高频电磁法检测地下管线周边地质病害体的应用研究
|
摘要
地下管线是城市生存和发展的基础,近年来随着城市地下空间的开发利用,管线周边形成了各种各样的地质病害体.为了有效预防这些病害体对地下管线安全运行的影响,本文在分析高频电磁波传播机理及影响因素基础上,研究了利用探地雷达检测地下管线周边病害体的技术方法.探地雷达工作参数的配置选择、干扰波的有效处理及雷达图像的精准识别是检测地质病害体的关键,重点从这三个方面进行了分析研究.天线中心频率、采样率、测点点距等工作参数最佳优化组合,确保了检测检测目标体的效果;增益调整、频率滤波、点平均等对干扰波的处理,有助于获得高信噪比,可获得高分辨率的雷达图像;根据雷达剖面图上异常波形特征来判断识别脱空、空洞、疏松体和富水体等地下病害体的位置及大小.这些问题的解决可为探地雷达检测病害体提供可靠技术支撑.最后结合工程实例,与其他方法对异常体的对比分析,验证了高频电磁法在检测地下病害体的的可行有效性,也为开展地下管线周边病害体的治理提供了科学依据.
Underground pipelines are the basis for urban survival and development. In recent years, with the development and utilization of urban underground space, various geological diseases have been formed around pipelines.In order to effectively prevent the influence of these diseases on the safe operation of underground pipelines, the dissemination mechanism and influencing factors of high frequency electromagnetic wave are analyzed in this paper.This paper also studies the technical method of using Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) to detect the diseases around underground pipelines.The key to detect geological diseases is the selection of working parameters of ground penetrating radar, the effective processing of jamming waves and the accurate recognition of radar images.This paper focuses on the analysis and research from these three aspects.The optimal combination of antenna central frequency, sampling rate and measuring point distance ensures the detection effect of target.The processing of jamming wave by gain adjustment, frequency filtering and point average is helpful to obtain high signal-to-noise ratio and high resolution radar image.Based on the abnormal waveform characteristics of radar profiles, the location and size of underground diseases such as voids, voids, loose bodies and water-rich bodies can be identified.The solution of these problems can provide reliable technical support for ground penetrating radar detection of disease bodies.Finally, the feasibility and validity of high frequency electromagnetic method in detecting underground disease bodies are verified by comparing with other methods and combining with engineering examples. It also provides a scientific basis for the treatment of the surrounding disease bodies of underground pipelines.
Underground pipelines are the basis for urban survival and development. In recent years, with the development and utilization of urban underground space, various geological diseases have been formed around pipelines.In order to effectively prevent the influence of these diseases on the safe operation of underground pipelines, the dissemination mechanism and influencing factors of high frequency electromagnetic wave are analyzed in this paper.This paper also studies the technical method of using Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) to detect the diseases around underground pipelines.The key to detect geological diseases is the selection of working parameters of ground penetrating radar, the effective processing of jamming waves and the accurate recognition of radar images.This paper focuses on the analysis and research from these three aspects.The optimal combination of antenna central frequency, sampling rate and measuring point distance ensures the detection effect of target.The processing of jamming wave by gain adjustment, frequency filtering and point average is helpful to obtain high signal-to-noise ratio and high resolution radar image.Based on the abnormal waveform characteristics of radar profiles, the location and size of underground diseases such as voids, voids, loose bodies and water-rich bodies can be identified.The solution of these problems can provide reliable technical support for ground penetrating radar detection of disease bodies.Finally, the feasibility and validity of high frequency electromagnetic method in detecting underground disease bodies are verified by comparing with other methods and combining with engineering examples. It also provides a scientific basis for the treatment of the surrounding disease bodies of underground pipelines.
引文
Bai Z X,Liu Y,Feng X,et al. 2007. Study on Reflected Image Characteristics of High Frequency Electromagnetic Waves on Different Targets [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese). 22(5):1552-1557,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2007.05.031.白朝旭,刘洋,冯晅,等. 2007.高频电磁波在不同目标体上反射图像特征研究[J]. 地球物理学进展,22(5): 1552-1557,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2007.05.031.
