苯对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的毒性作用
|
摘要
在水培条件下,通过测定小麦发芽率、出苗率、根长、株高的生长指标,叶绿素含量、丙二醛含量及过氧化物酶活性等生理指标探究不同质量浓度苯对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的毒性作用。结果表明,苯对小麦种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和出苗率影响较小,却可延缓其出苗速度;对小麦幼苗的根长和根鲜质量、根干质量、苗鲜质量及苗干质量有明显的抑制作用,且质量浓度越高抑制作用越强,但对其株高无明显的抑制作用。苯对幼苗叶片中的叶绿素a、叶绿素b及总叶绿素含量有明显的抑制作用,随质量浓度增加抑制作用增强,当苯质量浓度为25 mg/L时,叶绿素含量下降幅度最大;对叶片中过氧化物酶活性也有明显的抑制作用,抑制程度随质量浓度的升高而增大;叶片中丙二醛含量随苯质量浓度的升高而增大。
This paper studied the toxic effects of different concentrations of benzene on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat by the method of water culture experiments, and testified the physiological response of germination rate, root length, seeding height, chlorophyll content, MDA content and activity of POD. The results showed that benzene had little effects on the germination rate,germination energy, germination index and emergence rate of wheat seeds, but delayed the speed of seeding emergence. Benzene had obvious inhibition effect on roots length, fresh and dry quality of root, fresh and dry quality of wheat seeding, and the inhibition effect increased with the increase of concentration of benzene, but had no obvious inhibition effect on plant height seeding. Benzene had significantly inhibition effect on chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content of wheat leaves, their contents decreased the most by treating with 25 mg/L benzene. Benzene had obvious inhibition effect on POD activity of wheat seeding, and the inhibition effect increased with the increase of concentration of benzene. And the MDA content in wheat leaves increased with benzene concentrations increasing.
This paper studied the toxic effects of different concentrations of benzene on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat by the method of water culture experiments, and testified the physiological response of germination rate, root length, seeding height, chlorophyll content, MDA content and activity of POD. The results showed that benzene had little effects on the germination rate,germination energy, germination index and emergence rate of wheat seeds, but delayed the speed of seeding emergence. Benzene had obvious inhibition effect on roots length, fresh and dry quality of root, fresh and dry quality of wheat seeding, and the inhibition effect increased with the increase of concentration of benzene, but had no obvious inhibition effect on plant height seeding. Benzene had significantly inhibition effect on chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content of wheat leaves, their contents decreased the most by treating with 25 mg/L benzene. Benzene had obvious inhibition effect on POD activity of wheat seeding, and the inhibition effect increased with the increase of concentration of benzene. And the MDA content in wheat leaves increased with benzene concentrations increasing.
引文
[1]张国良,陈文军,王显,等.小麦苗期对1,2,4-三氯苯胁迫的响应[J].生态学报,2008,28(9):4388-4395.
[2]PELEG Z,BLUMWALD E.Hormone balance and abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2011,14(3):290-295.
[3]杨兰芳,祁士华,李海波,等.作物生长对土壤苯并[a]蒽(Ba A)污染的响应[J].湖北大学学报,2010,32(1):101-105.
[4]刘垚,张薇,刘铭达.镉-苯并(a)芘单一及复合污染对小麦种子萌发的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(2):265-269.
[5]刘小民,陶波.硝基苯胁迫对豆类种子萌发及幼苗生长影响的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(5):1797-1800.
[6]万寅婧,占新华,周立祥.土壤中芘、菲、萘、苯对小麦的生态毒性影响[J].中国环境科学,2005,25(5):563-566.
[7]金阳,葛才林,杨小勇,等.氯苯对小麦抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].核农学报,2003,17(4):296-300.
[8]王英典,刘宁.植物生物学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001:54-58.
[9]张志良.植物生理学实验指导[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,1990:154-155.
[10]董涛,王兰,杨雪娇.氰对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长生态毒理效应的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(5):1919-1924.
[11]宋玉芳,周启星,许华夏,等.菲、芘、1,2,4-三氯苯对土壤高等植物根伸长抑制的生态毒性效应[J].生态学报,2002,22(11):1945-1950.
[12]刘克彪,姜生秀.干旱和钠盐胁迫对罗布麻种子萌发的影响[J].草业学报,2016,25(5):214-221.
