428份玉米自交系籽粒脱水速率的比较分析
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摘要
玉米籽粒的脱水速率是决定收获期籽粒含水量的关键因素。本研究同时在新乡原阳、商丘虞城和周口郸城调查428份玉米自交系在授粉后35～55 d不同时期的籽粒脱水速率及相关农艺性状。结果表明:428份自交系的籽粒脱水速率在三地均表现出丰富的遗传多样性,与穗轴含水量、苞叶含水量呈显著相关,与籽粒含水量呈极显著相关,与穗位高、株高、雄穗分枝数、抽雄期、吐丝期无显著相关,但与苞叶数及生理成熟期的相关性并不明确;在428份玉米自交系中,授粉后35～55 d籽粒脱水速率仅与授粉后35～40 d籽粒脱水速率(生理成熟期前)存在极显著相关,与50～55 d的籽粒脱水速率(生理成熟期后)无显著相关。这表明生理成熟期前的籽粒脱水速率对授粉后35～55 d籽粒脱水速率的影响更为显著。依据生育期、授粉后35～55 d籽粒脱水速率及授粉后55 d的籽粒含水量,共筛选出生育期不同、籽粒含水量低(低于25%)、籽粒脱水速率快(大于1%)的玉米自交系共计42份。
The dehydration rate plays a central role in determining moisture content of grain at harvest.In this study,we investigated the grain dehydrate rate(GDR)from 35-55 d after pollination and other correlative traits in 428 maize inbred lines at three locations(Yuanyang,Yucheng,Dancheng)of Henan province.The results presents GDR shows abundant genetic diversity in three locations,which correlates with the moisture content of cob,bract and significantly relates with grain at 35-55 d after pollination,un-relates with plant height,ear height,tasseling branch,tasseling stage,silking stage.However,the correlation between GDR and physiological mature period and bract number is not clear.In 428 maize inbred lines,GDR at 35-55 d after pollination only significantly correlates with that at 35-40 d after pollination(before physiological maturing period),but,no correlates to GDR at 50-55 d after pollination.This indicates that GDR before physiology maturing period in?uenced remarkably GDR 35-55 d after pollination as comparison with in other stage.By growth period,grain dehydration rate(>1%)and grain moisture content(<25%)at 55 d after pollination,42 elite inbred lines with different growth period,low grain moisture content and high grain dehydration rate were identified.
The dehydration rate plays a central role in determining moisture content of grain at harvest.In this study,we investigated the grain dehydrate rate(GDR)from 35-55 d after pollination and other correlative traits in 428 maize inbred lines at three locations(Yuanyang,Yucheng,Dancheng)of Henan province.The results presents GDR shows abundant genetic diversity in three locations,which correlates with the moisture content of cob,bract and significantly relates with grain at 35-55 d after pollination,un-relates with plant height,ear height,tasseling branch,tasseling stage,silking stage.However,the correlation between GDR and physiological mature period and bract number is not clear.In 428 maize inbred lines,GDR at 35-55 d after pollination only significantly correlates with that at 35-40 d after pollination(before physiological maturing period),but,no correlates to GDR at 50-55 d after pollination.This indicates that GDR before physiology maturing period in?uenced remarkably GDR 35-55 d after pollination as comparison with in other stage.By growth period,grain dehydration rate(>1%)and grain moisture content(<25%)at 55 d after pollination,42 elite inbred lines with different growth period,low grain moisture content and high grain dehydration rate were identified.
