套袋微环境特征及其对早熟梨果实品质的影响
|
摘要
【目的】研究不同时期套袋微环境的变化特征及对早熟梨果实品质的影响。【方法】以早熟梨‘苏翠1号’作为供试材料,选择2种纸袋在盛花期后3个时期分别对其进行套袋处理。【结果】(1)纸袋日平均温湿度变化曲线整体呈现动态上升趋势;在一天中0:00~24:00温度日变化趋势基本一致,呈现峰型,峰值一般出现在14:00~15:00,最低温度出现在4:00~5:00,以复合纸袋温度极差值差异最大;湿度日变化与温度呈现负相关,随着温度升高而逐渐下降,表现为"V"型曲线,湿度极差之间差异较大。(2)不同时期套袋温湿度变化幅度不一致,形成差异的微环境对果实品质的形成影响不同。T1处理果皮光洁度和亮度值l*均较高,表现为T1> T2> T3,HT1处理果实蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖、总糖、SSC、糖酸比等含量均显著高于FT1处理。(3)不同处理对果实大小、单果重、果皮硬度影响不大,均没有达到显著水平。【结论】早熟梨在盛花期后35 d左右套袋较为适宜,套黄白纸袋比复合双光纸袋果实综合品质表现要好。
【Objective】The changes characteristics of microenvironment in different bagging time and fruit quality of early-maturing pear were analyzed. 【Method】‘Sucui 1'pear cultivar was used as material for studying characteristics of temperature and humidity in different bagging time after flowering. 【Result】(i) Daily mean temperature and humidity showed an upward trend at early-maturing pear in the growing periods of pear fruits; The diurnal variations of different bagging time in two stands showed a single peak curve at a day from 0: 00 to 24: 00,which had peak values from 14: 00 to 15: 00,while the lowest at about 4: 00 to 5: 00; The diurnal variation of humidity declined with temperature increasing,which performed reserved trend compared with the diurnal variation of temperature. However,humidity presents the‘V'curve. The humidity range value has large discrepancy by different treatments.(ii) The range of temperature and humidity with different bagging time treatments on early-maturing pear‘Sucui'showed inconsistencies,which formed different microenvironment. The effects on fruit quality of early-maturing pear were different by different treatments. In details,the Pericarp glabrousness and the skin brightness(L) were obviously improved in T1,which were all in sequence of T1> T2> T3,The nutrients content(sucrose,glucose,fructose,SSC,sugar acid ratio) of fruit in HT1 treament were significantly higher than FT1 treatment.(iii) The effects of different treatments on fruit size,single fruit weight and pericarp firmness were not significant.【Conclusion】The bagging of early ripening pear is better than 35 days after flowering stage,and the quality of yellow pear white paper bag is better than that of compound double light paper bag.
【Objective】The changes characteristics of microenvironment in different bagging time and fruit quality of early-maturing pear were analyzed. 【Method】‘Sucui 1'pear cultivar was used as material for studying characteristics of temperature and humidity in different bagging time after flowering. 【Result】(i) Daily mean temperature and humidity showed an upward trend at early-maturing pear in the growing periods of pear fruits; The diurnal variations of different bagging time in two stands showed a single peak curve at a day from 0: 00 to 24: 00,which had peak values from 14: 00 to 15: 00,while the lowest at about 4: 00 to 5: 00; The diurnal variation of humidity declined with temperature increasing,which performed reserved trend compared with the diurnal variation of temperature. However,humidity presents the‘V'curve. The humidity range value has large discrepancy by different treatments.(ii) The range of temperature and humidity with different bagging time treatments on early-maturing pear‘Sucui'showed inconsistencies,which formed different microenvironment. The effects on fruit quality of early-maturing pear were different by different treatments. In details,the Pericarp glabrousness and the skin brightness(L) were obviously improved in T1,which were all in sequence of T1> T2> T3,The nutrients content(sucrose,glucose,fructose,SSC,sugar acid ratio) of fruit in HT1 treament were significantly higher than FT1 treatment.(iii) The effects of different treatments on fruit size,single fruit weight and pericarp firmness were not significant.【Conclusion】The bagging of early ripening pear is better than 35 days after flowering stage,and the quality of yellow pear white paper bag is better than that of compound double light paper bag.
引文
[1]盛宝龙,蔺经,程进,等.套袋对翠冠梨果实外观色泽及糖、酸含量的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2010,32(4):705-709.
[2]蔺经,盛宝龙,李晓刚,等.早熟砂梨新品种‘苏翠1号’[J].园艺学报,2013,40(9):1849–1850.
