基于FDD-OFDM信号外辐射源双基雷达的低空目标微动特征提取
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摘要
作为当前一种广泛使用的民用移动通信信号,LTE信号是低空目标探测的一种重要外辐射源信号。开展基于LTE信号的低空目标特征分析与提取研究,对于低空监视与要地防护等具有重要意义。LTE移动通信信号的核心技术之一是多载频正交频分复用技术, OFDM,分为时分双工TDD和频分双工FDD 2种模式。针对FDD-OFDM信号,首先建立了带旋翼低空目标雷达回波模型,推导了目标散射点的多普勒和微多普勒参数化表达,并分析了其微多普勒频率的影响因素。在此基础上,使用时频分析和Hough变换结合的方法对目标的微动特征参数进行提取,验证基于FDD-OFDM信号外辐射源双基雷达的低空目标微动特征提取的可行性和有效性。
The feature analysis and extraction of low-altitude targets based on LTE signal is of great significance for low-altitude target surveillance and key site protection. One of the core techniques of LTE communication signals is multi carrier orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM), i.e. Time Division Duplex(TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex(FDD). In this paper, a radar echo model of low-altitude targets with rotors is established based on FDD-OFDM signal, the parameterized expressions of Doppler and micro-Doppler of target scattering points are derived, and the factors of micro-Doppler frequency of rotating parts are analyzed. On this basis, the micro-motion parameters of the target are extracted by a method consisting of time frequency analysis and Hough transform. The feasibility and the validity of feature extraction of low-altitude micro-motion targets are verified under passive FDD-OFDM bistatic radar.
The feature analysis and extraction of low-altitude targets based on LTE signal is of great significance for low-altitude target surveillance and key site protection. One of the core techniques of LTE communication signals is multi carrier orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM), i.e. Time Division Duplex(TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex(FDD). In this paper, a radar echo model of low-altitude targets with rotors is established based on FDD-OFDM signal, the parameterized expressions of Doppler and micro-Doppler of target scattering points are derived, and the factors of micro-Doppler frequency of rotating parts are analyzed. On this basis, the micro-motion parameters of the target are extracted by a method consisting of time frequency analysis and Hough transform. The feasibility and the validity of feature extraction of low-altitude micro-motion targets are verified under passive FDD-OFDM bistatic radar.
引文
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[2] 杨广平,董士嘉.无源雷达发展展望[J].中国电子科学研究院学报,2004(3):34-36.YANG G P,DONG S J.The Future of Passive Radar[J].China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House,2004(3):34-36.(in Chinese)
[3] 左斌,赵洪立.无源探测雷达系统的现状及发展趋势浅述[J].中国科技信息,2009(14):52-53.ZUO B,ZHAO H L.Elementary Introduction of the Developing Situation and the Further Development of the Passive Detecting Radar System[J].China Science and Technology Information,2009(14):52-53.(in Chinese)
[4] 唐慧,万显荣,陈伟,等.数字地面多媒体广播外辐射源雷达目标探测实验研究[J].电子与信息学报,2013,35(3):575-580.TANG H,WAN X R,CHEN W,et al.Experimentation on Target Detection with Passive Radar Based on Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcasting[J].Journal of Electronics & Information Technology,2013,35(3):575-580.(in Chinese)
[5] 刘玉琪,易建新,万显荣,等.数字电视外辐射源雷达多旋翼无人机为微多普勒效应实验研究[J].雷达学报,2018,7(5):585-592.LIU Y Q,YI J X,WAN X R,et al.Experimental Research on Micro-Doppler Effect of Multi-Rotor Drone with Digital Television Based Passive Radar[J].Journal of Radars,2018,7(5):585-592.(in Chinese)
[6] 夏鹏.外辐射源雷达成像及目标微动效应研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2015.XIA P.Target Imaging and Its Micro-Motion Effect for Passive Radar[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2015.(in Chinses)
[7] XIA P,WAN X R.Micro-Doppler Imaging for Fast Rotating Targets Using Illuminators of Opportunity [J].IET Radar,Sonar & Navigation,2015:1-6.
[8] 夏鹏,万显荣,易建新.外辐射源雷达目标旋转部件微动参数估计[J].电波科学学报,2016,31(4):676-682.XIA P,WAN X R,YI J X.Micromotion Parameters Estimation for Rotating Structures on Target in Passive Radar[J].Chinese Journal of Radio Science,2016,31(4):676-682.(in Chinese)
[9] CLEMENTE C,PARRY T,GALSTON G,et al.GNSS Based Passive Bistatic Radar for Micro-Doppler Based Classification of Helicopters:Experimental Validation [C]//IEEE Radar Conference.Arlington VA,USA:IEEE,2015:1104-1108.
[10] MARTELLI T,COLONE F,BONGIOANNI C,et al.Short-Range Passive Radar for Small Private Airports Surveillance[C]//Proceedings of the 13th European Radar Conference.London,UK:[s.n.],2016.
[11] WANG Q,HUANG S,YANG J Y,et al.Waveform Analysis of LTE Signal for Passive Radar Application [C]//Joint International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Web Society,ICPCA/SWE.Vina del mar,Chile:[s.n.],2013:632-642.
[12] SALAH A A,RAJA A R S A,ISMAIL A,et al.Experimental Investigation on Target Detection and Tracking in Passive Radar Using Long-Term Evolution Signal [J].IET Radar,Sonar & Navigation,2016,10(3):577-585.
[13] 霍凯,游鹏,邓斌,等.OFDM雷达信号合成目标高分辨距离像原理[J].现代雷达,2010,32(10):50-54.HUO K,YOU P,DENG B,et al.Principle of Synthesizing High Resolution Range Profile of Targets Using OFDM Radar Signals[J].Modern Radar,2010,32(10):50-54.(in Chinese)
[14] 霍凯,李康乐,姜卫东,等.微动目标OFDM雷达回波调制机理[J].电子学报,2011,39(3):685-689.HUO K,LI K L,JIANG W D,et al.Analysis of the Modulation Effects on OFDM Radar Echoes from Targets with Micro-Motions[J].Acta Electronica Sinina,2011,39(3):685-689.(in Chinese)
[15] 樊昌信,曹丽娜.通信原理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2006.FAN C X,CAO L N.Communication Principle [M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2006.(in Chinese)
[16] CHEN V C,LI F Y,HO S S,et al.Micro-Doppler Effect in Radar:Phenomenon,Model and Simulation Study[J].IEEE Trans on AES,2006,42(1):2-21.
[17] NICHOLAS J,WILLIS.Bistatic Radar[M].New York:Technology Service Corporation,1995.
[18] 李开明,李长栋,李松,等.基于Gabor变换的微动目标微多普勒分析与仿真[J].空军工程大学学报(自然科学版),2010,11(1):40-43,94.LI K M,LI C D,LI S,et al.Analysis and Simulation for Micro-Doppler Information of Micro-Motion Target Based on Gabor Transformation[J].Journal of Air Force Engineering University (Natural Science Edition),2010,11(1):40-43,94.(in Chinese)