引文
[1]朱培,段雅洁,梁玉超,郭庆辰,刘洪泉,张鹏羽.黄淮海地区玉米机收子粒的探讨.中国种业,2015(5):13-14Zhu P,Duan Y J,Liang Y C,Guo Q C,Liu H Q,Zhang PY.Discussion on machined grain harvesting of maize in Huanghuai-hai region.China Seed Industry,2015(5):13-14
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[3]倪长安,李心平,刘师多,师清翔.机收玉米破损的危害及预防.农机化研究,2009,31(8):221-224Ni C A,Li X P,Liu S D,Shi Q X.Corn machine income of harm and damage prevention.Agricultural Mechanization Research,2009,31(8):221-224
[4]李川,乔江方,谷利敏,夏来坤,朱卫红,黄璐,刘京宝.影响玉米籽粒直接机械化收获质量的生物学性状分析.华北农学报,2015,30(6):164-169Li C,Qiao J F,Gu L M,Xia L K,Zhu W H,Huang L,Liu JB.Analysis of maize biological traits which affected corn kernel mechanically harvesting qualities.Acta Agriculture Boreali Sinica,2015,30(6):164-169
[5]党政平,雷力,李向宏,安萌,党立胜.收获期玉米品种子粒含水量与破损率关系研究.中国种业,2016(6):46-49Dang Z P,Lei L,Li X H,An M,Dang L S.Research on relation between grain moisture content and damage rate of maize hybrids at harvest.China Seed Industry,2016(6):46-49
[6]Purdy J D.Crane P L.Inheritance of drying rate in mature corn(Zea mays L.).Crop Science,1967,7(4):294-297
[7]张立国,张林,管春云,金益,王振华,任晓亮,官纪娟.玉米生理成熟后籽粒脱水速率与品质性状的相关分析.东北农业大学学报,2007,38(5):582-585Zhang L G,Zhang L,Guan C Y,Jin Y,Wang Z H,Ren XL,Guan J J.Correlation analysis on dry down rate and quality traits in maize after physiological maturity.Journal of Northeast University,2007,38(5):582-585
[8]郭晋杰,赵永锋,张冬梅,祝丽英,黄亚群,陈景堂.不同杂种优势群玉米籽粒脱水速率分析.植物遗传资源学报,2018,19(1):39-48Guo J J,Zhao Y F,Zhang D M,Zhu L Y,Huang Y Q,Chen JT.Analysis of grain dehydration rate in different maize heterotic groups.Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2018,19(1):39-48
[9]代力强,吴律,董青松,吴楠,张卓,王丕武.玉米生理成熟后子粒自然脱水速率的遗传变异与相关性分析.吉林农业大学学报,2016,38(3):261-265Dai L Q,Wu L,Dong Q S,Wu N,Zhang Z,Wang P W.Analysis of genetic variation and correlation of dehydration rate of maize after physiological maturity.Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,2016,38(3):261-265
[10]Sala R G,Andrade F H,Camadro E L,Cerono J C.Quantitative trait loci for Grain moisture at harvest and field grain drying rate in maize.Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2006,112(3):462-471
[11]李璐璐,谢瑞芝,王克如,明博,侯鹏,李少昆.黄淮海夏玉米生理成熟期子粒含水率研究.作物杂志,2017(2):88-92Li L L,Xie R Z,Wang K R,Ming B,Hou P,Li S K.Kernel moisture content of summer maize at physiological maturity in Huanghuaihai region.Crops,2017(2):88-92
[12]Cross H Z.Leaf expansion rate effects on yield and yield components in early maturing maize.Crop Science,1991,3l(3):579-583
[13]Brooking I R.Maize ear moisture during grain-filling,and its relation to physiological maturity and grain-drying.Field Crop Research,1990,23(1):55-67
[14]Eyherabide G H,Hallauer A R.Reciprocal full-sib recurrent selection in maize I:direct and indirect response.Crop Science,1991,31(4):952-959
[15]丁佳琦.我国不同年代玉米单交种及其亲本灌浆和脱水速率的研究.北京:中国农业科学院,2012Ding J Q.A study of grain filling and dehydration of rate for different period of maize single-cross hybrids and their parents in China.Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,2012
[16]张亚军,张林,周艳春,王振华.玉米杂交种生理成熟后子粒田间自然脱水速率差异分析.作物杂志,2010(2):58-61Zhang Y J,Zhang L,Zhou Y C,Wang Z H.Analysis of dehydration rate after physiological maturity in maize hybrids.Crops,2010(2):58-61
[17]赵霞,司雪琴,蔺锋,房志勇,刘京宝,黄璐,夏来坤.河南夏玉米不同品种脱水速率研究.江西农业学报,2010,22(3):32-33Zhao X,Si X Q,Lin F,Fang Z Y,Liu J B,Huang L,Xia LK.Studies on kernel dehydration rate of summer maize hybrids in Henan province.Acta Agriculture Jiangxi,2010,22(3):32-33
[18]卫勇强,雷晓兵,梁晓伟,李林,赵保献,陈润玲,赵合林.不同夏玉米品种籽粒自然脱水速率的研究.江苏农业科学,2011,39(6):167-168Wei Y Q,Lei X B,Liang X W,LI L,Zhao B X,Chen R L,Zhao H L.Study on kernel naturally dehydration rate of different summer maize hybrids varieties.Journal of Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(6):167-168
