Akt信号通路在二氧化硅诱导RAW264.7细胞磷酸化的作用
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摘要
目的观察蛋白激酶B(Akt)信号通路在游离二氧化硅(SiO_2)诱导小鼠单核巨噬细胞株RAW264.7细胞发生Akt磷酸化的情况,探讨Akt信号通路在矽肺早期炎症反应中的作用。方法①常规培养RAW264.7细胞,分为5个不同时间点的SiO_2刺激组,采用终质量浓度为100 mg/L的SiO_2混悬液刺激15、30、60、120和240 min,另设不予SiO_2处理的对照组。染尘结束后,收集细胞,采用蛋白免疫印迹法检测磷酸化(丝氨酸/苏氨酸位点)Akt(p-Akt)表达水平,以选择最佳染尘时间。②将RAW264.7细胞分为对照组(不予任何处理)、SiO_2组(予终质量浓度为100 mg/L SiO_2混悬液处理)和干预组(予Akt活化抑制剂Deguelin预处理1 h后,予终质量浓度为100 mg/L SiO_2混悬液处理)。孵育60 min后,收集细胞,以细胞免疫荧光法观察细胞内p-Akt表达及定位情况,以蛋白免疫印迹法检测细胞中p-Akt相对表达水平,以酶联免疫吸附实验检测细胞上清液中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)水平。结果①离体RAW264.7细胞染尘模型最佳处理时间为60 min。②细胞免疫荧光结果显示,RAW264.7细胞经SiO_2刺激后,Akt磷酸化作用被激活;SiO_2组细胞p-Akt荧光表达量较对照组增强,干预组细胞p-Akt荧光表达量弱于SiO_2组。SiO_2组、干预组细胞内p-Akt蛋白相对表达水平和细胞上清液中TNF-α、TGF-β的水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),干预组细胞上述3个指标均低于SiO_2组(P<0.05)。结论 Akt信号通路可能通过参与SiO_2诱导巨噬细胞磷酸化而参与矽肺早期炎症反应的过程。
Objective To observe the status of protein kinase B(Akt) signaling pathway in Akt phosphorylation induced by free silica(SiO_2) in mouse monocyte macrophage cell RAW264.7, and the role of Akt signaling pathway in early inflammatory response of silicosis. Methods i) RAW264.7 cells were routinely cultured and divided into SiO_2 stimulation groups at 5 different time points, and were stimulated for 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 minutes with SiO_2 suspension with a final concentration of 100 mg/L, and a control group without SiO_2 treatment. At the end of treatment, the cells were collected and the expression of phospho-(Ser/Thr) Akt(p-Akt) was detected by Western blotting to select the optimal time of treatment. ii) RAW264.7 cells were divided into control group(no treatment), SiO_2 exposure group(previous concentration of 100 mg/L SiO_2 suspension) and intervention group(pre-treated with Akt activation inhibitor deguelin for one hour and then treated with 100 mg/L SiO_2 suspension), samples were collected after incubation for 60 minutes. The p-Akt expression and distribution in cells were detected by cellular immunofluorescence assay, the relative expression of p-Akt in cells was detected by Western blotting, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) in the supernatant of cells were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results i) The optimal treatment time of RAW264.7 cells for SiO_2 exposure model was 60 minutes in vitro. ii) The results of cellular immunofluorescence assay showed that Akt phosphorylation was activated in RAW264.7 cells after stimulant with SiO_2, and the fluorescence of p-Akt was enhanced in the SiO_2 exposure group than the control group, and in the intervention group it was relatively weaker than the SiO_2 exposure group. The relative expression of p-Akt as well as the levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the SiO_2 exposure group and the intervention group were higher than that in the control group(P<0.05), and the above three idexes in the intervention group were lower than the SiO_2 exposure group(P<0.05). Conclusion Akt signaling pathway is involved in the process of SiO_2-induced macrophages phosphorylation, and participates in the early inflammatory response of silicosis.