[13]SETSUNGNERN A,TREESUBSUNTORN C,THIRAVETYAN P.The influence of different light quality and benzene on gene expression and benzene degradation of Chlorophytum comosum[J].Plant Physiol Biochem,2017,120:95-102.
[14]刘宛,孙铁珩,周启星,等.氯苯胁迫对大豆种子萌发的伤害[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(2):141,144.
[15]石瑛,杜青平,李砧.1,4-二氯苯对小白菜种子萌发和幼苗的毒性[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(10):1178-1184.
[16]李云玲,魏海英,李子华,等.菲、萘对小麦种子的生态毒性效应[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(7):64-68.
[17]邢维芹,骆永明,吴龙华,等.多环芳烃对冬小麦早期生长的研究[J].土壤学报,2008,45(16):1170-1173.
[18]丁克强,骆永明,刘世亮.多环芳烃对土壤中小麦发育的生态毒性效应[J].南京工程学院学报,2008,6(2):52-56.
[19]徐应明,袁志华,李军幸,等.氯苯、硝基苯胁迫对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生理特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2004,23(5):6-9.
[20]杜青平,贾晓珊,袁保红.1,2,4-三氯苯对水稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的毒性机理[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(11):2185-2188.
[21]STOM D J.Effect of polyphenols on shoot and root growth and on seed germination[J].Biologia Plantarum,1982,24(1):1-6.
[2]PELEG Z,BLUMWALD E.Hormone balance and abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2011,14(3):290-295.
[3]杨兰芳,祁士华,李海波,等.作物生长对土壤苯并[a]蒽(Ba A)污染的响应[J].湖北大学学报,2010,32(1):101-105.
[4]刘垚,张薇,刘铭达.镉-苯并(a)芘单一及复合污染对小麦种子萌发的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(2):265-269.
[5]刘小民,陶波.硝基苯胁迫对豆类种子萌发及幼苗生长影响的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(5):1797-1800.
[6]万寅婧,占新华,周立祥.土壤中芘、菲、萘、苯对小麦的生态毒性影响[J].中国环境科学,2005,25(5):563-566.
[7]金阳,葛才林,杨小勇,等.氯苯对小麦抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].核农学报,2003,17(4):296-300.
[8]王英典,刘宁.植物生物学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001:54-58.
[9]张志良.植物生理学实验指导[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,1990:154-155.
[10]董涛,王兰,杨雪娇.氰对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长生态毒理效应的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(5):1919-1924.
[11]宋玉芳,周启星,许华夏,等.菲、芘、1,2,4-三氯苯对土壤高等植物根伸长抑制的生态毒性效应[J].生态学报,2002,22(11):1945-1950.
[12]刘克彪,姜生秀.干旱和钠盐胁迫对罗布麻种子萌发的影响[J].草业学报,2016,25(5):214-221.
[13]SETSUNGNERN A,TREESUBSUNTORN C,THIRAVETYAN P.The influence of different light quality and benzene on gene expression and benzene degradation of Chlorophytum comosum[J].Plant Physiol Biochem,2017,120:95-102.
[14]刘宛,孙铁珩,周启星,等.氯苯胁迫对大豆种子萌发的伤害[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(2):141,144.
[15]石瑛,杜青平,李砧.1,4-二氯苯对小白菜种子萌发和幼苗的毒性[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(10):1178-1184.
[16]李云玲,魏海英,李子华,等.菲、萘对小麦种子的生态毒性效应[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(7):64-68.
[17]邢维芹,骆永明,吴龙华,等.多环芳烃对冬小麦早期生长的研究[J].土壤学报,2008,45(16):1170-1173.
[18]丁克强,骆永明,刘世亮.多环芳烃对土壤中小麦发育的生态毒性效应[J].南京工程学院学报,2008,6(2):52-56.
[19]徐应明,袁志华,李军幸,等.氯苯、硝基苯胁迫对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生理特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2004,23(5):6-9.
[20]杜青平,贾晓珊,袁保红.1,2,4-三氯苯对水稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的毒性机理[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(11):2185-2188.
[21]STOM D J.Effect of polyphenols on shoot and root growth and on seed germination[J].Biologia Plantarum,1982,24(1):1-6.