施用腐殖酸肥料对猕猴桃果实品质和产量的影响
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摘要
为探求腐殖酸叶面肥在猕猴桃果树上施用的最佳质量浓度,以‘徐香’猕猴桃为试验材料,研究不同质量浓度腐殖酸叶面肥对猕猴桃果实品质和产量的影响。设置5个质量浓度梯度处理:处理1(腐殖酸0g/L),处理2(腐殖酸0.15g/L),处理3(腐殖酸0.3g/L),处理4(腐殖酸0.45g/L),处理5(腐殖酸0.6g/L),每个处理3个重复。于2017年猕猴桃坐果后10d、20d、30d共喷施3次,每次喷施量为200L/667m~2。结果表明:腐殖酸质量浓度过高或过低均不能使果实产量与品质达到最优,综合产量与品质,处理3质量浓度最优。回归拟合结果为产量和品质各指标与腐殖酸质量浓度均存在显著的二次相关关系,产量最高时腐殖酸质量浓度为0.349g/L,果实品质各指标最优时腐殖酸质量浓度均为0.3～0.4g/L。
To explore the optimal mass concentration of humic acid foliar fertilizer applied on kiwifruit fruit trees,‘Xuxiang'kiwifruit was used as an experimental material to study the effects of different mass concentrations of humic acid foliar fertilizers on fruit quality and the yield of kiwifruit.And there are 5 mass concentration gradients were set,treatment 1(humic acid 0 g/L),treatment 2(humic acid0.15 g/L),treatment 3(humic acid 0.3 g/L),treatment 4(humic acid 0.45 g/L),treatment 5(humic acid 0.6 g/L),3 replicates per treatment.Kiwi fruit was sprayed 3 times on days 10,20 and 30 after fruit set,and the amount of spray was 200 L/667 m~2.The result showed that no matter how much the mass concentration of humic acid is,the yield and quality of fruit cannot be optimized.To sum it up,regarding its yield and quality,the mass concentration of treatment 3 is the optimal.The result of regression fitting showed that there was a significant quadratic correlation between yield,quality indicators and humic acid mass concentration.When the yield reaches the top,the humic acid mass concentration was 0.349 g/L,and the humic acid mass concentration was optimal in all indicators of fruit quality.0.3-0.4 g/L.
To explore the optimal mass concentration of humic acid foliar fertilizer applied on kiwifruit fruit trees,‘Xuxiang'kiwifruit was used as an experimental material to study the effects of different mass concentrations of humic acid foliar fertilizers on fruit quality and the yield of kiwifruit.And there are 5 mass concentration gradients were set,treatment 1(humic acid 0 g/L),treatment 2(humic acid0.15 g/L),treatment 3(humic acid 0.3 g/L),treatment 4(humic acid 0.45 g/L),treatment 5(humic acid 0.6 g/L),3 replicates per treatment.Kiwi fruit was sprayed 3 times on days 10,20 and 30 after fruit set,and the amount of spray was 200 L/667 m~2.The result showed that no matter how much the mass concentration of humic acid is,the yield and quality of fruit cannot be optimized.To sum it up,regarding its yield and quality,the mass concentration of treatment 3 is the optimal.The result of regression fitting showed that there was a significant quadratic correlation between yield,quality indicators and humic acid mass concentration.When the yield reaches the top,the humic acid mass concentration was 0.349 g/L,and the humic acid mass concentration was optimal in all indicators of fruit quality.0.3-0.4 g/L.
引文
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[9]李润丰,赵希艳,高亚弟.2,6-二氯靛酚反滴定法测定红色果蔬中还原型VC[J].营养学报,2012,34(5):507-509.LI R F,ZHAO X Y,GAO Y D.Determination of reduced VCin red fruits and vegetables with 2,6-dichloroindophenol reverse titration method[J].Chinese Journal of Nutrition,2012,34(5):507-509.
[10]李兴杰,胡笑涛,杨鑫,等.腐植酸对水培生菜生长和品质的影响[J].西北农业学报,2016,25(11):1679-1685.LI X J,HU X T,YANG X,et al.The effect of humic acid on the growth and quality of hydroponic lettuce[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2016,25(11):1679-1685.
[11]IBRAHIM E A,RAMADAN W A.Effect of zinc foliar spray alone and combined with humic acid or/and chitosan on growth,nutrient elements content and yield of dry bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)plants sown at different dates[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2015,184:101-105.
[12]ELBASSIOUNY H S M,BAKRY B A,EL-MONEM AA,et al.Physiological role of humic acid and nicotinamide on improving plant growth,yield,and mineral nutrient of wheat(Triticum durum)grown under newly reclaimed sandy soil[J].Agricultural Sciences,2014,5(5):687-700.
