职业环境对中国飞行员认知影响的ERP研究文献分析与展望
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摘要
通过文献分析总结了我国飞行员认知的事件相关电位(event related potentials,ERP)研究现状、特点及不足,提出了未来的研究方向。结论:1)目前及未来5年我国相关研究处于指数或线性增长阶段;2)相关研究视角主要集中于飞行员的一般及专项认知能力特征,模拟低氧、失重、睡眠剥夺与中枢疲劳对飞行员认知加工能力的影响等;3)相关研究还存在生态效度不高、研究设计简单、民航飞行员研究缺失等不足;4)根据存在问题及实践需要提出了未来研究的主要方向。
The current status,the existing problems and the future research directions of cognition research with ERP in Chinese pilots were summarized through literature analysis. Conclusion: 1) At present and in the next five years,the ERP research on the pilots cognition in China is in the exponential or linear developing stage; 2) The related research perspectives mainly concentrate in the general and special cognitive ability traits of pilots,and the effects of simulated hypoxia,weightlessness,sleep deprivation and the central fatigue on the cognitive processing abilities of pilots; 3) The domestic related researches still have the shortages of lower ecological validity,simple design and lack of the research on airline pilots etc; 4) According to the existing problems and the practical needs,the main research directions in the future was put forward.
The current status,the existing problems and the future research directions of cognition research with ERP in Chinese pilots were summarized through literature analysis. Conclusion: 1) At present and in the next five years,the ERP research on the pilots cognition in China is in the exponential or linear developing stage; 2) The related research perspectives mainly concentrate in the general and special cognitive ability traits of pilots,and the effects of simulated hypoxia,weightlessness,sleep deprivation and the central fatigue on the cognitive processing abilities of pilots; 3) The domestic related researches still have the shortages of lower ecological validity,simple design and lack of the research on airline pilots etc; 4) According to the existing problems and the practical needs,the main research directions in the future was put forward.
引文
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[7]吕静.脑力疲劳状态下注意特征及情绪变化的ERP研究[D].西安:第四军医大学,2008.LüJ.ERP study of attention and emotion change in the mental fatigue[D].Xi’an:The Fourth Military Medical University,2008.
[8]完颜笑如,庄达民,刘伟,等.与飞行任务相关的认知负荷对听觉事件相关电位的影响[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2011,47(6):995-1002.Wanyan XR,Zhuang DM,Liu W et al.Effect to the auditory event related potential of cognitive load associated with the flight tasks[J].Journal of Peking University(Natural Science Edition),2011,47(6):995-1002.
[9]夏曦.脑力负荷下人因失误的实验研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2013.Xia X.Experimental study on human errors under the mental workload[D].Chengdu:Southwestern University,2013.
[10]宋国平,张侃.不同时间睡眠剥夺对抑制能力的影响[J].心理科学,2010,33(2):266-269.Song GP,Zhang K.Effects of different time sleep deprivations on inhibition ability[J].Psychological Science,2010,33(2):266-269.
[11]陈建章.睡眠剥夺对风险决策结果评价的影响研究[D].西安:第四军医大学,2012.Chen JZ.Effects of sleep deprivation on the risk decision results assessment[D].Xi’an:The Fourth Military Medical U-niversity,2012.
[12]廖春华,刘朝晖,魏莹.36 h睡眠剥夺对事件相关电位N270影响的对照研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2015,15(23):4498-4501.Liao CH,Liu ZH,Wei Y.A comparative study of 36 h sleep deprivation’effect on the event related potential N270[J].Progress in Modern Biomedicine,2015,15(23):4498-4501.
[13]王富贵,齐建林,邵永聪.恢复性睡眠影响执行功能的事件相关电位研究[J].军事医学科学院院刊,2010,34(1):46-50.Wang FG,Qi JL,Shao YC.The event related potential study on the effect of recovery sleep on executive function[J].Bulletin of The Academy of Military Medical Sciences,2010,34(1):46-50.
[14]Snyder AZ,Raichle ME.A brief history of the resting state:The Washington University perspective[J].Neuroimage,2012,62(2):902-910.
[15]程宏伟,马瑞山,倪鹤鹦,等.轻、中度缺氧对事件相关电位的影响及不同刺激模式的比较[J].航天医学与医学工程,1999,12(1):23-27.Cheng HW,Ma RS,Ni HY et al.The effect of mild and middle hypoxia on the event related potential and the comparison of different stimulus patterns[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,1999,12(1):23-27.
