镉胁迫对洋常春藤生长及生理特性的影响
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摘要
以当年生洋常春藤扦插苗为研究对象,用CdCl_2溶液对其进行镉胁迫处理,研究不同浓度镉胁迫对其生长形态和抗氧化酶系统的影响。结果表明:在20μmol/L和80μmol/L镉胁迫处理下,洋常春藤生长及生物量累积受影响较小,其根系和节间出现不明显的伸长,超氧阴离子、丙二醛含量差异不显著,但在80μmol/L镉胁迫下,过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性比对照分别升高5和6倍。在400μmol/L镉胁迫下,其株高、节间长、叶片数以及叶生物量与对照相比均显著降低,而超氧阴离子和丙二醛的含量分别比对照增加72.3%和56.2%;可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量、抗坏血酸过氧化酶和过氧化物酶活性均显著增加,分别比对照高了约2倍、6倍、2倍和14.7倍,说明此时渗透调节物质的累积及抗氧化酶活性的提高不足以缓解高镉胁迫造成的过氧化伤害。可见,洋常春藤可通过调节部分渗透物质如可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量,以及调控抗氧化酶系统中的过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性等来抵抗较低浓度的镉胁迫。
Taking Hedera helix cutting seedlings of the year as the research object, the CdCl_2 solution was used for stress treatment. The effects of different concentrations of cadmium stress on growth morphology and antioxidant enzyme system were studied. Results show that under Cd~(2+) stress treatment of 20 μmol/L and 80 μmol/L,the growth and biomass accumulation of H. helix are less affected. there is no significant elongation of shoots and internode of H. helix. and the difference in superoxide anion and malondialdehyde content was not significant.However, catalase and peroxidase activities are 5 and 6 times higher than the control under 80 μmol/L Cd~(2+) stress,respectively. Under the stress of 400 μmol/L Cd~(2+), the plant height, internode length, leaf number and leaf biomass are significantly lower than the control, while the content of superoxide anion and malondialdehyde increased by 72.3% and 56.2%, respectively. Soluble protein, proline content, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase activities increase significantly, about 2 times, 6 times, 2 times and 14.7 times higher than the control, respectively. It indicates that the accumulation of osmotic adjustment substances and the increase of antioxidant enzyme activity at this time are not enough to alleviate the peroxidation damage caused by high Cd~(2+) stress. It can be seen that H. helix can resist lower concentrations of Cd~(2+) stress by regulating partial osmotic substances such as soluble protein, proline content, and regulating catalase and peroxidase activities in antioxidant enzyme systems.
Taking Hedera helix cutting seedlings of the year as the research object, the CdCl_2 solution was used for stress treatment. The effects of different concentrations of cadmium stress on growth morphology and antioxidant enzyme system were studied. Results show that under Cd~(2+) stress treatment of 20 μmol/L and 80 μmol/L,the growth and biomass accumulation of H. helix are less affected. there is no significant elongation of shoots and internode of H. helix. and the difference in superoxide anion and malondialdehyde content was not significant.However, catalase and peroxidase activities are 5 and 6 times higher than the control under 80 μmol/L Cd~(2+) stress,respectively. Under the stress of 400 μmol/L Cd~(2+), the plant height, internode length, leaf number and leaf biomass are significantly lower than the control, while the content of superoxide anion and malondialdehyde increased by 72.3% and 56.2%, respectively. Soluble protein, proline content, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase activities increase significantly, about 2 times, 6 times, 2 times and 14.7 times higher than the control, respectively. It indicates that the accumulation of osmotic adjustment substances and the increase of antioxidant enzyme activity at this time are not enough to alleviate the peroxidation damage caused by high Cd~(2+) stress. It can be seen that H. helix can resist lower concentrations of Cd~(2+) stress by regulating partial osmotic substances such as soluble protein, proline content, and regulating catalase and peroxidase activities in antioxidant enzyme systems.
引文
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[2]王皙玮,王秋红,於丽华.土壤重金属污染及对生物体影响的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(19):86-92.
[3]杨启良,武振中,陈金陵,等.植物修复重金属污染土壤的研究现状及其水肥调控技术展望[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(6):1075-1084.
[4]赵纪新,尹鹏程,岳荣,等.我国农田土壤重金属污染现状.来源及修复技术研究综述[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(4):19-21.
[5]李婧,周艳文,陈森,等.我国土壤镉污染现状危害、及其治理方法综述[J].安徽农学通报,2015,21(24):104-107.
[6]杨学乐,何录秋,刘寿明,等.向日葵、油菜对镉胁迫反应及对镉污染土地修复作用研究进展[J].作物研究,2017,31(1):93-98.
[7]董春燕.镉胁迫对三叶草种子形态指标、光合色素含量及没活性的影响[J].西部林业科学,2018,47(6):35-39,44.
[8]陈斯佳,庞恩.我国土壤污染现状及污染防治制度概况[J].科技与创新,2016(9):32-34.
[9]邹照,刘胜强,任雪菲,等.农田重金属污染防治技术探讨[J].中国环保产业,2017(1):66-68.
[10]黄成林,傅松玲,梁淑云,等.五种攀缘植物光合作用与光因子关系的初步研究[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(7):1131-1134.
