基于惩罚函数的新能源汽车减速器弧形锥齿轮优化设计
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摘要
针对新能源汽车减速器运转过程中噪声过大和续航里程短等问题,构建了以最小化弧形锥齿轮体积和传动噪声为优化目标的数学模型,建立优化参数矩阵,并对参数进行条件约束,运用惩罚函数把有约束的非线性矩阵转化成无约束的问题,并应用MATLAB软件进行迭代计算,得到优化后的齿轮相关参数.该算法有效地减小了减速器弧形锥齿轮体积,同时得到齿面重叠系数的近优解,降低了减速器内齿轮的传动,从而提高了新能源汽车整车性能.
Aiming at the problems of excessive noise and short mileage during the operation of the new energy vehicle,a mathematical model was built to minimize the volume and noise of the arc bevel gear,then setting up an optimized parameter matrix,and the parameters were constrained,the penalty function was used to transform a constrained nonlinear matrix into a unconstrained problem and the MATLAB software was used to calculate the iterative calculation.The parameters of the gear were obtained.The algorithm reduces the volume of the arc bevel gear effectively.The near optimal solution of the overlap coefficient of the tooth surface is obtained,the transmission of the gear in the reducer is decreased,and the transmission of the gear in the reducer is decreased.Thus the performance of the new energy vehicle is improved.
Aiming at the problems of excessive noise and short mileage during the operation of the new energy vehicle,a mathematical model was built to minimize the volume and noise of the arc bevel gear,then setting up an optimized parameter matrix,and the parameters were constrained,the penalty function was used to transform a constrained nonlinear matrix into a unconstrained problem and the MATLAB software was used to calculate the iterative calculation.The parameters of the gear were obtained.The algorithm reduces the volume of the arc bevel gear effectively.The near optimal solution of the overlap coefficient of the tooth surface is obtained,the transmission of the gear in the reducer is decreased,and the transmission of the gear in the reducer is decreased.Thus the performance of the new energy vehicle is improved.
引文
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[2]李冰莲,郑松林.燃料电池轿车减速器齿轮可靠性设计与分析[D].上海:上海理工大学,2013.Li B L,ZHENG S L.Reliability design and analysis of gear in FCV reducer[D].Shanghai:University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,2013.
[3]王猛,刘世达.基于低噪声的汽车主减速器双面齿轮优化设计[J].农业装备与车辆工程,2017,55(3):53-56.WANG M,LIU S D.Hyperboloidal gear optimization design for automotive main reducer with low noise[J].Agricultural Equipment and Vehicle Engineering,2017,55(3):53-56.
[4]陈友飞,郭海全,韩曙光.矿用汽车行星齿轮减速器的优化设计[J].矿山机械,2012,40(6):114-117.CHEN Y F,GUO H Q,HAN S G.Optimization design of planetary reducer for mining trucks[J].Mine Machinery,2012,40(6):114-117.
[5]张慧,李吉祥,徐博.基于遗传算法的锥齿轮优化设计[J].新课程(下),2015(7):142-143.ZHANG H,LI J X,XU B.The optimum design of bevel gear based on genetic algorithm[J].New Curriculum(Ⅱ),2015(7):142-143.
[6]岳桂杰,保承军,董世方.直齿圆柱齿轮传动的优化设计[J].煤炭技术,2012,31(4):16-17.YUE G J,BAO C J,DONG S F.Optimization design of spur gear transmission[J].Coal Technology,2012,31(4):16-17.
[7]张磊,王冠五.机械设计[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2011.ZHANG L,WANG G W,Machine design[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2011.
[8]SIMON V.Design of face-hobbed spiral bevel gears with reduced maximum tooth contact pressure and transmission errors[J].Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,2013,26(3):777-790.
[9]JING S,HE Z,ZHOU J,et al.Optimum weight design of functionally graded material gears[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,28(6):1186-1193.
[10]梁迪,吴孝先.珩磨辊辊形曲线的解析求法[J].沈阳大学学报,2003,15(2):29-30.LIANG D,WU X X.The analytic solution of the roller curve of the honing roll[J].Journal of Shenyang University,2003,15(2):29-30.
[11]陈清胜.基于MATLAB的直齿圆柱齿轮传动的优化设计研究[J].机械管理开发,2010,25(6):41-42.CHEN Q S.Study of optimization design for spur gear transmission base on MATLAB[J].Mechanical Management Development,2010,25(6):41-42.