钦州湾入海口邻苯二甲酸酯分布特征及生态风险评价
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摘要
为了解钦州湾入海口邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)污染情况,以钦州湾入海口沉积物为研究对象,对其中5种PAEs进行浓度及分布特征研究,并探讨PAEs与总有机碳(TOC)相关性,进行了PAEs生态风险评价。结果表明,钦州湾入海口沉积物中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸丁苄脂(BBP)和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己脂(DEHP)均有检出,检出率为100%,PAEs总质量浓度(以干质量计)为4.158～8.455mg/kg,平均值为7.011mg/kg。钦州湾入海口沉积物中PAEs以DEHP与DEP为主,PAEs浓度表现为DEHP>DEP>DBP>BBP>DMP,平均值分别为3.932、2.212、0.580、0.241、0.047mg/kg。钦州湾入海口沉积物中PAEs主要分布在钦江、金鼓江和龙门港。钦州湾入海口沉积物中TOC质量浓度为0.912～19.305mg/g,平均值为7.162mg/g,TOC与PAEs总浓度的相关系数为0.609,无显著相关性(p>0.05)。与国内外其他区域沉积物中PAEs浓度相比,钦州湾入海口沉积物中PAEs总浓度低于国内外大部分流域,但DBP、DEP和DMP浓度超过美国土壤PAEs控制限值,存在着一定的生态风险。
To understand the pollution of phthalic acid esters(PAEs)in the estuary of Qinzhou Bay in Guangxi,the content and distribution characteristics of five kinds of PAEs were studied.The relationship between PAEs and total organic carbon(TOC),and ecological risk assessment were also studied.The results showed that di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP),dibutyl phthalate(DBP),diethyl phthalate(DEP),butyl benzyl phthalate(BBP)and dimethyl phthalate(DMP)were detected in the sediments,the detection rate was 100%,and the total concentration of PAEs was 4.158-8.455 mg/kg,and the average value was 7.011 mg/kg.The main PAEs in the sediment of Qinzhou Bay estuary were DEHP and DEP,and the average values ranked DEHP,DEP,DBP,BBP and DMP,with 3.932,2.212,0.580,0.241,0.047 mg/kg,respectively.The PAEs in the estuary of Qinzhou Bay was mainly distributed in Qinjiang river,Longmen port and Jingu river.The concentration of TOC in the sediment of Qinzhou Bay estuary was 0.912-19.305 mg/g,and the average value was 7.162 mg/g.The correlation coefficient between TOC and PAEs was 0.609,and there was no significant correlation between TOC and PAEs(p>0.05).The concentration of PAEs in the estuary sediment of Qinzhou Bay was lower than most watersheds at home or abroad.The concentration of DBP,DEP and DMP was higher than American soil PAEs control limits and there would be a certain ecological risk.
To understand the pollution of phthalic acid esters(PAEs)in the estuary of Qinzhou Bay in Guangxi,the content and distribution characteristics of five kinds of PAEs were studied.The relationship between PAEs and total organic carbon(TOC),and ecological risk assessment were also studied.The results showed that di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP),dibutyl phthalate(DBP),diethyl phthalate(DEP),butyl benzyl phthalate(BBP)and dimethyl phthalate(DMP)were detected in the sediments,the detection rate was 100%,and the total concentration of PAEs was 4.158-8.455 mg/kg,and the average value was 7.011 mg/kg.The main PAEs in the sediment of Qinzhou Bay estuary were DEHP and DEP,and the average values ranked DEHP,DEP,DBP,BBP and DMP,with 3.932,2.212,0.580,0.241,0.047 mg/kg,respectively.The PAEs in the estuary of Qinzhou Bay was mainly distributed in Qinjiang river,Longmen port and Jingu river.The concentration of TOC in the sediment of Qinzhou Bay estuary was 0.912-19.305 mg/g,and the average value was 7.162 mg/g.The correlation coefficient between TOC and PAEs was 0.609,and there was no significant correlation between TOC and PAEs(p>0.05).The concentration of PAEs in the estuary sediment of Qinzhou Bay was lower than most watersheds at home or abroad.The concentration of DBP,DEP and DMP was higher than American soil PAEs control limits and there would be a certain ecological risk.