[19]谭福忠,韩翠波,邹双利,刘振江,籍依安.极早熟玉米品种籽粒脱水特性的初步研究.中国农学报,2008,24(7):161-168Tan F Z,Han C B,Zou S L,Liu Z J,Ji Y A.Element study on kernel-down traits in earliest maturity maize hybrid.Chinese Agricultural Bulletin,2008,24(7):161-168
[20]王克如,李少昆.玉米籽粒脱水速率影响因素分析.中国农业科学,2017,50(11):2017-2035Wang K R,Li S K.Analysis of influencing factors on kernel dehydration rate of maize hybrids.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(11):2017-2035
[21]王振华,张忠臣,常华章,金益,王立丰.黑龙江省38个玉米自交系生理成熟期及子粒自然脱水速率的分析.玉米科学,2001,9(2):53-55Wang Z H,Zhang Z C,Chang H Z,Jin Y,Wang L F.Analysis of physiological mature stage and kernel naturally dry down rate in 38 corn inbred in Heilongjiang.Corn Sciences,2001,9(2):53-55
[22]Crane P L.Factors associated with varietal differences in rate of field drying in corn.Agronomy Journal,1959,51(6):318-320
[23]Kang M S,Zuer M S,Horrocks R D.An electronic probe for estimating ear moisture content of maize.Crop Science,1978,18(6):1083-1084
[24]吕香玲,兰进好,张宝石.玉米果穗脱水速率的研究.西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2006,34(2):48-52Lv X L,Lan J H,Zhang B S.Study on ear moisture loss rate in maize.Journal of Northwest A&F University:Natural Science Edition,2006,34(2):48-52
[25]Magari R,Kang M S,Zhang Y.Sample size for evaluating field ear moisture loss rate in maize.Maydica,1996,41(1):19-24
[26]Hallauer A R,Russell W A.Estimates of maturity and its inheritance in maize.Crop Science,1962,2(4):289-294
[27]冯健英.美国先锋玉米种质在黄淮海地区的利用现状和前景.河北农业科学,2011,15(9):57-59,68Feng J Y.Utilization status and prospects of US prioneer maize germplasm in Huanghuaihai region.Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences,2011,15(9):57-59,68
[2]郑天存,戴景瑞,马志强,邱军,邓士政,谷登斌,王天宇.黄淮海区域小麦、玉米双机收籽粒实施措施及建议.农学学报,2016,6(8):1-3Zheng T C,Dai J R,Ma Z Q,Qiu J,Deng S Z,Gu D B,Wang T Y.Strategy and suggestion achieving wheat-maize both mechanically harvesting grain in Huang-Huai-Hai region.Journal of Agriculture,2016,6(8):1-3
[3]倪长安,李心平,刘师多,师清翔.机收玉米破损的危害及预防.农机化研究,2009,31(8):221-224Ni C A,Li X P,Liu S D,Shi Q X.Corn machine income of harm and damage prevention.Agricultural Mechanization Research,2009,31(8):221-224
[4]李川,乔江方,谷利敏,夏来坤,朱卫红,黄璐,刘京宝.影响玉米籽粒直接机械化收获质量的生物学性状分析.华北农学报,2015,30(6):164-169Li C,Qiao J F,Gu L M,Xia L K,Zhu W H,Huang L,Liu JB.Analysis of maize biological traits which affected corn kernel mechanically harvesting qualities.Acta Agriculture Boreali Sinica,2015,30(6):164-169
[5]党政平,雷力,李向宏,安萌,党立胜.收获期玉米品种子粒含水量与破损率关系研究.中国种业,2016(6):46-49Dang Z P,Lei L,Li X H,An M,Dang L S.Research on relation between grain moisture content and damage rate of maize hybrids at harvest.China Seed Industry,2016(6):46-49
[6]Purdy J D.Crane P L.Inheritance of drying rate in mature corn(Zea mays L.).Crop Science,1967,7(4):294-297
[7]张立国,张林,管春云,金益,王振华,任晓亮,官纪娟.玉米生理成熟后籽粒脱水速率与品质性状的相关分析.东北农业大学学报,2007,38(5):582-585Zhang L G,Zhang L,Guan C Y,Jin Y,Wang Z H,Ren XL,Guan J J.Correlation analysis on dry down rate and quality traits in maize after physiological maturity.Journal of Northeast University,2007,38(5):582-585
[8]郭晋杰,赵永锋,张冬梅,祝丽英,黄亚群,陈景堂.不同杂种优势群玉米籽粒脱水速率分析.植物遗传资源学报,2018,19(1):39-48Guo J J,Zhao Y F,Zhang D M,Zhu L Y,Huang Y Q,Chen JT.Analysis of grain dehydration rate in different maize heterotic groups.Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2018,19(1):39-48
[9]代力强,吴律,董青松,吴楠,张卓,王丕武.玉米生理成熟后子粒自然脱水速率的遗传变异与相关性分析.吉林农业大学学报,2016,38(3):261-265Dai L Q,Wu L,Dong Q S,Wu N,Zhang Z,Wang P W.Analysis of genetic variation and correlation of dehydration rate of maize after physiological maturity.Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,2016,38(3):261-265