[11]赵和文,崔金腾,王杰,等.干旱胁迫下常春藤响应的生理生化机制[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(7):12-19.
[12]孙化鹏,阮琴妹,钟晓红,等.洋常春藤及其栽培品种的HPLC-UV指纹图谱和质量评价研究[J].中草药,2015,46(18):2794-2799.
[13]孙化鹏,阮琴妹,曹雄军,等.洋常春藤皂苷类化合物代谢累积规律研究[J].中草药,2016,47(16):2916-2920.
[14]张觉,吴初平,沈柏春,等.干旱胁迫对不同栽培基质下常春藤光合特性的影响[J].浙江林业科技,2018,38(1):69-76.
[15]张二海,张文静,雒新艳.不同灭菌剂对洋常春藤夏季扦插成活率的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(2):168-169.
[16]顾建中,钱美均.常春藤轻简化栽培技术探讨[J].中国园艺文摘,2016,32(3):29-30,104.
[17]Hodges D M,DeLong J M,Forney C F,et al.Improving the thiobarbituric acid-reactive-substances assay for estimating lipid peroxidation in plant tissues containing anthocyanin and other interfering compounds[J].Plant,1999,207(4):604-611.
[18]熊冬兰.银中杨、紫丁香对臭氧和干旱胁迫的生理响应[D].昆明:西南林业大学,2017.
[19]Bates L S,Waldren R P,Teare I D.Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies[J].Plant&Soil,1973,39(1):205-207.
[20]Bradford K J,Sharkey T D,Farquhar G D.Gas exchange,stomatal behavior,andδ13C values of the flacca tomato mutant in relation to abscisic Acid[J].Plant Physiology,1983,72(1):245-250.
[21]孙胜,张智,卢敏敏,等.镉胁迫对西瓜幼苗光合生理及活性氧代谢的影响[J].核农学报,2010,24(3):389-393.
[22]姜永雷,邓莉兰,黄晓霞,等.镉胁迫对滇润楠幼苗生理特性的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2013,35(4):769-775.
[23]Lin J,Wang G.Doubled CO2 could improve the drought tolerance better in sensitive cuhivars than in tolerant cuhivars in spring wheat[J].Plant Science,2002,163(3):627-637.
[24]郝再彬,苍晶,徐仲.植物生理实验[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004.
[25]Nakano Y,Asada K.Hydrogen peroxide is Scavenged by Ascorbatespecific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts[J].Plant and Cell Physiology,1981,22(5):867-880.
[26]Giannopolitis C N,Ries S K.Superoxid edisumtasein higher plants[J].Plant Physiology,1977,59(2):309-314.
[27]俞萍,高凡,刘杰,等.镉对植物生长的影响和植物耐镉机制研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(11):89-95.
[28]自海云,程小毛,黄晓霞,等.镉胁迫对洋常春藤叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].西南林业大学学报(自然科学),2018,38(5):7-12.
[29]李冬琴,陈桂葵,郑海,等.镉对两品种玉豆生长和抗氧化酶的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(2):221-226.
[30]施宠,王纯利,黄长福,等.镉胁迫对野燕麦幼苗生长及其生理特性的影响[J].草地学报,2015,23(3):526-532.
[31]刘柿良,杨容孑,马明东,等.镉胁迫对白车轴草生长、镉含量及养分分配的影响[J].核农学报,2015,29(3):595-604.
[32]王贺正,马均,李旭毅,等.水分胁迫对水稻结实期活性氧产生和保护系统的影响[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(7):1379-1387.
[33]马晓丽,冀瑞萍,田保华,等.一氧化氮(NO)对镉胁迫下小麦幼苗氧化损伤的影响[J].生物技术通报,2017,33(5):102-107.
[34]崔振,李昌晓,李晓雪,等.柽柳和银水牛果对镉胁迫的生理响应与耐受积累特征[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(3):70-78.
[35]Bartolf M,Brennan E,Price C A.Partial Characterization of a Cadmium-binding Protein from the Roots of Cadmium-treated Tomato[J].Plant Physiology,1980,66(3):438-441.
[36]张纪涛,徐猛,韩坤,等.盐胁迫对番茄幼苗的营养及生理效应[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(2):128-133.
[37]刘大林,曹喜春,张华,等.铅、镉胁迫对饲用高粱部分生理指标的影响[J].草地学报,2014,22(1):122-125.
[38]张浩,陆宁,钱晓刚,等.不同类型土壤重金属胁迫对烟叶脯氨酸含量的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2014,42(1):127-131.
[39]Khan M I R,Nazir F,Asgher M,et al.Selenium and sulfur influence ethylene formation and alleviate cadmium-induced oxidative stress by improving proline and glutathione production in wheat[J].Journal of plant physiology,2015,173:9-18.
[40]杨叶萍,简敏菲,陈勇玲,等.镉胁迫对苎麻根系及叶片抗氧化系统的影响[J].生态毒理学报,2016,11(4):184-193.
[41]陈晶,庞思琪,赵秀兰.外源生长素对镉胁迫下玉米幼苗生长及抗氧化系统的影响[J].植物生理学报,2016,52(8):1191-1198.
[42]芮海云,张兴兴,沈振国,等.箭筈豌豆镉胁迫下的失水胁迫和渗透调节物质的积累[J].作物杂志,2017(3):69-74.
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