第二产程不同分娩体位应用现状及效果的研究进展
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摘要
对第二产程不同分娩体位的相关研究进行综述,包括分娩体位的分类、应用现状及不同分娩体位对母儿结局的影响。不同分娩体位具有各自的优势和不足,需要根据产妇和胎儿的实际情况和产程进展帮助产妇选择更加适合的分娩体位,体现以产妇为中心的助产服务,以及提高产科服务质量。
This review of evidences for different birth positions during the second stage of labor included classification of birth positions, application actuality and the impacts of different birth positions on maternal and neonatal outcomes.Different birth positions had their own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, midwives should help women choose appropriate birth positions according to the maternal well-being, fetal well-being and progress of labor for an improved maternity care and a qualified puerpera-centered midwifery.
This review of evidences for different birth positions during the second stage of labor included classification of birth positions, application actuality and the impacts of different birth positions on maternal and neonatal outcomes.Different birth positions had their own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, midwives should help women choose appropriate birth positions according to the maternal well-being, fetal well-being and progress of labor for an improved maternity care and a qualified puerpera-centered midwifery.
引文
[1]窦姗姗,白桦,顾晓乐,等.河南省助产工作现状及助产适宜技术应用情况的调查研究.中华护理杂志,2018,53(2):158-161.Dou SS,Bai H,Gu XL,et al.Investigation of the present situation of midwifery and the appropriate technical application in Henan Province.Chinese Journal of Nursing,2018,53(2):158-161.
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[3]National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE).Intrapartum care for healthy women and babies.(2017-02-17)[2019-01-01].https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg190.
[4]Royal College of Midwives(RCM).Evidence based guidelines for midwifery-led care in labour.(2016-11)[2019-01-01].https://www.rcm.org.uk/content/evidence-based-guidelines2.
[5]Lee L,Jessica D,Azzam H.Management of spontaneous labour at term in healthy women.JObstet Gynaecol Can,2016,38(9):843-865.
[6]Queensland Health(QLD).Queensland Clinical Guideline(QCG):Normal Birth.(2018-06)[2019-01-01].https://www.health.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0014/142007/g-normalbirth.pdf.
[7]Gupta JK,Sood A,Hofmeyr GJ,et al.Position in the second stage of labour for women without epidural anaesthesia.Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,2017,5:CD002006.
[8]Simarro M,Espinosa JA,Salinas C,et al.Aprospective randomized trial of postural changes vs passive supine lying during the second stage of labor under epidural analgesia.Med Sci(Basel),2017,5(1):5.
[9]Deliktas A,Kukulu K.A meta-analysis of the effect on maternal health of upright positions during the second stage of labour,without routine epidural analgesia.J Adv Nurs,2018,74(2):263-278.
[10]Nieuwenhuijze M,de Jonge A,Korstjens I,et al.Factors influencing the fulfillment of women's preferences for birthing positions during second stage of labor.J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol,2012,33(1):25-31.
[11]Declercq ER,Sakala C,Corry MP,et al.Major survey findings of listening to mothers(SM)III:pregnancy and birth:report of the third national U.S.survey of women's childbearing experiences.J Perinat Educ,2014,23(1):9-16.
[12]Walker KF,Kibuka M,Thornton JG,et al.Maternal position in the second stage of labour for women with epidural anaesthesia.Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,2018,11:CD008070.
[13]Barasinski C,Debost-Legrand A,Lemery D,et al.Practices during the active second stage of labor:a survey of French midwives.Midwifery,2018(60):48-55.
[14]Chalmers B.Rates of interventions in labor and birth across Canada:findings of the Canadian maternity experiences survey.Birth,2012,39(3):203-210.
[15]Zileni BD,Glover P,Jones M,et al.Malawi women's knowledge and use of labour and birthing positions:a cross-sectional descriptive survey.Women and Birth,2017,30(1):e1-e8.
[16]Walker C,Rodríguez T,Herranz A,et al.Alternative model of birth to reduce the risk of assisted vaginal delivery and perineal trauma.International Urogynecology Journal,2012,23(9):1249-1256.
[17]龙良平,林莹.侧卧位分娩对母婴结局影响的荟萃分析.护理学杂志,2018,33(13):96-100.Long LP,Lin Y.Effect of lateral birth positions on morther and fetus:a Meta-analysis.Journal of Nursing Science,2018,33(13):96-100.
[18]Thies-Lagergren L,Kvist LJ,SandinBojo AK,et al.Labour augmentation and fetal outcomes in relation to birth positions:a secondary analysis of an RCT evaluating birth seat births.Midwifery,2013,29(4):344-350.
[19]Gizzo S,Gangi SD,Noventa M,et al.Women's choice of positions during labour:return to the past or a modern way to give birth?A cohort study in Italy.Biomed Res Int,2014:638093.
