情绪和注意灵活性对排球运动员发球落点预判的影响
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摘要
本研究采用内隐形注意朝向任务,借助眼动追踪考察,注意灵活性在情绪与排球运动员预判关系中的影响作用。结果表明,情绪性质可以影响高水平排球运动员的预判表现,相比于悲伤组,愉悦组运动员的预判成绩更高。注意灵活性在情绪对预判的影响中发挥着调节作用,体现为高注意灵活性组的排球运动员,愉悦和悲伤情绪状态下的预判成绩无显著差异,而对于低注意灵活性组的运动员,愉悦状态下的预判成绩显著高于悲伤情绪状态。
The research adopted covert attention orienting task and eye tracker to investigate the effect of attention flexibility on the relationship between emotion and anticipation. The results showed that the anticipation performance in the state of joy was significantly better than that in the state of sad. Attention flexibility moderated the influence of emotion on anticipation. For athletes with higher attention flexibility, no significant difference existed between the performance of serve anticipation in the state of joy and that in the state of sad; but for athletes with lower attention flexibility, the performance in the state of joy was better than that in the state of sad.
The research adopted covert attention orienting task and eye tracker to investigate the effect of attention flexibility on the relationship between emotion and anticipation. The results showed that the anticipation performance in the state of joy was significantly better than that in the state of sad. Attention flexibility moderated the influence of emotion on anticipation. For athletes with higher attention flexibility, no significant difference existed between the performance of serve anticipation in the state of joy and that in the state of sad; but for athletes with lower attention flexibility, the performance in the state of joy was better than that in the state of sad.
引文
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[2]迟立忠.运动认知心理学研究进展述评[J].北京体育大学学报,2012,35(9):10~15.
[3]Reid·Hastie,Robyn M.Dawes.(2013).不确定世界的理性选择——判断与决策心理学[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.
[4]刘建秀,林岭,张燕,李克雪,邱文豪.1980年以来我国竞技心理研究热点的计量学述评[J].体育科学,2015,35(7):74~82.
[5]Moore,L.J.,Vine,S.J.,Freeman,P.,&Wilson,M.R.Quiet eye training promotes challenge appraisals and aids performance under elevated anxiety[J].International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology.2013,11(2):169~183.
[6]Friesen,A.P.,Devonport,T.J.,Sellars,C.N.,&Lane,A.M.A narrative account of decision-making and interpersonal emotion regulation using a social-functional approach to emotions[J].International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology.2013,11(2).203~214.
[7]Johansen,B.T.,&Hungen,T.Anxiety level and decision-making among Norwegian top-class soccer referees[J].International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology.2013,11(2).215~226.
[8]Avugos,S.,Bar-Eli,M.,Ritov,Ilana.,&Sher,E.The elusive reality of efficacy-performance cycles in basketball shooting:An analysis of players’performance under invariant conditions.[J]International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology.2013,11(2).184~202.
[9]迟立忠,周湘文,戴劲.情绪变化对羽毛球决策速度准确性的影响[J].北京体育大学学报,2012,35(1),65~68.
[10]叶浣钰.情绪与工作记忆对羽毛球运动员决策的影响[D].北京体育大学.(2012).
[11]孙晓迪.情绪性质对篮球运动决策的影响—自尊的调节作用[D].北京体育大学.(2012).
[12]张素婷,迟立忠.情绪、情绪调节策略和人格特质对篮球运动员决策的影响.西南师范大学学报(自然科学版)[J].2013,38(4),123~129.
[13]张怡,周成林.网球运动员击球线路预判能力及ERP特征研究[J].体育科学,2012,32(12),24~34.
[14]马元广.情绪对注意灵活性的影响_任务难度和认知方式的调节作用[D].山东师范大学.
[15]毛伟宾,杨治良.工作记忆容量研究新进展[J].心理科学,2008,31(3),741~743.
[16]杨萌.工作记忆容量在注意瞬脱中的作用[D].南京师范大学.2007.
[17]刘小芹.体育学院乒乓球专项大学生发球预期判断的眼动特征与反应时研究[D].首都体育学院.2011.
[18]郑璞,刘聪慧,俞国良.情绪诱发方法评述[J].心理科学进展,2012,20(1),45-55.
[19]程勇民.知识表征、运动水平及其年龄对羽毛球竞赛情景中直觉性运动决策的影响[D].北京体育大学,2005.
[20]李芳,朱昭红,白学军.高兴和悲伤电影片段诱发情绪的有效性和时间进程[J].心理与行为研究,2008,7(1),32~38.
[21]廖彦罡.对环境主导注意型运动员注意机制的初步研究[D].北京体育大学,2003.
[22]张晓波,迟立忠.情绪调节与自控能力对足球运动员决策的影响[J].北京体育大学学报,2013,36(8),83~88.
[23]肖坤鹏.运动信息模式结构的时间和空间特征——基于排球发球落点判断的研究[J].吉林体育学院学报,2015,31(4),73~76.