Cao L. 2012. Study on Geological Environment Recognition,Evaluation and Modeling of Urban Underground Space Development [Ph.D. thesis]. Nanjing University.曹亮. 2012. 城市地下空间开发的地质环境识别评价与建模研究[博士论文]. 南京大学.
Chen C Y,Xiao M,Jia H,et al. 2013. The Genesis of Urban Underground Roads Diseases and Classification of Engineer [J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping (in Chinese),(s2): 5-9.陈昌彦,肖敏,贾辉,等. 2013. 城市道路地下病害成因及基于综合探测的工程分类探讨[J]. 测绘通报,(s2): 5-9.
Deng S K. Basic Principles for Selecting Field Operating Parameters of Ground Penetrating Radar[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics | Chin J Eng Geophys. 2005,2(5):323-329.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7940.2005.05.001.邓世坤. 2005. 探地雷达野外工作参数选择的基本原则[J]. 工程地球物理学报,2(5): 323-329,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7940.2005.05.001.
Fang H. 2005. Study on the relationship between medium inhomogeneity and ground penetrating radar signal [Ph.D. thesis]. China University of Geosciences(Beijing).方慧. 2005. 介质不均匀性与探地雷达信号关系研究[博士论文]. 中国地质大学(北京).
Han F,Li Y J. 2002. Spectrum Distortion and Sampling Theorem at Nyquist Sampling Frequency [J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia University of Technology(Natural science edition) (in Chinese). 21(4): 298-301,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5167-B.2002.04.014.韩峰,李义军. 2002. Nyquist采样频率下的频谱失真与采样定理[J]. 内蒙古工业大学学报(自然科学版),21(4): 298-301,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5167-B.2002.04.014.
Lai L B,Chen C Y,Zhang H,et al. 2016. Application of shallow transient electromagnetic method in the detection of city road disease [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),31(6): 2743-2746,doi: 10.6038/pg20160652.赖刘保,陈昌彦,张辉,等. 2016. 浅层瞬变电磁法在城市道路地下病害检测中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展,31(6): 2743-2746,doi: 10.6038/pg20160652.
Luo H L,Wen S C,Fang A L,et al. 2009. Anomalous Phenomena of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Supernormal Media with Arbitrary Orientation of Optical Axis [J]. Acta Physica Sinica (in Chinese),58(3): 1765-1772,doi: 10.7498/aps.58.1765.罗海陆,文双春,方安乐,等. 2009. 超常介质中光轴任意取向时电磁波传播的反常现象研究[J]. 物理学报,58(3): 1765-1772,doi: 10.7498/aps.58.1765.
Wu N,Wu J,Wu Z J,et al. 2018. Time-spectrum decomposition rearrangement algorithm for ground penetrating radar signal denoising [J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration (in Chinese),42(1): 220-224.吴楠,吴舰,吴志坚. 2018. 探地雷达信号消噪中的时频谱分解重排算法[J]. 物探与化探,42(1): 220-224.
Xu J D,Chen C G. 2007. GPR transceiver antenna polarization direction changes its response to the impact of electromagnetic waves [J]. Highway Engineering (in Chinese),32(6): 137-140,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674- 0610.2007.06.034.徐建东,陈超纲. 2007. 探地雷达收发天线极化方向变化对其电磁波响应的影响[J]. 公路工程,32(6): 137-140,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674- 0610.2007.06.034.
Zhao C Y,D S,Zhao S Q,et al. 2018. Research on Extraction Technology of Ground Penetrating Radar Layer Thickness [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),33(1): 441- 444,doi: 10.6038/pg2018AA0555.赵常要,窦顺,赵守全,等. 2018. 探地雷达层厚度值提取技术研究[J]. 地球物理学进展,33(1): 441- 444,doi: 10.6038/pg2018AA0555.
