江苏省产学研合作创新网络结构特征及其优化策略
|
摘要
产学研合作创新是当前创新实践的重要模式。基于2015年江苏省28所高校的联合专利数据,运用社会网络分析方法和UCINET软件构建区域产学研合作创新网络,对产学研合作创新网络的网络密度、度数中心势、小世界性以及结构洞指数等指标进行测度。研究结果表明:江苏省高校的产学研合作创新网络具有较低的网络密度和度数中心势,并表现出了明显的小世界性;不同高校的结构洞指数具有明显差异,表明其具有不同的获取和利用资源的能力。据此分别针对整体网络和高校提出创新活动策略。
University-industry-research collaborative innovation is an important mode of innovation practice. Based on the patent data of 28 universities in Jiangsu province in 2015,this paper constructs the innovation network of regional industry,university and research co-operation,using the social network analysis method and UCINET software,and calculates the index of density, degree central potential, small-world and structural holes. The study finds that,the university-industry-research collaborative innovation network in Jiangsu province has lower density and betweenness centrality,the network is small-world,the structural holes of 28 universities are obviously different,which means the different university has different ability to obtain and use the resource. Accordingly,the paper puts forward the innovation strategy for the whole network and universities.
University-industry-research collaborative innovation is an important mode of innovation practice. Based on the patent data of 28 universities in Jiangsu province in 2015,this paper constructs the innovation network of regional industry,university and research co-operation,using the social network analysis method and UCINET software,and calculates the index of density, degree central potential, small-world and structural holes. The study finds that,the university-industry-research collaborative innovation network in Jiangsu province has lower density and betweenness centrality,the network is small-world,the structural holes of 28 universities are obviously different,which means the different university has different ability to obtain and use the resource. Accordingly,the paper puts forward the innovation strategy for the whole network and universities.
引文
[1]陈伟,张永超,田世海.区域装备制造业产学研合作创新网络的实证研究:基于网络结构和网络聚类的视角[J].中国软科学,2012(2):96-107.
[2]曹霞,刘国巍.产学研合作创新网络规模、连接机制与创新绩效的关系研究:基于多主体仿真和动态系统论视角[J].运筹与管理,2015(2):246-254.
[3]惠青,邹艳.产学研合作创新网络、知识整合和技术创新的关系研究[J].软科学,2010(3):4-9.
[4]GUAN J C,ZHAO Q J.The impact of university-industry collaboration networks on innovation in nanobiopharmaceuticals[J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2013,80(7):1271-1286.
[5]DANIELA C,CHIARA C,ANNALISA T.Actors'heterogeneity in innovation networks[J].Industrial Marketing Management,2012,41(5):780-789.
[6]PERKMANN M,WALSH K.University-industry relationships and open innovation:towards a research agenda[J].International Journal of Management Reviews,2007,9(4):259-280.
[7]其格其,高霞,曹洁琼.我国ICT产业产学研合作创新网络结构对企业创新绩效的影响[J].科研管理,2016(增刊1):110-115.
[8]刘凤朝,马荣康,姜楠.基于“985高校”的产学研专利合作网络演化路径研究[J].中国软科学,2011(7):178-192.
[9]阮平南,李会琼,刘晓燕.技术创新网络节点退出影响因素的实证研究:以电真空材料和蓄电池行业为例[J].科技进步与对策,2016(3):119-125.
[10]高霞,陈凯华.合作创新网络结构演化特征的复杂网络分析[J].科研管理,2015(6):28-36.
[11]MITCHELL J C.The concept and use of social networks[M]//MITCHELL C J.Social networks in urban situations.Manchester:Manchester University Press,1969:1-50.
[12]陈文婕,曾德明,邹思明.全球低碳汽车技术合作创新网络演化路径研究[J].科研管理,2016(8):28-36.
[13]SCHILLING M A,PHELPS C C.Inter-firm collaboration networks:the impact of large-scale network structure on firm innovation[J].Management Science,2007,53(7):1113-1126.
[14]KOENIG M D,BATTISTON S,NAPOPETANO M.On algebraic graph theory and the dynamics of innovation networks[J].Networks and Heterogeneous Media,2008,3(2):201-219.
