用于等效测试大电流互感器抗干扰性能的非均匀缠绕线圈的设计方法
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摘要
为了更准确地验证非均绕等安匝法的物理原理,探索实施非均绕等安匝法的最佳技术路线,提出了非均绕等安匝法用非均匀缠绕线圈参数的优化设计方法。为此,首先完善了表征干扰磁场的解析模型,并利用铁芯汇集系数修正了干扰磁场的解析计算结果;基于大量的数值仿真试验结果,推导出了适用于大电流互感器的铁芯汇集系数经验公式;进而依据表征线圈泄漏磁场的解析式,提出了两种用于优化非均匀缠绕线圈参数的设计方法,即L2范数最小法和部分级数求和法。通过数值仿真,分析了基于这两种方法得到的线圈泄漏磁场与外电流产生的杂散磁场之间的误差,发现这两种方法可将两种干扰磁场之间的误差由之前的约20%降低到约1%;通过物理试验,验证了该非均匀缠绕线圈参数优化设计有关结论的正确性。
To accurately verify the physical principle and to explore appropriate technical routes for the anti-interference testing of heavy current transformers(HCT), we discuss the optimal design of testing coils for "non-uniformly distributed equal ampere-turns testing method" in detail. Specifically, an improved physical model of the interfering magnetic field is illustrated, and a core-pickup factor is introduced for calibration, which is valued by an empirical equation summarized from simulation studies. Based on the physical model, two different approaches for the optimization of the testing coil are proposed, namely, L2 norm minimum method and partial summation equivalent method. The superiority of the proposed testing coil optimization methods, compared to the previous designs, are verified by both simulations and experiments, which are also applied for validating the theoretical analysis.
To accurately verify the physical principle and to explore appropriate technical routes for the anti-interference testing of heavy current transformers(HCT), we discuss the optimal design of testing coils for "non-uniformly distributed equal ampere-turns testing method" in detail. Specifically, an improved physical model of the interfering magnetic field is illustrated, and a core-pickup factor is introduced for calibration, which is valued by an empirical equation summarized from simulation studies. Based on the physical model, two different approaches for the optimization of the testing coil are proposed, namely, L2 norm minimum method and partial summation equivalent method. The superiority of the proposed testing coil optimization methods, compared to the previous designs, are verified by both simulations and experiments, which are also applied for validating the theoretical analysis.
引文
[1]SEELY S.Effect of stray flux on current transformers[J].Journal of Science and Technology,1970,37(3):115-120.
[2]FORREST H E.Influence of leakage flux under various conditions[J].Electrical Review,1948,143:51-54.
[3]张皓,赵伟,屈凯峰,等.外部电流对电流互感器误差性能影响的研究[J].变压器,2008,45(9):24-28.ZHANG Hao,ZHAO Wei,QU Kaifeng,et al.Research on influence of external current to error of current transformer[J].Transformer,2008,45(9):24-28.
[4]屈凯峰,赵伟,江波,等.大电流互感器内磁屏蔽方案的性能比较[J].高电压技术,2009,(9):2096-2101.QU Kaifeng,ZHAO Wei,JIANG Bo,et al.Performance comparison of different types of internal magnetic shielding on heavy current transformer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(9):2096-2101.
[5]章述汉,朱跃,吴良科,等.750 k V GIS电流互感器现场检定试验方法[J].高电压技术,2009,(5):1200-1205.ZHANG Shuhan,ZHANG Yue,WU Liangke,et al.Method of on-site calibration test for 750 k V GIS current transformers[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(5):1200-1205.
[6]吴良科,刘浩,岳长喜,等.大电流互感器现场检定试验中的无功补偿[J].高电压技术,2010,(6):1560-1565.WU Liangke,LIU Hao,YUE Changxi,et al.Reactive power compensation of on-site calibration test for current transformers[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(6):1560-1565.
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[8]钟思正.外界磁场对电流互感器工作的影响[J].高压电器,2004,40(2):148-149.ZHONG Sizheng.Influence of the external magnetic field on the current transformer[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2004,40(2):148-149.
[9]DRAXLER K,STYBLIKOVA R,HLAVACEK J,et al.Calibration of Rogowski coils with an integrator at high currents[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2011,60(7):2434-2438.
[10]PERETTO L,TINARELLI R.Procedure for the assessment of metrological characteristics of window-type current transformers in three-phase power systems[C]//2014 IEEE International Workshop on Applied Measurements for Power Systems Proceedings(AMPS).[S.l.]:IEEE,2014:1-6.
[11]赵伟,徐文佳,李世松,等.三相大电流互感器杂散磁场干扰等效测试方法[J].高电压技术,2016,42(11):3651-3658.ZHAO Wei,XU Wenjia,LI Shisong,et al.Equivalent test method for stray magnetic field interference of three-phase heavy current transformer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(11):3651-3658.
[12]QU K,ZHAO W,JIANG B,et al.Eccentric bus-bar testing method of the shielding effect of a heavy current transformer with shielding coils[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2012,61(1):84-92.