[16]程宏伟,秦云,马瑞山,等.急性缺氧条件下脑认知功能发生障碍的时段[J].航天医学与医学工程,2001,14(3):218-220.Cheng HW,Qin Y,Ma RS et al.Brain cognitive function disorder period during hypoxia[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2001,14(3):218-220.
[17]谢新民,文亚兰.长期低氧环境暴露对认知功能影响[J].中国公共卫生,2008,24(7):814-815.Xie XM,Wen YL.Effects of exposure in chronic hypoxic environment on cognitive function[J].Chinese public health,2008,24(7):814-815.
[18]Singh SB,Thakur L.Effect of chronic hypoxia on components of the human event related potential[J].Indian J Med Res,2004,120(2):94-99.
[19]Magliero A,Bashore TR,Coles M.On the dependence of P300 latency on stimulus evaluation process[J].Psychophisiology,1984,21(3):171-186.
[20]陈勇胜,王致洁,焦志刚,等.下体负压晕厥前症状下事件相关电位变化特征[J].中华航空航天医学杂志,1998,9(4):220-222.Chen YS,Wang ZJ,Jiao ZG et al.The change characters of event-related potentials under LBNP presyncope[J].Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine,1998,9(4):220-222.
[21]韩文强,胡文东,马瑞山,等.G+作用下人体事件相关电位P300及工效学指标的改变[J].中国临床康复,2004,8(1):98-100.Han WQ,Hu WD,Ma RS et al.The change of event related potential P300 and human body efficiency indexes under the G+action[J].Chinese Journal of clinical rehabilitation,2004,8(1):98-100.
[22]朱填莉,张茜茹,段娇博,等.短期模拟失重对男性客体心理旋转能力的影响[J].第三军医大学学报,2013,35(20):2151-2154.Niu TL,Zhang QR,Dan JB et al.The effects of short-term simulated weightlessness on male object mental rotation ability[J].Journal of Third Military Medical University,2013,35(20):2151-2154.
[23]王华叶,林岭.优秀民航飞行员心理特征实证研究[J].航天医学与医学工程,2011,24(4):306-308.Wang HY,Lin L.An empirical study on the psychological characteristics of excellent civil aviation pilots[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2011,24(4):306-308.
[24]Causse M,Peysakhovich V&Fabre EF.High working memory load impairs language processing during a simulated piloting task:An ERP and pupillometry study[J].Int J Aviat Psychol,2016,25(10):240-255.
[25]刘志方,苏衡.航空环境中情景意识的个体差异和任务难度差异检测[J].应用心理学,2016,22(1):12-25.Liu ZF,Su H.The detection of individual and task difficulty differences of situational awareness in aviation environment[J].Applied Psychology,2016,22(1):12-25.
[26]Causse M,Dehais F,Arexis M et al.Cognitive aging and flight performances in general aviation pilots[J].Neuropsychol Dev Cogn,2011,18(5):544-561.
[27]MA Boksem,MM Lorist.Effects of mental fatigue on attention:An ERP study[J].Cognitive Brain Research,2005,25(1):107-116.
[28]Stagg C,Hindley P,Tales A.Visual mismatch negativity:The detection of stimulus change[J].Neuro report,2004,15(4):659-663.
[29]Prull MW.Attention and repetition priming in the verb generation task[J].Acta Psychologica,2013,143(2):218-226.
[30]Takahashi S,Ukai S.Reduction of cortical GABA ergic inhibition correlates with working memory impairment in recent onset schizophrenia[J].Schizophr Res,2013,146(1-3):238-243.
[31]刘建秀,林岭.FRANKE任务诱发的运动员中枢疲劳对被试的选择性注意与非随意注意能力的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2016,34(9):837-843.Liu JX,Lin L.The effect of athletes'central fatigue induced by FRANKE task on the selective attention and the involuntary attention ability of the subjects[J].Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine,2016,34(9):837-843.
[32]Elton M,Span M.Why do we produce errors of commission?An ERP study of stimulus deviance detection and error monitoring in a choice go/no go task[J].European Journal of Neuroscience,2004,20(7):1960-1968.
[33]吴梅婷,林岭.脑超慢涨落技术在我国体育领域应用研究现状[J].中国运动医学杂志,2016,35(4):394-398.Wu MT,Lin L.The application research situation in sports field of brain super slow fluctuation technology in China[J].Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine,2016,35(4):394-398.
