基于“两介质-三界面”模型的散煤注浆固结宏细观规律
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摘要
为了预判水泥浆注浆加固淮北矿区松散煤层效果,提供合理注浆参数,确保松散破碎围岩体注浆加固后稳定,文章基于离散元思想,将散煤和水泥视为颗粒,结合散煤-水泥浆胶结体单轴压缩试验和颗粒流模拟软件,研究散煤注浆加固效果,从宏-细观角度揭示散煤水泥浆注浆加固规律。文章构建了散煤-水泥"两介质-三界面"模型;校核了散煤-水泥浆胶结体三界面细观力学参数,分析了颗粒配比和胶结体孔隙率对散煤注浆加固效果的影响规律。研究结果表明:"两介质-三界面"模型包括散煤颗粒、水泥颗粒,散煤颗粒之间胶结界面、水泥颗粒之间的胶结界面和散煤与水泥颗粒之间的胶结界面,模型不仅能够模拟常规岩体力学实验,还能够进行胶结参数影响特性研究,适用于散体介质注浆加固效果预判;散煤-水泥浆胶结体单轴压缩强度σc和弹性模量E随着散煤与水泥颗粒配比γ增加先增大后减小,存在最佳配比,散煤含量增加的过程分为初期骨料强化和后期胶结弱化两个阶段;胶结体单轴压缩强度σc和弹性模量E随着孔隙率n增加而加速减小,粒径越小、充填程度越高的注浆材料,加固效果越好。在现场注浆设计施工过程中,根据现场围岩破碎程度,优选粒径小、可注性好的浆液,能够获得较好的注浆加固效果。
In order to predict the effect of cement slurry grouting on reinforcing loose coal seam at Huaibei mining area in China,and provide some reasonable grouting parameters to ensure the stability of loose broken surrounding rock mass,this study revealed the grouting reinforcement law of cement slurry from macro-micro perspective. Based on the discrete element theory,the uniaxial compression test on the samples of coal-cement and the particle flow simulation software,the "two media-three interfaces"cementing model for loose coal and cement was developed. The model not only includes coal particles,cement particles,but also includes interfaces between particles.In the study,the coal-cement consolidation microscopic mechanical parameters,the effects of ratio and porosity of the consolidation body were analyzed.The study shows that the "two media-three interfaces"model can not only simulate the rock mechanics experiment,but also model the influence of consolidation parameters,and is suitable for predicting the effect of grouting reinforcement.The uniaxial compressive strength( σc) and the elastic modulus( E) of the consolidated body increase first,and then decrease with the increasing proportion of loose coal and cement particles. The process of increasing loose coal content is divided into two stages: the initial stage of aggregate reinforcement and the later stage of cementation weakening.The uniaxial compressive strength( σc) and the elastic modulus( E) of the consolidation body decrease with increasing porosity,and the smaller particle and the higher degree of filling,the better the reinforcement effect.In the process of site grouting design and construction,using cement slurry with small particle size and good injection ability can obtain a better grouting reinforcement effect.
In order to predict the effect of cement slurry grouting on reinforcing loose coal seam at Huaibei mining area in China,and provide some reasonable grouting parameters to ensure the stability of loose broken surrounding rock mass,this study revealed the grouting reinforcement law of cement slurry from macro-micro perspective. Based on the discrete element theory,the uniaxial compression test on the samples of coal-cement and the particle flow simulation software,the "two media-three interfaces"cementing model for loose coal and cement was developed. The model not only includes coal particles,cement particles,but also includes interfaces between particles.In the study,the coal-cement consolidation microscopic mechanical parameters,the effects of ratio and porosity of the consolidation body were analyzed.The study shows that the "two media-three interfaces"model can not only simulate the rock mechanics experiment,but also model the influence of consolidation parameters,and is suitable for predicting the effect of grouting reinforcement.The uniaxial compressive strength( σc) and the elastic modulus( E) of the consolidated body increase first,and then decrease with the increasing proportion of loose coal and cement particles. The process of increasing loose coal content is divided into two stages: the initial stage of aggregate reinforcement and the later stage of cementation weakening.The uniaxial compressive strength( σc) and the elastic modulus( E) of the consolidation body decrease with increasing porosity,and the smaller particle and the higher degree of filling,the better the reinforcement effect.In the process of site grouting design and construction,using cement slurry with small particle size and good injection ability can obtain a better grouting reinforcement effect.