Cao L. 2012. Study on Geological Environment Recognition,Evaluation and Modeling of Urban Underground Space Development [Ph.D. thesis]. Nanjing University.曹亮. 2012. 城市地下空间开发的地质环境识别评价与建模研究[博士论文]. 南京大学.
Chen C Y,Xiao M,Jia H,et al. 2013. The Genesis of Urban Underground Roads Diseases and Classification of Engineer [J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping (in Chinese),(s2): 5-9.陈昌彦,肖敏,贾辉,等. 2013. 城市道路地下病害成因及基于综合探测的工程分类探讨[J]. 测绘通报,(s2): 5-9.
Deng S K. Basic Principles for Selecting Field Operating Parameters of Ground Penetrating Radar[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics | Chin J Eng Geophys. 2005,2(5):323-329.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7940.2005.05.001.邓世坤. 2005. 探地雷达野外工作参数选择的基本原则[J]. 工程地球物理学报,2(5): 323-329,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7940.2005.05.001.
Fang H. 2005. Study on the relationship between medium inhomogeneity and ground penetrating radar signal [Ph.D. thesis]. China University of Geosciences(Beijing).方慧. 2005. 介质不均匀性与探地雷达信号关系研究[博士论文]. 中国地质大学(北京).
Han F,Li Y J. 2002. Spectrum Distortion and Sampling Theorem at Nyquist Sampling Frequency [J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia University of Technology(Natural science edition) (in Chinese). 21(4): 298-301,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5167-B.2002.04.014.韩峰,李义军. 2002. Nyquist采样频率下的频谱失真与采样定理[J]. 内蒙古工业大学学报(自然科学版),21(4): 298-301,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5167-B.2002.04.014.
Lai L B,Chen C Y,Zhang H,et al. 2016. Application of shallow transient electromagnetic method in the detection of city road disease [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),31(6): 2743-2746,doi: 10.6038/pg20160652.赖刘保,陈昌彦,张辉,等. 2016. 浅层瞬变电磁法在城市道路地下病害检测中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展,31(6): 2743-2746,doi: 10.6038/pg20160652.
Luo H L,Wen S C,Fang A L,et al. 2009. Anomalous Phenomena of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Supernormal Media with Arbitrary Orientation of Optical Axis [J]. Acta Physica Sinica (in Chinese),58(3): 1765-1772,doi: 10.7498/aps.58.1765.罗海陆,文双春,方安乐,等. 2009. 超常介质中光轴任意取向时电磁波传播的反常现象研究[J]. 物理学报,58(3): 1765-1772,doi: 10.7498/aps.58.1765.
Wu N,Wu J,Wu Z J,et al. 2018. Time-spectrum decomposition rearrangement algorithm for ground penetrating radar signal denoising [J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration (in Chinese),42(1): 220-224.吴楠,吴舰,吴志坚. 2018. 探地雷达信号消噪中的时频谱分解重排算法[J]. 物探与化探,42(1): 220-224.
Xu J D,Chen C G. 2007. GPR transceiver antenna polarization direction changes its response to the impact of electromagnetic waves [J]. Highway Engineering (in Chinese),32(6): 137-140,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674- 0610.2007.06.034.徐建东,陈超纲. 2007. 探地雷达收发天线极化方向变化对其电磁波响应的影响[J]. 公路工程,32(6): 137-140,doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674- 0610.2007.06.034.
Zhao C Y,D S,Zhao S Q,et al. 2018. Research on Extraction Technology of Ground Penetrating Radar Layer Thickness [J]. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),33(1): 441- 444,doi: 10.6038/pg2018AA0555.赵常要,窦顺,赵守全,等. 2018. 探地雷达层厚度值提取技术研究[J]. 地球物理学进展,33(1): 441- 444,doi: 10.6038/pg2018AA0555.