材料的研制[J].无机化学学报,2003,19(3):233-239.
[9]Radwan Nagi R E.Influence of La2O3and Zr O2as promoters on surface and catalytic properties of Cu O/Mg O system prepared by sol-gel method[J].Applied Catalysis A:General,2006,299:103-121.
[10]王进,程栖桐,常飞琴,等.K2CO3/γ-Al2O3催化连续双酯交换反应体系制备生物柴油[J].应用化工,2017,46(1):116-119.
[11]刘伟伟,苏有勇,张无敌,等.生物柴油中甘油含量测定方法的研究[J].可再生能源,2005,121(3):14-16.
[12]陈杰博,苏金为,祁建民,等.纳米固体碱Ca O-Zr O2催化红麻籽油制备生物柴油[J].应用化学,2011,28(3):267-271.
[13]陈杰博,苏金为,祁建民,等.介孔固体碱KNO3/Zr O2的制备及催化红麻籽油制备生物柴油[J].化工进展,2010,29:162
[14]李为臻,刘海超.溶剂热法合成纯单斜和四方晶相氧化锆中的溶剂效应[J].物理化学学报,2008,24(12):2172-2178.