引文
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[13] LEE H,JEON S. An experimental and numerical study of fracture coalescence in pre-cracked specimens under uniaxial compression[J]. International Journal of Solids&Structures,2011,48(6):979-999.
[14]郑敏侠,辛芳,刘晓峰.Mastersizer 2000型激光粒度仪技术参数对粒度分布的影响[J].中国粉体技术,2013,19(1):76-80.ZHENG Minxia,XIN Fang,LIU Xiaofeng. Influence of mastersizer2000 type laser particle analyzer technical parameters on particle size distribution[J]. China Power Science and Technology,2013,19(1):76-80.
[15]刘仔,李艳臣.五种颗粒平均直径计算方法模拟研究[J].弹箭与制导学报,2015,35(6):145-148.LIU Zai,LI Yanchen.Simulation research of five average particle diameter calculation methods[J].Journal of Projectiles,Rockets,Missiles and Guidance,2015,35(6):145-148.
[16] LIU J,SUN S,YUE L,et al.Mechanical and failure characteristics of rock-like material with multiple crossed joint sets under uniaxial compression[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2017,9(7):1-18.
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[18] HUANG Y H,YANG S Q,RANJITH P G,et al.Strength failure behavior and crack evolution mechanism of granite containing pre-existing non-coplanar holes:Experimental study and particle flow modeling[J].Computers&Geotechnics,2017,88:182-198.
[19] YOON J. Application of experimental design and optimization to PFC model calibration in uniaxial compression simulation[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2007,44(6):871-889.
[20]丛宇,王在泉,郑颖人,等.基于颗粒流原理的岩石类材料细观参数的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(6):1031-1040.CONG Yu,WANG Zaiquan,ZHENG Yingren,et al. Experimental study on microscopic parameters of brittle materials based on particle flow theory[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(6):1031-1040.
[21]吴顺川,周喻,高利立,等.等效岩体技术在岩体工程中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(7):1435-1441.WU Shunchuan,ZHOU Yu,GAO Lili,et al. Application of equivalent rock mass technique to rock mass engineering[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(7):1435-1441.
[22]王永岩,朱羽萌,范夕燕,等.孔隙率对页岩相似材料破坏影响的试验研究[J].应用力学学报,2016,33(4):695-700.WANG Yongyan,ZHU Yumeng,FAN Xiyan,et al.The experimental study on the damage influence of the porosity on shale similar material[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechnics,2016,33(4):695-700.
[2]张聪,阳军生,叶新田,等.盾构隧道松散地层可控注浆机制及工程应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(9):2324-2332.ZHANG Cong,YANG Junsheng,YE Xintian,et al. Mechanism and application of controllable grouting in loose strata before shield tunneling[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(9):2324-2332.
[3]张庆松,李鹏,张霄,等.隧道断层泥注浆加固机制模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(5):924-934.ZHANG Qingsong,LI Peng,ZHANG Xiao,et al. Model test of grouting strengthening mechanism for fault gouge of tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(5):924-934.
[4]李召峰,李术才,张庆松,等.富水破碎岩体注浆加固模拟试验及应用研究[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(12):2246-2253.LI Zhaofeng,LI Shucai,ZHAGN Qingsong,et al.Model tests on grouting reinforcement of water-rich broken rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,38(12):2246-2253.
[5]周茗如,彭新新,苏波涛,等.普通水泥与超细水泥注浆性能分析及其黄土注浆效果对比研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2017,36(5):1673-1678.ZHOU Mingru,PENG Xinxin,SU Botao,et al.Grouting performance of ordinary cement and superfine cement and comparison of grouting effect in loess[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2017,36(5):1673-1678.
[6]张农,侯朝炯,陈庆敏.巷道围岩注浆加固体性能实验[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),1998(1):15-18.ZHANG Nong,HOU Chaojong,CHEN Qingmin. Mechanical property tests of grouting reinforced bodies of surrounding rock of roadway[J]. Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),1998(1):15-18.