[13]QU K,ZHAO W,JIANG B,et al.New testing method of the shielding effect of heavy current transformer with shielding coils[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2011,60(3):839-845.
[14]PFUNTNER R.The accuracy of current transformers adiacent to high-current busses[J].Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers,1951,70(2):1656-1662.
[15]GAO Y,ZHAO W,WANG Q,et al.Modelling and optimization of four-segment shielding coils of current transformers[J].Sensors,2017,17(6):1218.
[16]SHAO H,WU J,LIN F,et al.Effects of stray magnetic fields on the iron core of DCC[C].2012 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements(CPEM).[S.l.]:IEEE,2012:492-493.
[17]屈凯峰.大电流互感器电磁屏蔽及抗干扰能力检定测试方法研究[D].北京:清华大学,2009.QU Kaifeng.Research on the electromagnetic shielding and testing method of heavy current transformer[D].Beijing,China:Tsinghua University,2009.
[18]邢金.保护用大电流互感器结构优化及测试方法研究[D].北京:清华大学,2013.XING Jin.Research on structure optimization and testing method of heavy protective current transformer[D].Beijing,China:Tsinghua University,2013.
[2]FORREST H E.Influence of leakage flux under various conditions[J].Electrical Review,1948,143:51-54.
[3]张皓,赵伟,屈凯峰,等.外部电流对电流互感器误差性能影响的研究[J].变压器,2008,45(9):24-28.ZHANG Hao,ZHAO Wei,QU Kaifeng,et al.Research on influence of external current to error of current transformer[J].Transformer,2008,45(9):24-28.
[4]屈凯峰,赵伟,江波,等.大电流互感器内磁屏蔽方案的性能比较[J].高电压技术,2009,(9):2096-2101.QU Kaifeng,ZHAO Wei,JIANG Bo,et al.Performance comparison of different types of internal magnetic shielding on heavy current transformer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(9):2096-2101.
[5]章述汉,朱跃,吴良科,等.750 k V GIS电流互感器现场检定试验方法[J].高电压技术,2009,(5):1200-1205.ZHANG Shuhan,ZHANG Yue,WU Liangke,et al.Method of on-site calibration test for 750 k V GIS current transformers[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(5):1200-1205.
[6]吴良科,刘浩,岳长喜,等.大电流互感器现场检定试验中的无功补偿[J].高电压技术,2010,(6):1560-1565.WU Liangke,LIU Hao,YUE Changxi,et al.Reactive power compensation of on-site calibration test for current transformers[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(6):1560-1565.
[7]DRAXLER K,STYBLíKOVáR,RADA V,et al.Using a current loop and homogeneous primary winding for calibrating a current transformer[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2013,62(6):1658-1663.
[8]钟思正.外界磁场对电流互感器工作的影响[J].高压电器,2004,40(2):148-149.ZHONG Sizheng.Influence of the external magnetic field on the current transformer[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2004,40(2):148-149.
[9]DRAXLER K,STYBLIKOVA R,HLAVACEK J,et al.Calibration of Rogowski coils with an integrator at high currents[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2011,60(7):2434-2438.
[10]PERETTO L,TINARELLI R.Procedure for the assessment of metrological characteristics of window-type current transformers in three-phase power systems[C]//2014 IEEE International Workshop on Applied Measurements for Power Systems Proceedings(AMPS).[S.l.]:IEEE,2014:1-6.
[11]赵伟,徐文佳,李世松,等.三相大电流互感器杂散磁场干扰等效测试方法[J].高电压技术,2016,42(11):3651-3658.ZHAO Wei,XU Wenjia,LI Shisong,et al.Equivalent test method for stray magnetic field interference of three-phase heavy current transformer[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(11):3651-3658.
[12]QU K,ZHAO W,JIANG B,et al.Eccentric bus-bar testing method of the shielding effect of a heavy current transformer with shielding coils[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2012,61(1):84-92.
[13]QU K,ZHAO W,JIANG B,et al.New testing method of the shielding effect of heavy current transformer with shielding coils[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2011,60(3):839-845.
[14]PFUNTNER R.The accuracy of current transformers adiacent to high-current busses[J].Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers,1951,70(2):1656-1662.
[15]GAO Y,ZHAO W,WANG Q,et al.Modelling and optimization of four-segment shielding coils of current transformers[J].Sensors,2017,17(6):1218.
[16]SHAO H,WU J,LIN F,et al.Effects of stray magnetic fields on the iron core of DCC[C].2012 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements(CPEM).[S.l.]:IEEE,2012:492-493.
[17]屈凯峰.大电流互感器电磁屏蔽及抗干扰能力检定测试方法研究[D].北京:清华大学,2009.QU Kaifeng.Research on the electromagnetic shielding and testing method of heavy current transformer[D].Beijing,China:Tsinghua University,2009.
[18]邢金.保护用大电流互感器结构优化及测试方法研究[D].北京:清华大学,2013.XING Jin.Research on structure optimization and testing method of heavy protective current transformer[D].Beijing,China:Tsinghua University,2013.