[15]张瑜,菅利荣,皮宗平,等.基于无标度网络的产学研合作网络模式[J].系统工程,2013(5):54-59.
[16]张古鹏.小世界创新网络动态演化及其效应研究[J].管理科学学报,2015(6):15-29.
[17]刘军.整体网分析[M].上海:格致出版社,2014.
[18]陈子凤,官建成.合作网络的小世界性对创新绩效的影响[J].中国管理科学,2009(3):115-120.
[19]BURT R S.Structural holes:the social structure of competition[M].Boston:Harvard University Press,1992.
[20]章丹,胡祖光.网络结构洞对企业技术创新活动的影响研究[J].科研管理,2013(6):34-41.
[21]李忆,司有和.探索式创新、利用式创新与绩效:战略和环境的影响[J].南开管理评论,2008(5):4-12.
[22]JANSEN J J P,VAN D B F A J,VOLBERDA H W.Exploratory innovation,exploitative innovation,and performance:effects of organizational antecedents and environmental moderator[J].Management Science,2006,52(11):1661-1674.
[2]曹霞,刘国巍.产学研合作创新网络规模、连接机制与创新绩效的关系研究:基于多主体仿真和动态系统论视角[J].运筹与管理,2015(2):246-254.
[3]惠青,邹艳.产学研合作创新网络、知识整合和技术创新的关系研究[J].软科学,2010(3):4-9.
[4]GUAN J C,ZHAO Q J.The impact of university-industry collaboration networks on innovation in nanobiopharmaceuticals[J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2013,80(7):1271-1286.
[5]DANIELA C,CHIARA C,ANNALISA T.Actors'heterogeneity in innovation networks[J].Industrial Marketing Management,2012,41(5):780-789.
[6]PERKMANN M,WALSH K.University-industry relationships and open innovation:towards a research agenda[J].International Journal of Management Reviews,2007,9(4):259-280.
[7]其格其,高霞,曹洁琼.我国ICT产业产学研合作创新网络结构对企业创新绩效的影响[J].科研管理,2016(增刊1):110-115.
[8]刘凤朝,马荣康,姜楠.基于“985高校”的产学研专利合作网络演化路径研究[J].中国软科学,2011(7):178-192.
[9]阮平南,李会琼,刘晓燕.技术创新网络节点退出影响因素的实证研究:以电真空材料和蓄电池行业为例[J].科技进步与对策,2016(3):119-125.
[10]高霞,陈凯华.合作创新网络结构演化特征的复杂网络分析[J].科研管理,2015(6):28-36.
[11]MITCHELL J C.The concept and use of social networks[M]//MITCHELL C J.Social networks in urban situations.Manchester:Manchester University Press,1969:1-50.
[12]陈文婕,曾德明,邹思明.全球低碳汽车技术合作创新网络演化路径研究[J].科研管理,2016(8):28-36.
[13]SCHILLING M A,PHELPS C C.Inter-firm collaboration networks:the impact of large-scale network structure on firm innovation[J].Management Science,2007,53(7):1113-1126.
[14]KOENIG M D,BATTISTON S,NAPOPETANO M.On algebraic graph theory and the dynamics of innovation networks[J].Networks and Heterogeneous Media,2008,3(2):201-219.
[15]张瑜,菅利荣,皮宗平,等.基于无标度网络的产学研合作网络模式[J].系统工程,2013(5):54-59.
[16]张古鹏.小世界创新网络动态演化及其效应研究[J].管理科学学报,2015(6):15-29.
[17]刘军.整体网分析[M].上海:格致出版社,2014.
[18]陈子凤,官建成.合作网络的小世界性对创新绩效的影响[J].中国管理科学,2009(3):115-120.
[19]BURT R S.Structural holes:the social structure of competition[M].Boston:Harvard University Press,1992.
[20]章丹,胡祖光.网络结构洞对企业技术创新活动的影响研究[J].科研管理,2013(6):34-41.
[21]李忆,司有和.探索式创新、利用式创新与绩效:战略和环境的影响[J].南开管理评论,2008(5):4-12.
[22]JANSEN J J P,VAN D B F A J,VOLBERDA H W.Exploratory innovation,exploitative innovation,and performance:effects of organizational antecedents and environmental moderator[J].Management Science,2006,52(11):1661-1674.