[20]Moraloglu O,Kansu-Celik H,Tasci Y,et al.The influence of different maternal pushing positions on birth outcomes at the second stage of labor in nulliparous women.J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med,2017,30(2):245-249.
[21]Lin YC,Gau ML,Kao GH,et al.Efficacy of an ergonomic ankle support aid for squatting position in improving pushing skills and birth outcomes during the second stage of Labor:a randomized controlled trial.J Nurs Res,2018,26(6):376-384.
[22]Zhang HY,Huang SR,Guo XL,et al.A randomised controlled trial in comparing maternal and neonatal outcomes between handsand-knees delivery position and supine position in China.Midwifery,2017(50):117-124.
[23]郭肖兰,张宏玉.俯卧位与平卧位分娩对母儿结局的影响.海南医学院学报,2011,17(6):811-814.Guo XL,Zhang HY.Effects of hands-andknees versus supine position on and neonatal outcomes.Journal of Hainan Medical University,2011,17(6):811-814.
[24]Edqvist M,Blix E,Hegaard HK,et al.Perineal injuries and birth positions among 2992women with a low risk pregnancy who opted for a homebirth.BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth,2016,16(1):196.
[25]Warmink-Perdijk WDB,Koelewijn JM,de Jonge A,et al.Better perineal outcomes in sitting birthing position cannot be explained by changing from upright to supine position for performing an episiotomy.Midwifery,2016(34):1-6.
[26]Brocklehurst P.Upright versus lying down position in second stage of labour in nulliparous women with low dose epidural:BUMPESrandomised controlled trial.British Medical Journal,2017,359:j4471.
[27]Smith LA,Price N,Simonite V,et al.Incidence of and risk factors for perineal trauma:A prospective observational study.BMCPregnancy and Childbirth,2013,13:59.
[28]Edqvist M,Hildingsson I,Mollberg M,et al.Midwives'management during the second stage of labor in relation to second-degree tears-an experimental study.Birth,2017,44(1):86-94.
[29]Peppe MV,Stefanello J,Infante BF,et al.Perineal trauma in a low-risk maternity with high prevalence of upright position during the second stage of labor.Revista Brasileira De Ginecologia E Obstetricia,2018,40(7):379-383.
[30]Reis Z,Vianini ALF,Monteiro M,et al.Position at birth and obstetric anal sphincter injuries according to spontaneous or induced labor.International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics,2018,143:692.
[31]Tunestveit JW,Baghestan E,Natvig GK,et al.Factors associated with obstetric anal sphincter injuries in midwife-led birth:a cross sectional study.Midwifery,2018(62):264-272.
[32]Haslinger C,Burkhardt T,Stoiber B,et al.Position at birth as an important factor for the occurrence of anal sphincter tears:a retrospective cohort study.J Perinat Med,2015,43(6):715-720.
[33]Elvander C,Ahlberg M,Thies-Lagergren L,et al.Birth position and obstetric anal sphincter injury:a population-based study of 113000spontaneous births.BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth,2015,15(1):252.
[34]Griffiths E,Rayner S,Hall A,et al.Risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injury:the impact of birthing position,type of delivery and other aspects of intrapartum care.BJOG,2018,125:177.
[35]Dahlen HG,Dowling H,Tracy M,et al.Maternal and perinatal outcomes amongst low risk women giving birth in water compared to six birth positions on land.A descriptive cross sectional study in a birth centre over 12 years.Midwifery,2013,29(7):759-764.
[36]Meyvis I,Rompaey BV,Goormans K,et al.Maternal position and other variables:effects on perineal outcomes in 557 births.Birth,2012,39(2):115-120.
[37]Thies-Lagergren L,Kvist LJ,Christensson K,et al.No reduction in instrumental vaginal births and no increased risk for adverse perineal outcome in nulliparous women giving birth on a birth seat:results of a Swedish randomized controlled trial.BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth,2011(11):22.
[38]de Jonge A,Diem MV,Scheepers PLH,et al.Increased blood loss in upright birthing positions originates from perineal damage.BJOG,2007,114(3):349-355.
[39]蒋睿.三种不同体位分娩对母儿影响的临床观察.石家庄:河北医科大学,2016.Jiang R.Clinical observation of three maternal positions on vaginal delivery.Shijiazhuang:Hebei Medical University,2016.
[40]Valiani M,Rezaie M,Shahshahan Z.Comparative study on the influence of three delivery positions on pain intensity during the second stage of labor.Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res,2016,21(4):372-378.
[41]Ragnar I,Altman D,Tyden T,et al.Comparison of the maternal experience and duration of labour in two upright delivery positions--a randomised controlled trial.BJOG,2006,113(2):165-170.
