印度尼西亚森林警察打击非法采伐的执法对策及存在问题分析
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摘要
木材生产国的森林警察在打击非法采伐方面起到了十分重要的作用。文中首先简要介绍印度尼西亚的森林警察制度,以Gunung Palung国家公园和吉打邦为例总结森林警察面对非法采伐的执法对策,对其抑制非法采伐的效果进行分析,指出印度尼西亚现行森林警察制度在打击非法采伐方面存在的问题主要包括执法权限受限、地方分权造成地方政府对于林地管理部门的忽视以及经济奖励制度存在缺陷。
Forest police plays a very important role in combating illegal logging in the timber producing countries. This study introduces the forest police system in Indonesia, and summarizes the effect of law enforcement activities of the forest police on combating illegal logging with the two cases of the Gunung Palung National Park and Kedah State. It points out the problems existing in the current Indonesian forest police system for combating illegal logging, mainly including limited enforcement power, neglect of forest management by local government due to management right decentralization, and defects in the economic reward system.
Forest police plays a very important role in combating illegal logging in the timber producing countries. This study introduces the forest police system in Indonesia, and summarizes the effect of law enforcement activities of the forest police on combating illegal logging with the two cases of the Gunung Palung National Park and Kedah State. It points out the problems existing in the current Indonesian forest police system for combating illegal logging, mainly including limited enforcement power, neglect of forest management by local government due to management right decentralization, and defects in the economic reward system.
引文
[1]Food and Agriculture Organization.State of the world's forests 2001[R].Rome:FAO,2011.
[2]印度尼西亚森林资源遭到大规模破坏[J].国际造纸,2011(5):37.
[3]李雯.苏哈托时期印度尼西亚的林业政策[J].东南亚研究,2015(5):4-9.
[4]姜凤萍,陆文明,孙睿,等.印度尼西亚木材非法采伐现状分析[J].世界林业研究,2013,26(3):79-82.
[5]修木.印度尼西亚放松出口木材认证要求引起对森林管理的担心[J].国际木业,2016(1):40-41.
[6]曹中和.印度尼西亚森林资源为何被毁[J].中国青年科技,2002(6):8-9.
[7]MARYUDI A .Choosing timber legality verification as a policy instrument to combat illegal logging in Indonesia[J].Forest Policy and Economics,2015,68:99-104.
[8]環境省.平成19年度違法伐採による環境影響調査業務報告書[EB/OL].(2008)[2018-03-08].www.env.go.jp/press/files/jp/11418.pdf.
[9]林野庁.国別情報:インドネシア,1999年法律第41号:林業法[EB/OL].(2014)[2018-03-08].http://www.rinya.maff.go.jp/j/riyou/goho/kunibetu/idn/info.html.
[10]林野庁.国別情報:インドネシア,2014年林業大臣令第9号(P.9/Menhut-II/2014):森林警察官の機能的役職及びその単位についての詳細実施ガイドライン[EB/OL].(2014)[2018-03-08].http://www.rinya.maff.go.jp/j/riyou/goho/kunibetu/idn/info.html.
[11]CASSON A,OBIDZINSKI K.From new order to regional autonomy:shifting dynamics of “illegal” logging in Kalimantan,Indonesia[J].World Development,2002,30(12):2133-2151.
[2]印度尼西亚森林资源遭到大规模破坏[J].国际造纸,2011(5):37.
[3]李雯.苏哈托时期印度尼西亚的林业政策[J].东南亚研究,2015(5):4-9.
[4]姜凤萍,陆文明,孙睿,等.印度尼西亚木材非法采伐现状分析[J].世界林业研究,2013,26(3):79-82.
[5]修木.印度尼西亚放松出口木材认证要求引起对森林管理的担心[J].国际木业,2016(1):40-41.
[6]曹中和.印度尼西亚森林资源为何被毁[J].中国青年科技,2002(6):8-9.
[7]MARYUDI A .Choosing timber legality verification as a policy instrument to combat illegal logging in Indonesia[J].Forest Policy and Economics,2015,68:99-104.
[8]環境省.平成19年度違法伐採による環境影響調査業務報告書[EB/OL].(2008)[2018-03-08].www.env.go.jp/press/files/jp/11418.pdf.
[9]林野庁.国別情報:インドネシア,1999年法律第41号:林業法[EB/OL].(2014)[2018-03-08].http://www.rinya.maff.go.jp/j/riyou/goho/kunibetu/idn/info.html.
[10]林野庁.国別情報:インドネシア,2014年林業大臣令第9号(P.9/Menhut-II/2014):森林警察官の機能的役職及びその単位についての詳細実施ガイドライン[EB/OL].(2014)[2018-03-08].http://www.rinya.maff.go.jp/j/riyou/goho/kunibetu/idn/info.html.
[11]CASSON A,OBIDZINSKI K.From new order to regional autonomy:shifting dynamics of “illegal” logging in Kalimantan,Indonesia[J].World Development,2002,30(12):2133-2151.