[13]CANELLAS L P,PICCOLO A,DOBBSS L B,et al.Chemical composition and bioactivity properties of sizefractions separated from a vermicompost humic acid[J].Chemosphere,2010,78(4):456-466.
[14]EIGHAMRY A M,ELHAI K M A,GHONEEM K M.Amino and humic acids promote growth,yield and disease resistance of faba bean cultivated in clayey soil[J].Australian Journal of Basic Applied Sciences,2009,3(2):731-739.
[15]PIZZEGHELLO D,FRANCIOSO O,ERTANI A,et al.Isopentenyladenosine and cytokinin-like activity of different humic substances[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2013,129(6):70-75.
[16]李燕婷,李秀英,肖艳,等.叶面肥的营养机理及应用研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(1):162-172.LI Y T,LI X Y,XIAO Y,et al.Research progress on nutrition mechanism and application of foliar fertilizer[J].Chinese Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2009,42(1):162-172.
[17]张继舟,袁磊,马献发.腐植酸对设施土壤的养分、盐分及番茄产量和品质的影响研究[J].腐植酸,2008(3):19-22.ZHANG J ZH,YUAN L,MA X F.Effect of humic acid on soil nutrients,salinity and tomato yield and quality in greenhouse soil[J].Humic Acid,2008(3):19-22.
[18]周超,周传余,徐婷,等.腐植酸液体叶面肥对大棚西瓜产量和品质的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013(9):36-38.ZHOU CH,ZHOU CH Y,XU T,et al.Effect of humic acid liquid foliar fertilizer on yield and quality of greenhouse watermelon[J].Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences,2013(9):36-38.
[19]梁文旭.腐殖酸对烤烟光合性能及产质量的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2004(5):30-33.LIANG W X.Effects of humic acid on photosynthetic performance,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco[J].Hunan Agricultural Science,2004(5):30-33.
[20]李明军,刘军,梁东,等.猕猴桃GalUR表达与抗坏血酸积累的关系[J].园艺学报,2011,38(9):1641-1649.LI M J,LIU J,LIANG D,et al.Relationship between GalUR expression and ascorbate accumulation in kiwifruit[J].Journal of Horticulture,2011,38(9):1641-1649.
[21]马继红,寇太记,李威,等.腐殖酸对丹参干物质积累与养分利用的影响[J].山东农业科学,2012,44(1):63-67.MA J H,KOU T J,LI W,et al.Effect of humic acid on dry matter accumulation and nutrient utilization of salvia[J].Shandong Agricultural Sciences,2012,44(1):63-67.
[22]苏长青.叶面喷施腐植酸钾对黄冠梨产量和果实品质的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2009(6):385-386.SU CH Q.Effect of foliar application of potassium humate on yield and fruit quality of Huangguan pear[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2009(6):385-386.
[23]张显东,王培顺,王兴远,等.腐植酸有机肥对菜豆产量和品质的影响[J].现代农业科技,2011(13):279-283.ZHANG X D,WANG P SH,WANG X Y,et al.Effect of humic acid organic fertilizer on yield and quality of kidney bean[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2011(13):279-283.
[2]BANDIERA M,MOSCA G,VAMERALI T.Humic acids affect root characteristics of fodder radish(Raphanus sativus L.var.oleiformis Pers.)in metal-polluted wastes[J].Desalination,2009,246(1):78-79.
[3]张水勤,袁亮,林治安,等.腐植酸促进植物生长的机理研究进展[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(4):1065-1076.ZHANG SH Q,YUAN L,LIN ZH A,et al.Research progress on the mechanism of humic acid to promote plant growth[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2017,23(4):1065-1076.
[4]FAN H M,WANG X W,SUN X,et al.Effects of humic acid derived from sediments on growth,photosynthesis and chloroplast ultrastructure in chrysanthemum[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2014,177:118-123.
[5]程亮,张保林,王杰,等.腐植酸肥料的研究进展[J].中国土壤与肥料,2011(5):1-6.CHENG L,ZHANG B L,WANG J,et al.Research progress of humic acid fertilizers[J].Soil and Fertilizer Sciences of China,2011(5):1-6.
[6]YILDIRM E.Foliar and soil fertilization of humic acid affect productivity and quality of tomato[J].Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B-Plant Soil Science,2007,57(2):182-186.
[7]NADA P,TOMISLAV V,VINKOVIC-IVANA V,et al.Effect of natural biostimulants on yield and nutritional quality:an example of sweet yellow pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)plants[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2011,91(12):2146-2152.