[42]Corton MM,Lankford JC,Ames R,et al.A randomized trial of birthing with and without stirrups.American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,2012,207(2):e131-e135.
[43]Serati M,Dedda MCD,Bogani G,et al.Position in the second stage of labour and de novo onset of post-partum urinary incontinence.Int Urogynecol J,2016,27(2):281-286.
[44]Lien KC,Mooney B,DeLancey JO,et al.Levator ani muscle stretch induced by simulated vaginal birth.Obstet Gynecol,2004,103(1):31-40.
[45]Lien KC,Morgan DM,Delancey JO,et al.Pudendal nerve stretch during vaginal birth:a 3Dcomputer simulation.Am J Obstet Gynecol,2005,192(5):1669-1676.
[2]World Health Organization(WHO).WHOrecommendations:intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience.2018[2019-01-01].https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/intrapartum-care-guidelines/en/.
[3]National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE).Intrapartum care for healthy women and babies.(2017-02-17)[2019-01-01].https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg190.
[4]Royal College of Midwives(RCM).Evidence based guidelines for midwifery-led care in labour.(2016-11)[2019-01-01].https://www.rcm.org.uk/content/evidence-based-guidelines2.
[5]Lee L,Jessica D,Azzam H.Management of spontaneous labour at term in healthy women.JObstet Gynaecol Can,2016,38(9):843-865.
[6]Queensland Health(QLD).Queensland Clinical Guideline(QCG):Normal Birth.(2018-06)[2019-01-01].https://www.health.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0014/142007/g-normalbirth.pdf.
[7]Gupta JK,Sood A,Hofmeyr GJ,et al.Position in the second stage of labour for women without epidural anaesthesia.Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,2017,5:CD002006.
[8]Simarro M,Espinosa JA,Salinas C,et al.Aprospective randomized trial of postural changes vs passive supine lying during the second stage of labor under epidural analgesia.Med Sci(Basel),2017,5(1):5.
[9]Deliktas A,Kukulu K.A meta-analysis of the effect on maternal health of upright positions during the second stage of labour,without routine epidural analgesia.J Adv Nurs,2018,74(2):263-278.
[10]Nieuwenhuijze M,de Jonge A,Korstjens I,et al.Factors influencing the fulfillment of women's preferences for birthing positions during second stage of labor.J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol,2012,33(1):25-31.
[11]Declercq ER,Sakala C,Corry MP,et al.Major survey findings of listening to mothers(SM)III:pregnancy and birth:report of the third national U.S.survey of women's childbearing experiences.J Perinat Educ,2014,23(1):9-16.
[12]Walker KF,Kibuka M,Thornton JG,et al.Maternal position in the second stage of labour for women with epidural anaesthesia.Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,2018,11:CD008070.
[13]Barasinski C,Debost-Legrand A,Lemery D,et al.Practices during the active second stage of labor:a survey of French midwives.Midwifery,2018(60):48-55.
[14]Chalmers B.Rates of interventions in labor and birth across Canada:findings of the Canadian maternity experiences survey.Birth,2012,39(3):203-210.
[15]Zileni BD,Glover P,Jones M,et al.Malawi women's knowledge and use of labour and birthing positions:a cross-sectional descriptive survey.Women and Birth,2017,30(1):e1-e8.
[16]Walker C,Rodríguez T,Herranz A,et al.Alternative model of birth to reduce the risk of assisted vaginal delivery and perineal trauma.International Urogynecology Journal,2012,23(9):1249-1256.
[17]龙良平,林莹.侧卧位分娩对母婴结局影响的荟萃分析.护理学杂志,2018,33(13):96-100.Long LP,Lin Y.Effect of lateral birth positions on morther and fetus:a Meta-analysis.Journal of Nursing Science,2018,33(13):96-100.
[18]Thies-Lagergren L,Kvist LJ,SandinBojo AK,et al.Labour augmentation and fetal outcomes in relation to birth positions:a secondary analysis of an RCT evaluating birth seat births.Midwifery,2013,29(4):344-350.
[19]Gizzo S,Gangi SD,Noventa M,et al.Women's choice of positions during labour:return to the past or a modern way to give birth?A cohort study in Italy.Biomed Res Int,2014:638093.
[20]Moraloglu O,Kansu-Celik H,Tasci Y,et al.The influence of different maternal pushing positions on birth outcomes at the second stage of labor in nulliparous women.J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med,2017,30(2):245-249.
[21]Lin YC,Gau ML,Kao GH,et al.Efficacy of an ergonomic ankle support aid for squatting position in improving pushing skills and birth outcomes during the second stage of Labor:a randomized controlled trial.J Nurs Res,2018,26(6):376-384.
[22]Zhang HY,Huang SR,Guo XL,et al.A randomised controlled trial in comparing maternal and neonatal outcomes between handsand-knees delivery position and supine position in China.Midwifery,2017(50):117-124.