[10]Sala R G,Andrade F H,Camadro E L,Cerono J C.Quantitative trait loci for Grain moisture at harvest and field grain drying rate in maize.Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2006,112(3):462-471
[11]李璐璐,谢瑞芝,王克如,明博,侯鹏,李少昆.黄淮海夏玉米生理成熟期子粒含水率研究.作物杂志,2017(2):88-92Li L L,Xie R Z,Wang K R,Ming B,Hou P,Li S K.Kernel moisture content of summer maize at physiological maturity in Huanghuaihai region.Crops,2017(2):88-92
[12]Cross H Z.Leaf expansion rate effects on yield and yield components in early maturing maize.Crop Science,1991,3l(3):579-583
[13]Brooking I R.Maize ear moisture during grain-filling,and its relation to physiological maturity and grain-drying.Field Crop Research,1990,23(1):55-67
[14]Eyherabide G H,Hallauer A R.Reciprocal full-sib recurrent selection in maize I:direct and indirect response.Crop Science,1991,31(4):952-959
[15]丁佳琦.我国不同年代玉米单交种及其亲本灌浆和脱水速率的研究.北京:中国农业科学院,2012Ding J Q.A study of grain filling and dehydration of rate for different period of maize single-cross hybrids and their parents in China.Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,2012
[16]张亚军,张林,周艳春,王振华.玉米杂交种生理成熟后子粒田间自然脱水速率差异分析.作物杂志,2010(2):58-61Zhang Y J,Zhang L,Zhou Y C,Wang Z H.Analysis of dehydration rate after physiological maturity in maize hybrids.Crops,2010(2):58-61
[17]赵霞,司雪琴,蔺锋,房志勇,刘京宝,黄璐,夏来坤.河南夏玉米不同品种脱水速率研究.江西农业学报,2010,22(3):32-33Zhao X,Si X Q,Lin F,Fang Z Y,Liu J B,Huang L,Xia LK.Studies on kernel dehydration rate of summer maize hybrids in Henan province.Acta Agriculture Jiangxi,2010,22(3):32-33
[18]卫勇强,雷晓兵,梁晓伟,李林,赵保献,陈润玲,赵合林.不同夏玉米品种籽粒自然脱水速率的研究.江苏农业科学,2011,39(6):167-168Wei Y Q,Lei X B,Liang X W,LI L,Zhao B X,Chen R L,Zhao H L.Study on kernel naturally dehydration rate of different summer maize hybrids varieties.Journal of Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(6):167-168
[19]谭福忠,韩翠波,邹双利,刘振江,籍依安.极早熟玉米品种籽粒脱水特性的初步研究.中国农学报,2008,24(7):161-168Tan F Z,Han C B,Zou S L,Liu Z J,Ji Y A.Element study on kernel-down traits in earliest maturity maize hybrid.Chinese Agricultural Bulletin,2008,24(7):161-168
[20]王克如,李少昆.玉米籽粒脱水速率影响因素分析.中国农业科学,2017,50(11):2017-2035Wang K R,Li S K.Analysis of influencing factors on kernel dehydration rate of maize hybrids.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(11):2017-2035
[21]王振华,张忠臣,常华章,金益,王立丰.黑龙江省38个玉米自交系生理成熟期及子粒自然脱水速率的分析.玉米科学,2001,9(2):53-55Wang Z H,Zhang Z C,Chang H Z,Jin Y,Wang L F.Analysis of physiological mature stage and kernel naturally dry down rate in 38 corn inbred in Heilongjiang.Corn Sciences,2001,9(2):53-55
[22]Crane P L.Factors associated with varietal differences in rate of field drying in corn.Agronomy Journal,1959,51(6):318-320
[23]Kang M S,Zuer M S,Horrocks R D.An electronic probe for estimating ear moisture content of maize.Crop Science,1978,18(6):1083-1084
[24]吕香玲,兰进好,张宝石.玉米果穗脱水速率的研究.西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2006,34(2):48-52Lv X L,Lan J H,Zhang B S.Study on ear moisture loss rate in maize.Journal of Northwest A&F University:Natural Science Edition,2006,34(2):48-52
[25]Magari R,Kang M S,Zhang Y.Sample size for evaluating field ear moisture loss rate in maize.Maydica,1996,41(1):19-24
[26]Hallauer A R,Russell W A.Estimates of maturity and its inheritance in maize.Crop Science,1962,2(4):289-294
[27]冯健英.美国先锋玉米种质在黄淮海地区的利用现状和前景.河北农业科学,2011,15(9):57-59,68Feng J Y.Utilization status and prospects of US prioneer maize germplasm in Huanghuaihai region.Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences,2011,15(9):57-59,68