引文
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[2]CHARLES A S,THOMAS F P,DENNIS R P.A risk assessment of selected phthalate esters in North American and Western European surface waters[J].Chemosphere,2000,40(8):885-891.
[3]YU C P,CHU K H.Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products along the West Prong Little Pigeon River in east Tennessee,USA[J].Chemosphere,2009,75(10):1281-1286.
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[11]李素霞,韦司棋,林俊良,等.2014年茅尾海海水及沉积物中6种重金属污染及评价[J].江汉大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(5):471-476.
[12]邱绍芳,陈波,何碧娟.广西沿岸两大入海河口区域的环境变化与水流动力影响分析[J].海洋湖沼通报,2003(3):24-29.
[13]徐怀洲,宋宁慧,张圣虎,等.骆马湖邻苯二甲酸酯分布特征及健康风险评价[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(10):928-934.
[14]张英,孙继朝,陈玺,等.东莞地下水邻苯二甲酸酯分布特征及来源探讨[J].环境污染与防治,2011,33(8):57-61.
[15]丁之勇,蒲佳,吉力力·阿不都外力.中国主要湖泊表层沉积物重金属污染特征与评价分析[J].环境工程,2017,35(6):136-141.
[16]黄晓丽,汤施展,覃东立,等.城市湖泊中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)类物质的组成及其分布特征[J].水产学杂志,2017,30(4):33-39.
[17]廖日权,许尤厚,钟秋平,等.茅尾海近岸沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯的组成分布特征[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(8):1342-1347.
[18]胡雄星,韩中豪.苏州河表层沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯的分布特征及风险评价[J].环境监测管理与技术,2011,23(增刊):49-52.
[19]鲁磊安,陈学斌,赵海明,等.珠三角地区稻田土壤和谷粒中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)的分布特征及人体健康暴露风险[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(7):1242-1248.
[20]CORTAZAR E,BARTOLOME L,DELGADO A,et al.Optimization of microwave-assisted for the determination of nonylphenols and phthalate esters in sediment sample and comparison with pressurized solvent extraction[J].Analytica Chimica Acta,2005,53(2):247-254.
[21]GIAM C S,CHAN H S,NEFF G S,et al.Phthalate ester plasticizers:a new class of marine pollutant[J].Science,1978,19(4327):419-421.
[22]KLAMER H J C,LEONARDS P E G,LAMOREE M H,et al.A chemical and toxicological profile of Dutch Northe Sea surface sediments[J].Chemosphere,2005,58(11):1579-1587.
[23]MACKINTOSH G,MALDONADO J A,IKONOMOU M G,et al.Sorption of phthalate esters and PCBs in a marine ecosystem[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2006,40(11):3481-3488.
[24]杜娴,罗固源,许晓毅.长江重庆段两江水相、间隙水和沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯的分布与分配[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(2):557-562.
[25]李孟芳,张大海,段晓勇,等.南黄海沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯的分布特征[J].海洋环境科学,2014,33(5):682-687.
[26]张道来,刘娜,朱志刚,等.青岛市典型海岸带沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯的组成、分布特征及生态风险评价[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(5):652-657.
[27]New York State Department Conservation,New York State Department of Health.Development of soil cleanup objectives technical support document[EB/OL].[2018-04-03].http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/der/tagms/prt.
[2]CHARLES A S,THOMAS F P,DENNIS R P.A risk assessment of selected phthalate esters in North American and Western European surface waters[J].Chemosphere,2000,40(8):885-891.
[3]YU C P,CHU K H.Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products along the West Prong Little Pigeon River in east Tennessee,USA[J].Chemosphere,2009,75(10):1281-1286.
[4]宋雪英,崔小维,李嘉康,等.邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂的土壤生态毒理学研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(11):1885-1890.
