软弱破碎围岩分次压实力学特性试验分析
|
摘要
由于煤矿再生岩体围岩结构和成分进行了重组,其力学特性将发生本质变化。根据再生岩体压实成岩过程中破碎岩体多次受压的实际情况,采用广西州景煤矿再生顶板破碎围岩进行有侧限条件的分次压实试验。结果表明:分次压缩过程可分为压实破碎、压实应力记忆和压密固结3个阶段。在第1次压缩时,压实特性曲线呈线性变化,后续压实特性曲线逐渐向指数形式转变,而"压实应力记忆"阶段表现为多项式变化。在侧限压缩条件下,提出以最小势能原理作为判定不规则岩样挤压破碎判据。破碎岩样压缩特性受压实次数和装岩高度的影响,破碎岩样分次压实次数越多,累积压缩应变越大,后续压缩时的应力增量越大。装岩高度越大,压缩至相同压应力时,累积总应变越大。压实应力达到一定程度,不同粗粒径破碎岩样的粒径分布规律趋于一致,据此建立了破碎岩样粒径分布与工程中破碎岩体压实程度之间的相关关系。
The mechanical properties of the regenerated rock mass are intrinsically changed due to the reorganisation of the structure and components in the coal mine. In this study, the fractured rock mass was repeatedly compressed during the compaction and diagenesis process of the regenerated rock mass. Then the fractional compaction test under confined conditions was carried out using the broken surrounding rock of the regenerated roof of the Zhoujing coal mine in Guangxi. The results show that the process of fractional compression can be divided into three stages: compaction crushing, compaction stress memory and compaction consolidation. At the first compression, the compacting characteristic curve changes linearly, and the subsequent compaction curve gradually changes to an exponential form, while the stage of compaction stress memory shows a polynomial change. Under the confined compression condition, the criterion of minimum potential energy is used to determine the crushing fracture of irregular rock samples. The compression characteristics of fractured rock samples are influenced by the number of compaction and the height of rock mass. When the times of compaction are larger, the cumulative compression strain is greater, and the stress increment in the subsequent compression is higher. As the loading height is higher, the cumulative total strain is greater at the same compressive stress.When the compaction stress reaches a certain degree, the grain-size distribution of the broken rock samples with different coarse-grained sizes tends to be consistent. Therefore, the correlation between the size distribution of broken rock samples and the compaction degree of the regenerated rock mass is established.
The mechanical properties of the regenerated rock mass are intrinsically changed due to the reorganisation of the structure and components in the coal mine. In this study, the fractured rock mass was repeatedly compressed during the compaction and diagenesis process of the regenerated rock mass. Then the fractional compaction test under confined conditions was carried out using the broken surrounding rock of the regenerated roof of the Zhoujing coal mine in Guangxi. The results show that the process of fractional compression can be divided into three stages: compaction crushing, compaction stress memory and compaction consolidation. At the first compression, the compacting characteristic curve changes linearly, and the subsequent compaction curve gradually changes to an exponential form, while the stage of compaction stress memory shows a polynomial change. Under the confined compression condition, the criterion of minimum potential energy is used to determine the crushing fracture of irregular rock samples. The compression characteristics of fractured rock samples are influenced by the number of compaction and the height of rock mass. When the times of compaction are larger, the cumulative compression strain is greater, and the stress increment in the subsequent compression is higher. As the loading height is higher, the cumulative total strain is greater at the same compressive stress.When the compaction stress reaches a certain degree, the grain-size distribution of the broken rock samples with different coarse-grained sizes tends to be consistent. Therefore, the correlation between the size distribution of broken rock samples and the compaction degree of the regenerated rock mass is established.
引文
[1]赵和松.再生顶板的结构形式及其顶板控制[J].煤炭科学技术,1993(05):2-5.ZHAO He-song.Constitution and control of regenerated roof[J].Coal Science and Technology,1993(05):2-5.
[2]缪协兴,茅献彪,胡光伟,等.岩石(煤)的碎胀与压实特性研究[J].实验力学,1997,12(3):394-400.MIAO Xie-xing,MAO Xian-biao,HU Guang-wei,et al.Research on broken expand and press solid characteristics of rocks and coals[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,1997,12(3):394-400.
[3]姜振泉,季良军,左如松.煤矸石的破碎压密作用机制研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2001,30(2):139-142.142.JIANG Zhen-quan,JI Liang-jun,ZUO Ru-song.Research on mechanism of crushing compression of coal waste[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2001,30(2):139-142.
[4]苏承东,顾明,唐旭,等.煤层顶板破碎岩块压实特征的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(1):18-26.SU Cheng-dong,GU Ming,TANG Xu,et al.Experiment study of compaction characteristics of crushed stones from coal seam roof[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(1):18-26.
[5]张吉雄.矸石直接充填综采岩层移动控制及其应用研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2008.ZHANG Ji-xiong.Study on strata movement controlling by raw waste backfilling with full-mechanized coal winning technology and its engineering application[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2008.