[3]陈一帆,周春华.果实套袋研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(13):5415-5417.
[4]张建光,王惠英,王梅,等.套袋对苹果果实微域环生态环境的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(5):1082-1087.
[5]蔺经,杨青松,李晓刚,等.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(10):133-139.
[6]沙守峰,李俊才,张绍铃,等.‘新苹梨’果实和叶片发育期有机酸含量的变化及其相关性研究[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(6):41-46.
[7]郝燕燕,赵旗峰,刘群龙,等.套袋微域环境对富士苹果果皮结构的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(10):2831-2836.
[8]庄华才,陈厚彬,吕顺,等.套袋对香蕉果实发育和微域环境的影响[J].广东农业科学,2008(9):51-55.
[9]李桂祥,马瑞娟,俞明亮,等.套袋对桃果实品质影响的研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(6):265-267.
[10]潘俨,孟新涛,车凤斌,等.库尔勒香梨果实发育成熟的糖代谢和呼吸代谢响应特征[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(17):3391-3412.
[11]郭润姿,郭文岚,李兴元,等.黄冠梨果实发育过程中有机酸含量及相关代谢酶活性的变化[J].江苏农业学报,2013,29(1):157-161.
[12]陶世蓉,辛华,初世刚,等.不同耐贮性梨果实的比较解剖[J].莱阳农学院学报,1992,9(3):181-184.
[13]赵少波,王玉华,韩振庭,等.黄冠梨鸡爪病发病规律及预防措施浅析[J].河北果树,2005,(3):17-18.
[14]王迎涛,李晓,李勇,等.套袋黄冠梨果实花斑病发生与其组织结构变化的关系[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(6):1180-1187.
[15]姚改芳,张绍铃,吴俊,等. 10个不同系统梨品种的可溶性糖与有机酸组分含量分析[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(5):25-31.
[16]楚爱香,张要战,李艳梅.果实套袋生产的机制及操作规程[J].经济林研究,2003,21(3):59-61.
[17]李慧峰,吕德国,刘国成.寒富苹果果实品质对不同果袋的响应机制研究[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(10):266-268.
[18]陈俊伟,张上隆,张良诚,等.柑橘果实遮光处理对发育中的果实光合产物分配、糖代谢与积累的影响[J].植物生理学报,2001,27(6):499-504.
[19]吕英民,张大鹏.果实发育过程中糖的积累[J].植物生理学通讯,2000,36(3):258-265.
[20]Robert M S,Suzan E H,Davies W J. Photosynthetic activity ofthe calyx,green shoulder,pericarp and locular parenchyma oftomato fruit[J]. J Exp Bot,1999,50(344):707-718.
[21]Hieke S,Menzel C M,Lüdders P. Effects of leaf,shoot and fruit development on photosynthesis of lychee trees(Litchi chinensis)[J]. Tree Physiol,2002,22(13):955-961.
[22]Yen C R,Koch K E. Developmental changes in translocation and localization of 14C-labeled assimilates in grapefruit:light and dark CO2fixation by leaves and fruit[J]. J Am Soc Hortic Sci,1990,115(5):815-819.
[23]Rapparini F,Rotondi A,Baraldi R. Blue light regulation of the growth of Prunus persica plants in a long term experiment:morphologicaland histological observations[J]. Trees,1999,14(3):169-176.
[24]FRENLEL C,KLEIN I,DILLEY D R. Protein synthesis in relation to ripening of pome fruit[J]. Plant Physiol,1968,43:1146-1153.
[25]张斌斌,马瑞娟,蔡志翔,等.采前套袋微环境变化对桃果实品质的影响[J],2015,51(2):233-240.
[26]陆新华,孙德权,石伟琦,等.不同时期套袋对菠萝果实发育和品质的影响[J].热带作物学报,2010,31(10):1716-1719.
[27]程智慧,赵英,孟焕文,等.不同材质果袋春夏季节套袋对黄瓜果实发育和品质的影响[J].生态学报,2007,27(2):732-739.
[28]王磊,高方胜,徐坤,等.果袋颜色对番茄果实微环境及产量和品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(8):2229-2234.
[29]李先明,伊华林,秦仲麒,等.不同时期套袋对鄂梨2号果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2008,25(6):924-927.
[30]郑金水,林河通,林文忠,等.果实采前套袋对热带亚热带果树果实品质和耐贮性的影响[J].包装与食品机械,2009,27(4):42-45.
