摘要
生物质能的开发利用越来越受到国际关注。在我国北方地区还有大量玉米秸秆没有得到能源化利用,小型锅炉作为生物质能转化装备其关键技术还有待突破与完善。为解决小型锅炉燃用玉米秸秆颗粒燃料过程中出现的问题,分析了燃用玉米秸秆颗粒燃料的小型锅炉燃烧室结构合理性设计的要求,设计了由象鼻状前炉拱和阶梯状火床组成的燃烧室结构,使玉米秸秆颗粒燃料的燃烧在燃烧室内分为气体燃烧区域和固体燃烧区域。经过在10kW热水锅炉燃烧玉米秸秆颗粒燃料的热工实验检验,该燃烧室结构解决了小型生物质锅炉焦油污染、燃烧不完全、不稳定以及玉米秸秆颗粒燃料灰渣结焦问题,为玉米秸秆能源化利用开辟了新途径。
Development and utilization of biomass energy has attracted more and more attention all over the world. Yet in northern China,there is still a large amount of corn stalk which has not been transformed into energy application. The key technical breakthroughs remain to be achieved for low-capacity boiler as a very important biomass conversion equipment. This research is aimed to solve the problems appeared in low-capacity boiler while utilizing corn stalk pellets,and analyzed rational design requirements of combusting chamber structure,a innovative arch structure and a stair-stepping grate were designed to divide the chamber into gas and solid combustion area separately. The combustion experiment results on a 10 kW hot-water boiler utilizing corn stalk pellets indicated that the problems of tar pollution,incomplete and unsteady combustion,agglomeration were all well solved. It has provided a new approach of energy application mode of corn stalk.
引文
[1]Akhtar Hussaina,Syed Muhammad Arifb,Muhammad Aslamc etc.Emerging renewable and sustainable energy technologies:State of the art[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2017(71):12-28.
[2]Kazunobu Suzuki a,b,Nobuyuki Tsuji c,Yoshihito Shirai etc.Evaluation of biomass energy potential towards achieving sustainability in biomass energy utilization in Sabah,Malaysia[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2017(97):149-154.
[3]刘大贵,李伊光,王孟晴,等.玉米秸秆低温热解制备生物质炭的特性研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2017,33(7):105-109.
[4]国家能源局.生物质能发展“十三五”规划[R].北京:国家能源局,2016.
[5]夏许宁,刘圣勇,翟万里,等.生物质成型燃料链条锅炉结渣特性试验研究[J].节能技术,2016,34(4):305-309.
[6]任霄汉,李春光,郭江滨,等.一维固定床反应器内生物质燃料层状燃烧特性分析[J].节能技术,2014,32(4):337-341.
[7]付成果,侯书林,田宜水,等.生物质层燃燃烧过程中的影响因素分析[J].可再生能源,2013,10(10):120-125.
[8]李娟.发展新能源工业化模式助推河北省新城镇住宅建设研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2017,33(6):95-97,102.
[9]周钰,陈群,张晓辉,等.英国生物质分布式能源系统的研究以及对我国的启示[J].节能技术,2015,33(4):332-339.
[10]朱亦淼.火床炉炉内流场冷态模化[D].南京:南京理工大学,2013.
[11]惠世恩,徐通模,刘仲军,等.一种强湍动α形燃烧火焰的火床炉炉拱设计新方法[J].热能动力工程,1994,9(5):280-284.
[12]袁慧新,王宁,付双成,等.生物质焦油的特性及其去除方法的研究现状[J].过滤与分离,2011(3):45-48.
[13]王武林,周平.生物质气化炉内焦油裂解净化技术的研究[J].农机化研究,2012(11):225-227.
[14]米铁,徐玲娜,袁羽书,等.生物质热解过程中焦油形成机理的研究[J].华中师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013,10(5):671-675.
[15]李贤斌,姚宗路,赵立欣,等.生物质碳化生成焦油催化裂解的研究进展[J].现代化工,2017,2(2):46-50.
[16]梁爱云,惠世恩,徐通模,等.几种生物质的TGDTG分析及其燃烧动力学特性研究[J].可再生能源,2008,8(4):56-61.
[17]袁艳文,林聪,赵立欣,等.生物质固体成型燃料抗结渣研究进展[J].可再生能源,2009,9(5):48-51.
[18]闫河军,欧阳文华.SZL型热水锅炉炉拱改造及效果[J].工业锅炉,2009(5):47-49.