风力发电液力机械调速装置系统动态特性研究
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摘要
为实现2 MW风电机组的高效传动,通过实验方法测得导叶可调式双涡轮液力变矩器输出特性曲线,计算得到不同开度下涡轮力矩与涡轮转速的三次项系数关系式,推导风力发电液力调速系统行星轮系的数学模型,设计了模糊自整定PID控制器的控制系统,并对风电机组进行了动态仿真和实验对比研究。结果表明:数值计算功率数值均大于实验值,风速小于5 m/s时绝对误差较小,风速大于5 m/s时进入正常发电工况,最大误差为7%。
In order to achieve efficient transmission of 2 MW wind turbines,the output characteristic curve of the adjustable vane torque converter is measured by the experimental method. The relationship between the three coefficients of turbine torque and turbine speed under different opening degrees is calculated. The mathematical model of planetary gear train for wind power generation hydraulic speed governing system is deduced. The control system of fuzzy self-tuning PID controller is designed. Dynamic simulation and experimental comparison of wind turbines are carried out. The results show that: the power values of numerical calculation are all larger than the experimental results. When the wind speed is less than 5 m/s,the output power is smaller and the absolute error is smaller. When the wind speed is greater than 5 m/s,the maximum error is 7%.
In order to achieve efficient transmission of 2 MW wind turbines,the output characteristic curve of the adjustable vane torque converter is measured by the experimental method. The relationship between the three coefficients of turbine torque and turbine speed under different opening degrees is calculated. The mathematical model of planetary gear train for wind power generation hydraulic speed governing system is deduced. The control system of fuzzy self-tuning PID controller is designed. Dynamic simulation and experimental comparison of wind turbines are carried out. The results show that: the power values of numerical calculation are all larger than the experimental results. When the wind speed is less than 5 m/s,the output power is smaller and the absolute error is smaller. When the wind speed is greater than 5 m/s,the maximum error is 7%.
引文
[1]董泳,王洪杰,周绪强.风力发电系统液力变速与传动应用技术研究[J].热能动力工程,2008,23(6):670-675.DONG Yong,WANG Hong-jie,ZHOU Xu-qiang.Research on hydrodynamic speed adjusting and transmission technology of wind turbine system[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power,2008,23(6):670-675.
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[10]刘春宝,马文星,朱喜林.液力变矩器三维瞬态流场计算[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(14):161-166.LIU Chun-bao,MA Wen-xing,ZHU Xi-lin.3D transient calculation of internal flow field for hydrodynamic torque converter[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(14):161-166.
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[13]何玉林,李成武,杜静,等大功率风电机组新型传动系的建模与仿真[J]重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2007,30(9):1-4.HE Yu-lin,LI Cheng-wu,DU Jing,et al.Modeling and simulation of new transmissions system of high power wind turbine[J].Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science Edition),2007,30(9):1-4.
[14]DONG Y,LAKSHMINARAYANA B.Rotating probe measurements of the pump passage flow field in an automotive torque converter[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,2001,123(3):81-91.
[15]李春生,董泳.高效液力变速行星齿轮复合传动装置及其应用[J].节能技术,2013,31(2):127-131.LI Chun-sheng,DONG Yong.High performance hydraulic variable speed complex planetary gear device and application[J].Energy Saving Technology,2013,31(2):127-131.
[2]杜魏魏.风力发电可变导叶液力机械调速装置研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2011.DU Wei-wei.Study on hydrodynamic mechanical Variable speed equipment with adjustable guide vanes In wind turbine[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2011.
[3]SLOOTWEG J G,POLINDER H,KLING W L.Dynamic modelling of a wind turbine with doubly fed induction generator[C]//Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,IEEE,2001.
[4]NOVAK P,EKELUND T,JOVIK I,et al.Modeling and Control of variable-speed wind-turbine drive-system dynamics[J].IEEEControl System,1995(8):28-38.
[5]谢清乐,李奇敏.导叶可调式液力变矩器的内流场数值分析[J].计算机仿真,2013,30(8):135-138.XIE Qing-le,LI Qi-min.Numerical analysis on internal flow field of adjustable guide turbine torque converter[J].Computer Simulation,2013,30(8):135-138.
[6]马文星,王若仰,才委.导叶可调式液力变矩器导轮特性研究[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(12):84-89.MA Wen-xing,WANG Ruo-yang,CAI Wei.Investigation into characteristics of guide wheels of hydraulic torque converters with adjustable guide vanes[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2014,42(12):84-89.
[7]赵浩天,唐林群,赵文泉.可调液力变矩器流场数值模拟及钻机应用探讨[J].节能技术,2013,31(5):442-446.ZHAO Hao-tian,TANG Lin-qun,ZHAO Wen-quan.Numerical analysis of adjustable hydrodynamic torque converter and its application for drilling rig[J].Energy Conservation Technology,2013,31(5):442-446.
[8]KOTLINSKI J,MIGUS M,KESY Z,et al.Fabrication of hydrodynamic torque converter impellers by using the selective laser sintering method[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2013,19(6):430-436.
[9]柴博森,刘春宝,王卫东.基于霍夫变换的液力变矩器泵轮内部流速提取[J].排灌机械工程学报,2014,32(4):283-289.CHAI Bo-sen,LIU Chun-bao,WANG Wei-dong.Extraction of internal flow velocity in pump of hydrodynamic torque converter based on Hough transform[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering,2014,32(4):283-289.
[10]刘春宝,马文星,朱喜林.液力变矩器三维瞬态流场计算[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(14):161-166.LIU Chun-bao,MA Wen-xing,ZHU Xi-lin.3D transient calculation of internal flow field for hydrodynamic torque converter[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(14):161-166.
[11]KVON A,LEE Y H,CHEEMA T A,et al.Development of dual micro-PIV system for simultaneous velocity measurements:optical arrangement techniques and application to blood flow measurements[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2014,25(7):075302.
[12]PARLAK I B,ESEN O B,EGI S M,et al.OP-120Characterization of vortex patterns in echocardiographic particle image velocimetry[J].American Journal of Cardiology,2014,113(7):35.
[13]何玉林,李成武,杜静,等大功率风电机组新型传动系的建模与仿真[J]重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2007,30(9):1-4.HE Yu-lin,LI Cheng-wu,DU Jing,et al.Modeling and simulation of new transmissions system of high power wind turbine[J].Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science Edition),2007,30(9):1-4.
[14]DONG Y,LAKSHMINARAYANA B.Rotating probe measurements of the pump passage flow field in an automotive torque converter[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,2001,123(3):81-91.
[15]李春生,董泳.高效液力变速行星齿轮复合传动装置及其应用[J].节能技术,2013,31(2):127-131.LI Chun-sheng,DONG Yong.High performance hydraulic variable speed complex planetary gear device and application[J].Energy Saving Technology,2013,31(2):127-131.