[2]蔺经,盛宝龙,李晓刚,等.早熟砂梨新品种‘苏翠1号’[J].园艺学报,2013,40(9):1849–1850.
[3]陈一帆,周春华.果实套袋研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(13):5415-5417.
[4]张建光,王惠英,王梅,等.套袋对苹果果实微域环生态环境的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(5):1082-1087.
[5]蔺经,杨青松,李晓刚,等.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2009,37(10):133-139.
[6]沙守峰,李俊才,张绍铃,等.‘新苹梨’果实和叶片发育期有机酸含量的变化及其相关性研究[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(6):41-46.
[7]郝燕燕,赵旗峰,刘群龙,等.套袋微域环境对富士苹果果皮结构的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(10):2831-2836.
[8]庄华才,陈厚彬,吕顺,等.套袋对香蕉果实发育和微域环境的影响[J].广东农业科学,2008(9):51-55.
[9]李桂祥,马瑞娟,俞明亮,等.套袋对桃果实品质影响的研究进展[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(6):265-267.
[10]潘俨,孟新涛,车凤斌,等.库尔勒香梨果实发育成熟的糖代谢和呼吸代谢响应特征[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(17):3391-3412.
[11]郭润姿,郭文岚,李兴元,等.黄冠梨果实发育过程中有机酸含量及相关代谢酶活性的变化[J].江苏农业学报,2013,29(1):157-161.
[12]陶世蓉,辛华,初世刚,等.不同耐贮性梨果实的比较解剖[J].莱阳农学院学报,1992,9(3):181-184.
[13]赵少波,王玉华,韩振庭,等.黄冠梨鸡爪病发病规律及预防措施浅析[J].河北果树,2005,(3):17-18.
[14]王迎涛,李晓,李勇,等.套袋黄冠梨果实花斑病发生与其组织结构变化的关系[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(6):1180-1187.
[15]姚改芳,张绍铃,吴俊,等. 10个不同系统梨品种的可溶性糖与有机酸组分含量分析[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(5):25-31.
[16]楚爱香,张要战,李艳梅.果实套袋生产的机制及操作规程[J].经济林研究,2003,21(3):59-61.
[17]李慧峰,吕德国,刘国成.寒富苹果果实品质对不同果袋的响应机制研究[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(10):266-268.
[18]陈俊伟,张上隆,张良诚,等.柑橘果实遮光处理对发育中的果实光合产物分配、糖代谢与积累的影响[J].植物生理学报,2001,27(6):499-504.
[19]吕英民,张大鹏.果实发育过程中糖的积累[J].植物生理学通讯,2000,36(3):258-265.
[20]Robert M S,Suzan E H,Davies W J. Photosynthetic activity ofthe calyx,green shoulder,pericarp and locular parenchyma oftomato fruit[J]. J Exp Bot,1999,50(344):707-718.
[21]Hieke S,Menzel C M,Lüdders P. Effects of leaf,shoot and fruit development on photosynthesis of lychee trees(Litchi chinensis)[J]. Tree Physiol,2002,22(13):955-961.
[22]Yen C R,Koch K E. Developmental changes in translocation and localization of 14C-labeled assimilates in grapefruit:light and dark CO2fixation by leaves and fruit[J]. J Am Soc Hortic Sci,1990,115(5):815-819.
[23]Rapparini F,Rotondi A,Baraldi R. Blue light regulation of the growth of Prunus persica plants in a long term experiment:morphologicaland histological observations[J]. Trees,1999,14(3):169-176.
[24]FRENLEL C,KLEIN I,DILLEY D R. Protein synthesis in relation to ripening of pome fruit[J]. Plant Physiol,1968,43:1146-1153.
[25]张斌斌,马瑞娟,蔡志翔,等.采前套袋微环境变化对桃果实品质的影响[J],2015,51(2):233-240.
[26]陆新华,孙德权,石伟琦,等.不同时期套袋对菠萝果实发育和品质的影响[J].热带作物学报,2010,31(10):1716-1719.
[27]程智慧,赵英,孟焕文,等.不同材质果袋春夏季节套袋对黄瓜果实发育和品质的影响[J].生态学报,2007,27(2):732-739.
[28]王磊,高方胜,徐坤,等.果袋颜色对番茄果实微环境及产量和品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(8):2229-2234.
[29]李先明,伊华林,秦仲麒,等.不同时期套袋对鄂梨2号果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2008,25(6):924-927.
[30]郑金水,林河通,林文忠,等.果实采前套袋对热带亚热带果树果实品质和耐贮性的影响[J].包装与食品机械,2009,27(4):42-45.