[6]黄志敏.矸石充填体宏细观力学特性及充填综采支架围岩关系研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2008.HUAN Zhi-min.Study on the macro-micro mechanical properties of gangue back filling body and relationship between support and mechanized filling mining[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2008.
[7]曹树刚,张适,李国栋,等.散体矸石的承载性能试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2016,12(5):1164-1171.CAO Shu-gang,ZHANG Shi,LI Guo-dong,et al.Experimental study on the bearing properties of granular gangue[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2016,12(5):1164-1171.
[8]马占国,兰天,潘银光,等.饱和破碎泥岩蠕变过程中孔隙率变化规律的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1447-1454.MA Zhan-guo,LAN Tian,PAN Yin-guang,et al.Experimental study on variation law of saturated broken mudstone porosity during creep process[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(7):1447-1454.
[9]陈占清,李顺才,茅献彪,等.饱和含水石灰岩散体蠕变过程中孔隙度变化规律的试验[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(1):26-30.CHEN Zhan-qing,LI Shun-cai,MAO Xian-biao,et al.Experiment on the porosity changing of water-saturated granular limestone during its creep[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(1):26-30.
[10]陈晓祥,苏承东,唐旭,等.饱水对煤层顶板破碎压实特征影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(增刊1):3318-3326.CHEN Xiao-xiang,SU Cheng-dong,TANG Xu,et al.Experimental study of effect of water-saturated state on compaction property of crushed stone from coal seam roof[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(Suppl.1):3318-3326.
[11]张俊英,王金庄.破碎岩块的碎胀与压实特性实验研究[C]//开采沉陷与“三下”采煤学术会议.[出版地不详]:[出版者不详],2005.ZHANG Jun-ying,WANG Jin-zhuang.Experimental study on the crushing and compaction characteristics of broken rock blocks[C]//Mining Subsidence and the Academic Conference of Three Under Coal Mining.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2005.
[12]钱自卫,曹丽文,姜振泉,等.煤矸石侧限加载-浸水-卸载实验研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(4):578-582.QIAN Zi-wei,CAO Li-wen,JIANG Zhen-quan,et al.Experimental study on confined loading-water immersion-unloading of coal gangue[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(4):578-582.
[13]张德辉,李辉.连续级配矸石压缩特性的试验研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2011,30(3):337-340.ZHANG De-hui,LI Hui.Experimental study on compression performance of continuous grading gangue[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science Edition),2011,30(3):337-340.
[14]朱川曲,周泽,李青锋.矸石充填料压缩力学特性试验研究[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,30(4):1-6.ZHU Chuan-qu ZHOU Ze,LI Qing-feng,et al.Experimental study on the compression properties of gangue[J].Journal of Hunan University of Science&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2015,30(4):1-6.
[15]王文,李化敏,熊祖强,等.粒径级配对矸石压实变形特性影响研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2016,12(6):1694.WANG Wen,LI Hua-min,XIONG Zu-qiang,et al.Research on the influence of diameter gradation on compressive deformation characteristics of gangues[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2016,12(6):1553-1694.
[16]冯梅梅,吴疆宇,陈占清,等.连续级配饱和破碎岩块压实特性试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(9):2195-2202.FENG Mei-mei,WU Jiang-yu,CHEN Zhan-qing,et al.Experimental study on the compaction of saturated broken rock of continuous gradation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(9):2195-2202.
[17]孙利辉,纪洪广,蒋华,等.弱胶结地层条件下跨落带岩层破碎冒落特征与压实变形规律试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(10):2565-2572.SUN Li-hui,JI Hong-guang,JIANG Hua,et al.Experimental study on characteristics of broken caving and regularity of compaction deformation of rocks in caving zone in the weakly cemented strata[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(10):2565-2572.
[18]韩贝传,徐嘉谟.关于岩石“固结应力”记忆模型的探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(1):112-114.HAN Bei-chuan,XU Jia-mo.Probe into memory model on‘consolidated stress’of rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1999,18(1):112-114.
[19]王平,余伟健,冯涛,等.软弱破碎围岩压实-固结二次成岩机制试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(8):1884-1895.WANG Ping,YU Wei-jian,FENG Tao,et al.Experimental study on second diagenesis by compaction and consolidation of soft and broken rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2018,37(8):1884-1895.
[2]缪协兴,茅献彪,胡光伟,等.岩石(煤)的碎胀与压实特性研究[J].实验力学,1997,12(3):394-400.MIAO Xie-xing,MAO Xian-biao,HU Guang-wei,et al.Research on broken expand and press solid characteristics of rocks and coals[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,1997,12(3):394-400.
[3]姜振泉,季良军,左如松.煤矸石的破碎压密作用机制研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2001,30(2):139-142.142.JIANG Zhen-quan,JI Liang-jun,ZUO Ru-song.Research on mechanism of crushing compression of coal waste[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2001,30(2):139-142.