[23]郭肖兰,张宏玉.俯卧位与平卧位分娩对母儿结局的影响.海南医学院学报,2011,17(6):811-814.Guo XL,Zhang HY.Effects of hands-andknees versus supine position on and neonatal outcomes.Journal of Hainan Medical University,2011,17(6):811-814.
[24]Edqvist M,Blix E,Hegaard HK,et al.Perineal injuries and birth positions among 2992women with a low risk pregnancy who opted for a homebirth.BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth,2016,16(1):196.
[25]Warmink-Perdijk WDB,Koelewijn JM,de Jonge A,et al.Better perineal outcomes in sitting birthing position cannot be explained by changing from upright to supine position for performing an episiotomy.Midwifery,2016(34):1-6.
[26]Brocklehurst P.Upright versus lying down position in second stage of labour in nulliparous women with low dose epidural:BUMPESrandomised controlled trial.British Medical Journal,2017,359:j4471.
[27]Smith LA,Price N,Simonite V,et al.Incidence of and risk factors for perineal trauma:A prospective observational study.BMCPregnancy and Childbirth,2013,13:59.
[28]Edqvist M,Hildingsson I,Mollberg M,et al.Midwives'management during the second stage of labor in relation to second-degree tears-an experimental study.Birth,2017,44(1):86-94.
[29]Peppe MV,Stefanello J,Infante BF,et al.Perineal trauma in a low-risk maternity with high prevalence of upright position during the second stage of labor.Revista Brasileira De Ginecologia E Obstetricia,2018,40(7):379-383.
[30]Reis Z,Vianini ALF,Monteiro M,et al.Position at birth and obstetric anal sphincter injuries according to spontaneous or induced labor.International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics,2018,143:692.
[31]Tunestveit JW,Baghestan E,Natvig GK,et al.Factors associated with obstetric anal sphincter injuries in midwife-led birth:a cross sectional study.Midwifery,2018(62):264-272.
[32]Haslinger C,Burkhardt T,Stoiber B,et al.Position at birth as an important factor for the occurrence of anal sphincter tears:a retrospective cohort study.J Perinat Med,2015,43(6):715-720.
[33]Elvander C,Ahlberg M,Thies-Lagergren L,et al.Birth position and obstetric anal sphincter injury:a population-based study of 113000spontaneous births.BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth,2015,15(1):252.
[34]Griffiths E,Rayner S,Hall A,et al.Risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injury:the impact of birthing position,type of delivery and other aspects of intrapartum care.BJOG,2018,125:177.
[35]Dahlen HG,Dowling H,Tracy M,et al.Maternal and perinatal outcomes amongst low risk women giving birth in water compared to six birth positions on land.A descriptive cross sectional study in a birth centre over 12 years.Midwifery,2013,29(7):759-764.
[36]Meyvis I,Rompaey BV,Goormans K,et al.Maternal position and other variables:effects on perineal outcomes in 557 births.Birth,2012,39(2):115-120.
[37]Thies-Lagergren L,Kvist LJ,Christensson K,et al.No reduction in instrumental vaginal births and no increased risk for adverse perineal outcome in nulliparous women giving birth on a birth seat:results of a Swedish randomized controlled trial.BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth,2011(11):22.
[38]de Jonge A,Diem MV,Scheepers PLH,et al.Increased blood loss in upright birthing positions originates from perineal damage.BJOG,2007,114(3):349-355.
[39]蒋睿.三种不同体位分娩对母儿影响的临床观察.石家庄:河北医科大学,2016.Jiang R.Clinical observation of three maternal positions on vaginal delivery.Shijiazhuang:Hebei Medical University,2016.
[40]Valiani M,Rezaie M,Shahshahan Z.Comparative study on the influence of three delivery positions on pain intensity during the second stage of labor.Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res,2016,21(4):372-378.
[41]Ragnar I,Altman D,Tyden T,et al.Comparison of the maternal experience and duration of labour in two upright delivery positions--a randomised controlled trial.BJOG,2006,113(2):165-170.
[42]Corton MM,Lankford JC,Ames R,et al.A randomized trial of birthing with and without stirrups.American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,2012,207(2):e131-e135.
[43]Serati M,Dedda MCD,Bogani G,et al.Position in the second stage of labour and de novo onset of post-partum urinary incontinence.Int Urogynecol J,2016,27(2):281-286.
[44]Lien KC,Mooney B,DeLancey JO,et al.Levator ani muscle stretch induced by simulated vaginal birth.Obstet Gynecol,2004,103(1):31-40.
[45]Lien KC,Morgan DM,Delancey JO,et al.Pudendal nerve stretch during vaginal birth:a 3Dcomputer simulation.Am J Obstet Gynecol,2005,192(5):1669-1676.