[34]姜劲,焦学军,张朕,等.利用f NIRs研究噪声环境下脑力负荷变化规律[J].航天医学与医学工程,2016,29(5):339-346.Jiang J,Jiao XJ,Zhang Z et al.The change rule of mental workload in noisy environment with f NIRs[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2016,29(5):339-346.
[2]陈文明,王文蛟,方昭庚.飞行员人格特征、心理健康状况与听觉P300[J].临床脑电学杂志,1997,6(4):226-228.Chen WM,Wang WJ,Fang SG.The personality characteristics,mental health status and auditory P300 of pilots[J].Journal of Clinical EEG,1997,6(4):226-228.
[3]闫静.不同刺激物在视觉空间认知中的事件相关电位研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2009.Yan J.Event related potentials study in visual spatial cognition of different stimuli[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Traffic University,2009.
[4]刘练红,刘旭峰,苗丹民,等.分类任务与心理旋转任务的事件相关电位P300比较[J].中国行为医学科学,2005,14(11):1013-1015.Liu LH,liu XF,Miao DM et al.The event related potential P300 comparison of classification and mental rotation tasks[J].Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Science,2005,14(11):1013-1015.
[5]毛艳.场依存性与场独立性个体在认知控制中的基本脑机制及其时间进程的研究[D].成都:西南大学,2010.Mao Y.The study of basic brain mechanisms in the cognitive control and time course of the field dependence and field independent individuals[D].Chengdu:Southwestern University,2010.
[6]杨博.脑力疲劳状态下人脑自动信息加工和冲突信息加工能力变化的ERP研究[D].西安:第四军医大学,2009.Yang B.Study of ERP on the change of information automatic processing and conflict processing ability in the mental fatigue[D].Xi’an:The Fourth Military Medical University,2009.
[7]吕静.脑力疲劳状态下注意特征及情绪变化的ERP研究[D].西安:第四军医大学,2008.LüJ.ERP study of attention and emotion change in the mental fatigue[D].Xi’an:The Fourth Military Medical University,2008.
[8]完颜笑如,庄达民,刘伟,等.与飞行任务相关的认知负荷对听觉事件相关电位的影响[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2011,47(6):995-1002.Wanyan XR,Zhuang DM,Liu W et al.Effect to the auditory event related potential of cognitive load associated with the flight tasks[J].Journal of Peking University(Natural Science Edition),2011,47(6):995-1002.
[9]夏曦.脑力负荷下人因失误的实验研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2013.Xia X.Experimental study on human errors under the mental workload[D].Chengdu:Southwestern University,2013.
[10]宋国平,张侃.不同时间睡眠剥夺对抑制能力的影响[J].心理科学,2010,33(2):266-269.Song GP,Zhang K.Effects of different time sleep deprivations on inhibition ability[J].Psychological Science,2010,33(2):266-269.
[11]陈建章.睡眠剥夺对风险决策结果评价的影响研究[D].西安:第四军医大学,2012.Chen JZ.Effects of sleep deprivation on the risk decision results assessment[D].Xi’an:The Fourth Military Medical U-niversity,2012.
[12]廖春华,刘朝晖,魏莹.36 h睡眠剥夺对事件相关电位N270影响的对照研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2015,15(23):4498-4501.Liao CH,Liu ZH,Wei Y.A comparative study of 36 h sleep deprivation’effect on the event related potential N270[J].Progress in Modern Biomedicine,2015,15(23):4498-4501.
[13]王富贵,齐建林,邵永聪.恢复性睡眠影响执行功能的事件相关电位研究[J].军事医学科学院院刊,2010,34(1):46-50.Wang FG,Qi JL,Shao YC.The event related potential study on the effect of recovery sleep on executive function[J].Bulletin of The Academy of Military Medical Sciences,2010,34(1):46-50.
[14]Snyder AZ,Raichle ME.A brief history of the resting state:The Washington University perspective[J].Neuroimage,2012,62(2):902-910.
[15]程宏伟,马瑞山,倪鹤鹦,等.轻、中度缺氧对事件相关电位的影响及不同刺激模式的比较[J].航天医学与医学工程,1999,12(1):23-27.Cheng HW,Ma RS,Ni HY et al.The effect of mild and middle hypoxia on the event related potential and the comparison of different stimulus patterns[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,1999,12(1):23-27.
[16]程宏伟,秦云,马瑞山,等.急性缺氧条件下脑认知功能发生障碍的时段[J].航天医学与医学工程,2001,14(3):218-220.Cheng HW,Qin Y,Ma RS et al.Brain cognitive function disorder period during hypoxia[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2001,14(3):218-220.