Objective To observe the status of protein kinase B(Akt) signaling pathway in Akt phosphorylation induced by free silica(SiO_2) in mouse monocyte macrophage cell RAW264.7, and the role of Akt signaling pathway in early inflammatory response of silicosis. Methods i) RAW264.7 cells were routinely cultured and divided into SiO_2 stimulation groups at 5 different time points, and were stimulated for 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 minutes with SiO_2 suspension with a final concentration of 100 mg/L, and a control group without SiO_2 treatment. At the end of treatment, the cells were collected and the expression of phospho-(Ser/Thr) Akt(p-Akt) was detected by Western blotting to select the optimal time of treatment. ii) RAW264.7 cells were divided into control group(no treatment), SiO_2 exposure group(previous concentration of 100 mg/L SiO_2 suspension) and intervention group(pre-treated with Akt activation inhibitor deguelin for one hour and then treated with 100 mg/L SiO_2 suspension), samples were collected after incubation for 60 minutes. The p-Akt expression and distribution in cells were detected by cellular immunofluorescence assay, the relative expression of p-Akt in cells was detected by Western blotting, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) in the supernatant of cells were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results i) The optimal treatment time of RAW264.7 cells for SiO_2 exposure model was 60 minutes in vitro. ii) The results of cellular immunofluorescence assay showed that Akt phosphorylation was activated in RAW264.7 cells after stimulant with SiO_2, and the fluorescence of p-Akt was enhanced in the SiO_2 exposure group than the control group, and in the intervention group it was relatively weaker than the SiO_2 exposure group. The relative expression of p-Akt as well as the levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the SiO_2 exposure group and the intervention group were higher than that in the control group(P<0.05), and the above three idexes in the intervention group were lower than the SiO_2 exposure group(P<0.05). Conclusion Akt signaling pathway is involved in the process of SiO_2-induced macrophages phosphorylation, and participates in the early inflammatory response of silicosis.
引文
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[8] LING L, GU S, CHENG Y, et al. bFGF promotes Sca-1+ cardiac stem cell migration through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway[J]. Mol Med Rep,2018,17(2):2349-2356.
[9] KAWABATA T, TOKUDA H, SAKAI G, et al. Repression of IGF-I-induced osteoblast migration by (-)-epigallocatechin gallate through p44/p42MAP kinase signaling[J]. Biomed Rep,2018,9(4):318-326.
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[12] 李涛.新时期职业病防治形势分析及对策建议[J].中国职业医学,2018,45(5):537-542.
[13] 王焕强,李涛.尘肺病的定义与历史[J].中国职业医学,2017,44(4):485-493.
[14] 赵娜,吴洁,宋向荣,等.骨髓间充质干细胞治疗矽肺小鼠肺纤维化效果[J].中国职业医学,2017,44(6):657-663.
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[17] LIU H, CHENG Y, YANG J, et al. BBC3 in macrophages promoted pulmonary fibrosis development through inducing autophagy during silicosis[J]. Cell Death Dis,2017,8(3):e2657.
[18] YAO S Q, ROJANASAKUL L W, CHEN Z Y, et al. Fas/FasL pathway-mediated alveolar macrophage apoptosis involved in human silicosis[J]. Apoptosis,2011,16(12):1195-1204.
[19] LU Y, LI C, DU S, et al. 4-1BB signaling promotes alveolar macrophages-mediated pro-fibrotic responses and crystalline silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice[J]. Front Immunol,2018,9:1848.
[20] 刘玲,何振华.PI3K/Akt信号通路与肺纤维化[J].微生物学免疫学进展,2017,45(6):80-84.
[21] 王娜,栾材富.EGFR/PI3K/Akt信号通路在肺癌中的研究进展[J].国际检验医学杂志,2016,37(14):1984-1987.
[22] 麻芝英,何志义,钟小宁,等.PI3K/Akt信号通路及相关药物在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的研究进展[J].广东医学,2014,35(20):3257-3260.
[23] 王晓艳,宋瑞瑞,张晓雪,等.PI3K/Akt信号通路在染尘大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞自噬中作用[J].中国职业医学,2016,43(3):247-255.
[24] 韩婷婷,史家欣,李小民.Akt下游蛋白调控炎症介质表达机制的研究进展[J].南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2018,38(6):853-857.
[25] 傅相均,庹芳旭,唐寅,等.PI3K/Akt信号通路在环境内分泌干扰物影响哮喘发作中的作用[J].实用医学杂志,2018,34(6):1030-1032.
[26] 嵇莹莹,龚国清.PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路在炎症相关疾病中分子机制研究进展[J].药学研究,2018,37(4):226-229.
[27] ANNIBALDI A,MEIER P. Checkpoints in TNF-induced cell death: implications in inflammation and cancer[J]. Trends Mol Med,2018,24(1):49-65.
[28] BLASER H, DOSTERT C, MAK T W, et al. TNF and ROS crosstalk in inflammation[J]. Trends Cell Biol,2016,26(4):249-261.
[29] SISTO M, LORUSSO L, INGRAVALLO G, et al. The TGF-β1 signaling pathway as an attractive target in the fibrosis pathogenesis of Sjgren's syndrome[J]. Mediators Inflamm,2018:1965935. doi: 10.1155/2018/1965935.