[5]XIE X Y,WANG Z W,ZHOU X M,et al.Study on the interaction of phthalate esters to human serum albumin by steadystate and time-resolved fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,192(3):1291-1298.
[6]SHI W,ZHANG F X,HU G J,et al.Thyroid hormone disrupting activities associated with phthalate esters in water sources from Yangtze River Delta[J].Environment International,2012,42:117-123.
[7]KIM Y J,KIM E Y,RU J C.Identification of estrogenic genes responding to phthalate esters treatment in human MCF-7cells[J].Molecular&Cellular Toxicology,2011,7(2):163-170.
[8]邓彬.环境中邻苯二甲酸酯类的危害及污染治理研究[J].科技视界,2016(4):256.
[9]张威振,赖子尼,赵李娜,等.环境中邻苯二甲酸酯类污染物的研究进展[J].中国渔业质量与标准,2014,4(4):13-20.
[10]HOLGER M K,HERMANN M.New metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP)in human urine and serum after single oral doses of deuteriumlabelled DEP[J].Archives of Toxicology,2005,79(7):367-376.
[11]李素霞,韦司棋,林俊良,等.2014年茅尾海海水及沉积物中6种重金属污染及评价[J].江汉大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(5):471-476.
[12]邱绍芳,陈波,何碧娟.广西沿岸两大入海河口区域的环境变化与水流动力影响分析[J].海洋湖沼通报,2003(3):24-29.
[13]徐怀洲,宋宁慧,张圣虎,等.骆马湖邻苯二甲酸酯分布特征及健康风险评价[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(10):928-934.
[14]张英,孙继朝,陈玺,等.东莞地下水邻苯二甲酸酯分布特征及来源探讨[J].环境污染与防治,2011,33(8):57-61.
[15]丁之勇,蒲佳,吉力力·阿不都外力.中国主要湖泊表层沉积物重金属污染特征与评价分析[J].环境工程,2017,35(6):136-141.
[16]黄晓丽,汤施展,覃东立,等.城市湖泊中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)类物质的组成及其分布特征[J].水产学杂志,2017,30(4):33-39.
[17]廖日权,许尤厚,钟秋平,等.茅尾海近岸沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯的组成分布特征[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(8):1342-1347.
[18]胡雄星,韩中豪.苏州河表层沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯的分布特征及风险评价[J].环境监测管理与技术,2011,23(增刊):49-52.
[19]鲁磊安,陈学斌,赵海明,等.珠三角地区稻田土壤和谷粒中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)的分布特征及人体健康暴露风险[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(7):1242-1248.
[20]CORTAZAR E,BARTOLOME L,DELGADO A,et al.Optimization of microwave-assisted for the determination of nonylphenols and phthalate esters in sediment sample and comparison with pressurized solvent extraction[J].Analytica Chimica Acta,2005,53(2):247-254.
[21]GIAM C S,CHAN H S,NEFF G S,et al.Phthalate ester plasticizers:a new class of marine pollutant[J].Science,1978,19(4327):419-421.
[22]KLAMER H J C,LEONARDS P E G,LAMOREE M H,et al.A chemical and toxicological profile of Dutch Northe Sea surface sediments[J].Chemosphere,2005,58(11):1579-1587.
[23]MACKINTOSH G,MALDONADO J A,IKONOMOU M G,et al.Sorption of phthalate esters and PCBs in a marine ecosystem[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2006,40(11):3481-3488.
[24]杜娴,罗固源,许晓毅.长江重庆段两江水相、间隙水和沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯的分布与分配[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(2):557-562.
[25]李孟芳,张大海,段晓勇,等.南黄海沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯的分布特征[J].海洋环境科学,2014,33(5):682-687.
[26]张道来,刘娜,朱志刚,等.青岛市典型海岸带沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯的组成、分布特征及生态风险评价[J].海洋环境科学,2016,35(5):652-657.
[27]New York State Department Conservation,New York State Department of Health.Development of soil cleanup objectives technical support document[EB/OL].[2018-04-03].http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/der/tagms/prt.