[17]谢新民,文亚兰.长期低氧环境暴露对认知功能影响[J].中国公共卫生,2008,24(7):814-815.Xie XM,Wen YL.Effects of exposure in chronic hypoxic environment on cognitive function[J].Chinese public health,2008,24(7):814-815.
[18]Singh SB,Thakur L.Effect of chronic hypoxia on components of the human event related potential[J].Indian J Med Res,2004,120(2):94-99.
[19]Magliero A,Bashore TR,Coles M.On the dependence of P300 latency on stimulus evaluation process[J].Psychophisiology,1984,21(3):171-186.
[20]陈勇胜,王致洁,焦志刚,等.下体负压晕厥前症状下事件相关电位变化特征[J].中华航空航天医学杂志,1998,9(4):220-222.Chen YS,Wang ZJ,Jiao ZG et al.The change characters of event-related potentials under LBNP presyncope[J].Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine,1998,9(4):220-222.
[21]韩文强,胡文东,马瑞山,等.G+作用下人体事件相关电位P300及工效学指标的改变[J].中国临床康复,2004,8(1):98-100.Han WQ,Hu WD,Ma RS et al.The change of event related potential P300 and human body efficiency indexes under the G+action[J].Chinese Journal of clinical rehabilitation,2004,8(1):98-100.
[22]朱填莉,张茜茹,段娇博,等.短期模拟失重对男性客体心理旋转能力的影响[J].第三军医大学学报,2013,35(20):2151-2154.Niu TL,Zhang QR,Dan JB et al.The effects of short-term simulated weightlessness on male object mental rotation ability[J].Journal of Third Military Medical University,2013,35(20):2151-2154.
[23]王华叶,林岭.优秀民航飞行员心理特征实证研究[J].航天医学与医学工程,2011,24(4):306-308.Wang HY,Lin L.An empirical study on the psychological characteristics of excellent civil aviation pilots[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2011,24(4):306-308.
[24]Causse M,Peysakhovich V&Fabre EF.High working memory load impairs language processing during a simulated piloting task:An ERP and pupillometry study[J].Int J Aviat Psychol,2016,25(10):240-255.
[25]刘志方,苏衡.航空环境中情景意识的个体差异和任务难度差异检测[J].应用心理学,2016,22(1):12-25.Liu ZF,Su H.The detection of individual and task difficulty differences of situational awareness in aviation environment[J].Applied Psychology,2016,22(1):12-25.
[26]Causse M,Dehais F,Arexis M et al.Cognitive aging and flight performances in general aviation pilots[J].Neuropsychol Dev Cogn,2011,18(5):544-561.
[27]MA Boksem,MM Lorist.Effects of mental fatigue on attention:An ERP study[J].Cognitive Brain Research,2005,25(1):107-116.
[28]Stagg C,Hindley P,Tales A.Visual mismatch negativity:The detection of stimulus change[J].Neuro report,2004,15(4):659-663.
[29]Prull MW.Attention and repetition priming in the verb generation task[J].Acta Psychologica,2013,143(2):218-226.
[30]Takahashi S,Ukai S.Reduction of cortical GABA ergic inhibition correlates with working memory impairment in recent onset schizophrenia[J].Schizophr Res,2013,146(1-3):238-243.
[31]刘建秀,林岭.FRANKE任务诱发的运动员中枢疲劳对被试的选择性注意与非随意注意能力的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2016,34(9):837-843.Liu JX,Lin L.The effect of athletes'central fatigue induced by FRANKE task on the selective attention and the involuntary attention ability of the subjects[J].Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine,2016,34(9):837-843.
[32]Elton M,Span M.Why do we produce errors of commission?An ERP study of stimulus deviance detection and error monitoring in a choice go/no go task[J].European Journal of Neuroscience,2004,20(7):1960-1968.
[33]吴梅婷,林岭.脑超慢涨落技术在我国体育领域应用研究现状[J].中国运动医学杂志,2016,35(4):394-398.Wu MT,Lin L.The application research situation in sports field of brain super slow fluctuation technology in China[J].Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine,2016,35(4):394-398.
[34]姜劲,焦学军,张朕,等.利用f NIRs研究噪声环境下脑力负荷变化规律[J].航天医学与医学工程,2016,29(5):339-346.Jiang J,Jiao XJ,Zhang Z et al.The change rule of mental workload in noisy environment with f NIRs[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2016,29(5):339-346.