[30] SON J Y, KIM S Y, CHO S H, et al.TGF-β1 T869C polymorphism may affect susceptibility to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and disease severity[J]. Lung,2013,191(2):199 -205.
[31] 鲍艳红,黄常新.放射性肺炎的发病机制及其防治研究进展[J].实用医学杂志,2015,31(21):3621-3623.
[32] WANG Y W, LAN J Y, YANG L Y, et al. TNF-α and IL-1RA polymorphisms and silicosis susceptibility in Chinese workers exposed to silica particles: a case-control study[J]. Biomed Environ Sci,2012,25(5):517-525.
[33] JIANG P R, CAO Z, QIU Z L, et al. Plasma levels of TNF-α and MMP-9 in patients with silicosis[J]. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci,2015,19(9):1716-1720.
[34] 陈丽,贾晓民,王新梅,等.矽肺肺纤维化患者血清转化生长因子-β1检测及其意义[J].中国临床研究,2014,27(12):1498-1500.
[35] HSU Y C, CHIANG J H, YU C S, et al. Antitumor effects of deguelin on H460 human lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo: roles of apoptotic cell death and H460 tumor xenografts model[J]. Environ Toxicol,2017,32(1):84-98.
[36] KANG W, ZHENG X, WANG P, et al. Deguelin exerts anticancer activity of human gastric cancer MGC-803 and MKN- 45 cells in vitro[J]. Int J Mol Med,2018,41(6):3157-3166.
[37] LIW, YU X, MA X, et al. Deguelin attenuates non-small cell lung cancer cell metastasis through inhibiting the CtsZ/FAK signaling pathway[J]. Cell Signal,2018,50:131-141.
[2] ZOU W Y, MENG X J, CAI Q C, et al. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) plays a role in the polarization of neutrophil-like HL-60 cells by regulating the activation of Akt, Src, and Rho family GTPases[J]. Cell Physiol Biochem,2012,30(1):221-237.
[3] DEHGHANY ASHKEZARY M, ABOEE-MEHRIZI F, MORADI P. SiO2@antisense molecules covered by nepetalactone, extracted from Nepeta gloeocephala, inhibits ILK phosphorylation and downstream PKB/Akt signaling in HeLa cells[J]. Cancer Gene Ther,2017,24(1):28-32.
[4] KOUNDOUROS N, POULOGIANNIS G. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling and redox metabolism in cancer[J]. Front Oncol,2018,8:160.
[5] LIU H, DAI X, CHENG Y,et al. MCPIP1 mediates silica-induced cell migration in human pulmonary fibroblasts[J]. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol,2016,310(2):L121-L132.
[6] CANTRELL W, HUANG Y, MENCHACA A A, et al. Synthesis and PI3 kinase inhibition activity of a wortmannin-leucine derivative[J]. Molecules,2018,23(7). doi: 10.3390/molecules23071791.
[7] ZHANG Q, CHEN L, ZHAO Z, et al. HMGA1 mediated high-glucose-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in diabetes mellitus:association between PI3K/Akt signaling and HMGA1 Expression[J]. DNA Cell Biol,2018,37(4):389-397.
[8] LING L, GU S, CHENG Y, et al. bFGF promotes Sca-1+ cardiac stem cell migration through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway[J]. Mol Med Rep,2018,17(2):2349-2356.
[9] KAWABATA T, TOKUDA H, SAKAI G, et al. Repression of IGF-I-induced osteoblast migration by (-)-epigallocatechin gallate through p44/p42MAP kinase signaling[J]. Biomed Rep,2018,9(4):318-326.
[10] ZOU W Y, CHU X W, CAI Q C, et al. Akt-mediated regulation of polarization in differentiated human neutrophil-like HL-60 cells.Inflamm[J]. Inflamm Res,2012,61(8):853-862.
[11] LI X, HU Y, JIN Z, et al. Silica-induced TNF-alpha and TGF-beta1 expression in RAW264.7 cells are dependent on Src-ERK/AP-1 pathways[J]. Toxicol Mech Methods,2009,19(1):51-58.
[12] 李涛.新时期职业病防治形势分析及对策建议[J].中国职业医学,2018,45(5):537-542.
[13] 王焕强,李涛.尘肺病的定义与历史[J].中国职业医学,2017,44(4):485-493.
[14] 赵娜,吴洁,宋向荣,等.骨髓间充质干细胞治疗矽肺小鼠肺纤维化效果[J].中国职业医学,2017,44(6):657-663.