[7]张农,侯朝炯.岩石破坏后的注浆固结体的力学性能[J].岩土力学,1998(3):50-53.ZHANG Nong,HOU Chaojiong.Mechanical properties of broken rock after grouting reinforcement[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,1998(3):50-53.
[8]金爱兵,王志凯,明世祥.破裂岩石加固后力学性质试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(S1):3395-3398.JIN Aibing,WANG Zhikai,MING Shixiang. Experimental investigation on the mechanical property of reinforced fractured rock[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,31(S1):3395-3398.
[9]宗义江,韩立军,韩贵雷.破裂岩体承压注浆加固力学特性试验研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(4):483-488.ZONG Yijiang,HAN Lijun,HAN Guilei. Mechanical characteristics of confined grouting reinforcement for cracked rock mass[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(4):483-488.
[10]胡巍,隋旺华,王档良,等.裂隙岩体化学注浆加固后力学性质及表征单元体的试验研究[J].中国科技论文,2013,8(5):408-412.HU Wei,SUI Wanghua,WANG Dangliang,et al. Experimental investigation on mechanical properties and representative elementary volume for chemically grouted fractured rock masses[J].China Science Paper,2013,8(5):408-412.
[11]王文学,翟守俊.水泥注浆与化学注浆加固破碎岩石对比试验[J].工程地质学报,2010,18(S):322-326.WANG Wenxue,ZHAI Shoujun.Comparison experiment of the mechanical behaviors of cement and chemical material grouted fractured rocks[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2010,18(S):322-326.
[12]石崇,徐卫亚.颗粒流数值模拟技巧与实践[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2015.
[13] LEE H,JEON S. An experimental and numerical study of fracture coalescence in pre-cracked specimens under uniaxial compression[J]. International Journal of Solids&Structures,2011,48(6):979-999.
[14]郑敏侠,辛芳,刘晓峰.Mastersizer 2000型激光粒度仪技术参数对粒度分布的影响[J].中国粉体技术,2013,19(1):76-80.ZHENG Minxia,XIN Fang,LIU Xiaofeng. Influence of mastersizer2000 type laser particle analyzer technical parameters on particle size distribution[J]. China Power Science and Technology,2013,19(1):76-80.
[15]刘仔,李艳臣.五种颗粒平均直径计算方法模拟研究[J].弹箭与制导学报,2015,35(6):145-148.LIU Zai,LI Yanchen.Simulation research of five average particle diameter calculation methods[J].Journal of Projectiles,Rockets,Missiles and Guidance,2015,35(6):145-148.
[16] LIU J,SUN S,YUE L,et al.Mechanical and failure characteristics of rock-like material with multiple crossed joint sets under uniaxial compression[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering,2017,9(7):1-18.
[17] LIN B Q,LIU T,ZOU Q L,et al.Crack propagation patterns and energy evolution rules of coal within slotting disturbed zone under various lateral pressure coefficients[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences,2015,8(9):6643-6654.
[18] HUANG Y H,YANG S Q,RANJITH P G,et al.Strength failure behavior and crack evolution mechanism of granite containing pre-existing non-coplanar holes:Experimental study and particle flow modeling[J].Computers&Geotechnics,2017,88:182-198.
[19] YOON J. Application of experimental design and optimization to PFC model calibration in uniaxial compression simulation[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2007,44(6):871-889.
[20]丛宇,王在泉,郑颖人,等.基于颗粒流原理的岩石类材料细观参数的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(6):1031-1040.CONG Yu,WANG Zaiquan,ZHENG Yingren,et al. Experimental study on microscopic parameters of brittle materials based on particle flow theory[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(6):1031-1040.
[21]吴顺川,周喻,高利立,等.等效岩体技术在岩体工程中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(7):1435-1441.WU Shunchuan,ZHOU Yu,GAO Lili,et al. Application of equivalent rock mass technique to rock mass engineering[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(7):1435-1441.
[22]王永岩,朱羽萌,范夕燕,等.孔隙率对页岩相似材料破坏影响的试验研究[J].应用力学学报,2016,33(4):695-700.WANG Yongyan,ZHU Yumeng,FAN Xiyan,et al.The experimental study on the damage influence of the porosity on shale similar material[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechnics,2016,33(4):695-700.