[4]苏承东,顾明,唐旭,等.煤层顶板破碎岩块压实特征的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(1):18-26.SU Cheng-dong,GU Ming,TANG Xu,et al.Experiment study of compaction characteristics of crushed stones from coal seam roof[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(1):18-26.
[5]张吉雄.矸石直接充填综采岩层移动控制及其应用研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2008.ZHANG Ji-xiong.Study on strata movement controlling by raw waste backfilling with full-mechanized coal winning technology and its engineering application[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2008.
[6]黄志敏.矸石充填体宏细观力学特性及充填综采支架围岩关系研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2008.HUAN Zhi-min.Study on the macro-micro mechanical properties of gangue back filling body and relationship between support and mechanized filling mining[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2008.
[7]曹树刚,张适,李国栋,等.散体矸石的承载性能试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2016,12(5):1164-1171.CAO Shu-gang,ZHANG Shi,LI Guo-dong,et al.Experimental study on the bearing properties of granular gangue[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2016,12(5):1164-1171.
[8]马占国,兰天,潘银光,等.饱和破碎泥岩蠕变过程中孔隙率变化规律的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1447-1454.MA Zhan-guo,LAN Tian,PAN Yin-guang,et al.Experimental study on variation law of saturated broken mudstone porosity during creep process[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(7):1447-1454.
[9]陈占清,李顺才,茅献彪,等.饱和含水石灰岩散体蠕变过程中孔隙度变化规律的试验[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(1):26-30.CHEN Zhan-qing,LI Shun-cai,MAO Xian-biao,et al.Experiment on the porosity changing of water-saturated granular limestone during its creep[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(1):26-30.
[10]陈晓祥,苏承东,唐旭,等.饱水对煤层顶板破碎压实特征影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(增刊1):3318-3326.CHEN Xiao-xiang,SU Cheng-dong,TANG Xu,et al.Experimental study of effect of water-saturated state on compaction property of crushed stone from coal seam roof[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(Suppl.1):3318-3326.
[11]张俊英,王金庄.破碎岩块的碎胀与压实特性实验研究[C]//开采沉陷与“三下”采煤学术会议.[出版地不详]:[出版者不详],2005.ZHANG Jun-ying,WANG Jin-zhuang.Experimental study on the crushing and compaction characteristics of broken rock blocks[C]//Mining Subsidence and the Academic Conference of Three Under Coal Mining.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2005.
[12]钱自卫,曹丽文,姜振泉,等.煤矸石侧限加载-浸水-卸载实验研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(4):578-582.QIAN Zi-wei,CAO Li-wen,JIANG Zhen-quan,et al.Experimental study on confined loading-water immersion-unloading of coal gangue[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(4):578-582.
[13]张德辉,李辉.连续级配矸石压缩特性的试验研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2011,30(3):337-340.ZHANG De-hui,LI Hui.Experimental study on compression performance of continuous grading gangue[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science Edition),2011,30(3):337-340.
[14]朱川曲,周泽,李青锋.矸石充填料压缩力学特性试验研究[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,30(4):1-6.ZHU Chuan-qu ZHOU Ze,LI Qing-feng,et al.Experimental study on the compression properties of gangue[J].Journal of Hunan University of Science&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2015,30(4):1-6.
[15]王文,李化敏,熊祖强,等.粒径级配对矸石压实变形特性影响研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2016,12(6):1694.WANG Wen,LI Hua-min,XIONG Zu-qiang,et al.Research on the influence of diameter gradation on compressive deformation characteristics of gangues[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2016,12(6):1553-1694.
[16]冯梅梅,吴疆宇,陈占清,等.连续级配饱和破碎岩块压实特性试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(9):2195-2202.FENG Mei-mei,WU Jiang-yu,CHEN Zhan-qing,et al.Experimental study on the compaction of saturated broken rock of continuous gradation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(9):2195-2202.
[17]孙利辉,纪洪广,蒋华,等.弱胶结地层条件下跨落带岩层破碎冒落特征与压实变形规律试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(10):2565-2572.SUN Li-hui,JI Hong-guang,JIANG Hua,et al.Experimental study on characteristics of broken caving and regularity of compaction deformation of rocks in caving zone in the weakly cemented strata[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(10):2565-2572.
[18]韩贝传,徐嘉谟.关于岩石“固结应力”记忆模型的探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(1):112-114.HAN Bei-chuan,XU Jia-mo.Probe into memory model on‘consolidated stress’of rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1999,18(1):112-114.
[19]王平,余伟健,冯涛,等.软弱破碎围岩压实-固结二次成岩机制试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(8):1884-1895.WANG Ping,YU Wei-jian,FENG Tao,et al.Experimental study on second diagenesis by compaction and consolidation of soft and broken rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2018,37(8):1884-1895.