[15] REILLY M J, TIMMER S J, ROSENMAN K D. The burden of silicosis in Michigan: 1988-2016[J]. Ann Am Thorac Soc,2018,15(12):1404-1410.
[16] JOSHI G N, GILBERTI R M, KNECHT D A. Single cell analysis of phagocytosis, phagosome maturation, phagolysosomal leakage, and cell death following exposure of macrophages to silica particles[J]. Methods Mol Biol,2017,1519:55-77.
[17] LIU H, CHENG Y, YANG J, et al. BBC3 in macrophages promoted pulmonary fibrosis development through inducing autophagy during silicosis[J]. Cell Death Dis,2017,8(3):e2657.
[18] YAO S Q, ROJANASAKUL L W, CHEN Z Y, et al. Fas/FasL pathway-mediated alveolar macrophage apoptosis involved in human silicosis[J]. Apoptosis,2011,16(12):1195-1204.
[19] LU Y, LI C, DU S, et al. 4-1BB signaling promotes alveolar macrophages-mediated pro-fibrotic responses and crystalline silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice[J]. Front Immunol,2018,9:1848.
[20] 刘玲,何振华.PI3K/Akt信号通路与肺纤维化[J].微生物学免疫学进展,2017,45(6):80-84.
[21] 王娜,栾材富.EGFR/PI3K/Akt信号通路在肺癌中的研究进展[J].国际检验医学杂志,2016,37(14):1984-1987.
[22] 麻芝英,何志义,钟小宁,等.PI3K/Akt信号通路及相关药物在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的研究进展[J].广东医学,2014,35(20):3257-3260.
[23] 王晓艳,宋瑞瑞,张晓雪,等.PI3K/Akt信号通路在染尘大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞自噬中作用[J].中国职业医学,2016,43(3):247-255.
[24] 韩婷婷,史家欣,李小民.Akt下游蛋白调控炎症介质表达机制的研究进展[J].南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2018,38(6):853-857.
[25] 傅相均,庹芳旭,唐寅,等.PI3K/Akt信号通路在环境内分泌干扰物影响哮喘发作中的作用[J].实用医学杂志,2018,34(6):1030-1032.
[26] 嵇莹莹,龚国清.PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路在炎症相关疾病中分子机制研究进展[J].药学研究,2018,37(4):226-229.
[27] ANNIBALDI A,MEIER P. Checkpoints in TNF-induced cell death: implications in inflammation and cancer[J]. Trends Mol Med,2018,24(1):49-65.
[28] BLASER H, DOSTERT C, MAK T W, et al. TNF and ROS crosstalk in inflammation[J]. Trends Cell Biol,2016,26(4):249-261.
[29] SISTO M, LORUSSO L, INGRAVALLO G, et al. The TGF-β1 signaling pathway as an attractive target in the fibrosis pathogenesis of Sjgren's syndrome[J]. Mediators Inflamm,2018:1965935. doi: 10.1155/2018/1965935.
[30] SON J Y, KIM S Y, CHO S H, et al.TGF-β1 T869C polymorphism may affect susceptibility to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and disease severity[J]. Lung,2013,191(2):199 -205.
[31] 鲍艳红,黄常新.放射性肺炎的发病机制及其防治研究进展[J].实用医学杂志,2015,31(21):3621-3623.
[32] WANG Y W, LAN J Y, YANG L Y, et al. TNF-α and IL-1RA polymorphisms and silicosis susceptibility in Chinese workers exposed to silica particles: a case-control study[J]. Biomed Environ Sci,2012,25(5):517-525.
[33] JIANG P R, CAO Z, QIU Z L, et al. Plasma levels of TNF-α and MMP-9 in patients with silicosis[J]. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci,2015,19(9):1716-1720.
[34] 陈丽,贾晓民,王新梅,等.矽肺肺纤维化患者血清转化生长因子-β1检测及其意义[J].中国临床研究,2014,27(12):1498-1500.
[35] HSU Y C, CHIANG J H, YU C S, et al. Antitumor effects of deguelin on H460 human lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo: roles of apoptotic cell death and H460 tumor xenografts model[J]. Environ Toxicol,2017,32(1):84-98.
[36] KANG W, ZHENG X, WANG P, et al. Deguelin exerts anticancer activity of human gastric cancer MGC-803 and MKN- 45 cells in vitro[J]. Int J Mol Med,2018,41(6):3157-3166.
[37] LIW, YU X, MA X, et al. Deguelin attenuates non-small cell lung cancer cell metastasis through inhibiting the CtsZ/FAK signaling pathway[J]. Cell Signal,2018,50:131-141.