[8]张进,吴良欢,孔向军,等.铁锌混合肥喷施对豌豆子粒铁、锌、可溶性糖和维生素C含量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(2):245-249.ZHANG J,WU L H,KONG X J,et al.Effect of iron-zinc mixed fertilizer spraying on iron,zinc,soluble sugar and vitamin C content in pea seeds[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,2006,12(2):245-249.
[9]李润丰,赵希艳,高亚弟.2,6-二氯靛酚反滴定法测定红色果蔬中还原型VC[J].营养学报,2012,34(5):507-509.LI R F,ZHAO X Y,GAO Y D.Determination of reduced VCin red fruits and vegetables with 2,6-dichloroindophenol reverse titration method[J].Chinese Journal of Nutrition,2012,34(5):507-509.
[10]李兴杰,胡笑涛,杨鑫,等.腐植酸对水培生菜生长和品质的影响[J].西北农业学报,2016,25(11):1679-1685.LI X J,HU X T,YANG X,et al.The effect of humic acid on the growth and quality of hydroponic lettuce[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2016,25(11):1679-1685.
[11]IBRAHIM E A,RAMADAN W A.Effect of zinc foliar spray alone and combined with humic acid or/and chitosan on growth,nutrient elements content and yield of dry bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)plants sown at different dates[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2015,184:101-105.
[12]ELBASSIOUNY H S M,BAKRY B A,EL-MONEM AA,et al.Physiological role of humic acid and nicotinamide on improving plant growth,yield,and mineral nutrient of wheat(Triticum durum)grown under newly reclaimed sandy soil[J].Agricultural Sciences,2014,5(5):687-700.
[13]CANELLAS L P,PICCOLO A,DOBBSS L B,et al.Chemical composition and bioactivity properties of sizefractions separated from a vermicompost humic acid[J].Chemosphere,2010,78(4):456-466.
[14]EIGHAMRY A M,ELHAI K M A,GHONEEM K M.Amino and humic acids promote growth,yield and disease resistance of faba bean cultivated in clayey soil[J].Australian Journal of Basic Applied Sciences,2009,3(2):731-739.
[15]PIZZEGHELLO D,FRANCIOSO O,ERTANI A,et al.Isopentenyladenosine and cytokinin-like activity of different humic substances[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2013,129(6):70-75.
[16]李燕婷,李秀英,肖艳,等.叶面肥的营养机理及应用研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(1):162-172.LI Y T,LI X Y,XIAO Y,et al.Research progress on nutrition mechanism and application of foliar fertilizer[J].Chinese Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2009,42(1):162-172.
[17]张继舟,袁磊,马献发.腐植酸对设施土壤的养分、盐分及番茄产量和品质的影响研究[J].腐植酸,2008(3):19-22.ZHANG J ZH,YUAN L,MA X F.Effect of humic acid on soil nutrients,salinity and tomato yield and quality in greenhouse soil[J].Humic Acid,2008(3):19-22.
[18]周超,周传余,徐婷,等.腐植酸液体叶面肥对大棚西瓜产量和品质的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013(9):36-38.ZHOU CH,ZHOU CH Y,XU T,et al.Effect of humic acid liquid foliar fertilizer on yield and quality of greenhouse watermelon[J].Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences,2013(9):36-38.
[19]梁文旭.腐殖酸对烤烟光合性能及产质量的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2004(5):30-33.LIANG W X.Effects of humic acid on photosynthetic performance,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco[J].Hunan Agricultural Science,2004(5):30-33.
[20]李明军,刘军,梁东,等.猕猴桃GalUR表达与抗坏血酸积累的关系[J].园艺学报,2011,38(9):1641-1649.LI M J,LIU J,LIANG D,et al.Relationship between GalUR expression and ascorbate accumulation in kiwifruit[J].Journal of Horticulture,2011,38(9):1641-1649.
[21]马继红,寇太记,李威,等.腐殖酸对丹参干物质积累与养分利用的影响[J].山东农业科学,2012,44(1):63-67.MA J H,KOU T J,LI W,et al.Effect of humic acid on dry matter accumulation and nutrient utilization of salvia[J].Shandong Agricultural Sciences,2012,44(1):63-67.
[22]苏长青.叶面喷施腐植酸钾对黄冠梨产量和果实品质的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2009(6):385-386.SU CH Q.Effect of foliar application of potassium humate on yield and fruit quality of Huangguan pear[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2009(6):385-386.
[23]张显东,王培顺,王兴远,等.腐植酸有机肥对菜豆产量和品质的影响[J].现代农业科技,2011(13):279-283.ZHANG X D,WANG P SH,WANG X Y,et al.Effect of humic acid organic fertilizer on yield and quality of kidney bean[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2011(13):279-283.