光果甘草提酸废渣萃取物降血糖活性的研究
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摘要
实验研究光果甘草提取甘草酸后废渣的萃取物(WEG)对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导糖尿病小鼠的降血糖活性,探讨WEG对糖尿病小鼠的血糖、血脂、抗氧化能力的影响以及对肾脏、肝脏的保护作用;采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测-质谱联用检测技术(HPLC-DAD-MS),结合与标准品相对照的方法,初步鉴定萃取物中主要色谱峰的化学结构,并采用HPLC法测定主要成分的含量。WEG高剂量组(150 mg/kg)能够恢复糖尿病小鼠的血糖、肝糖原、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力至正常水平,显著降低丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平,提高总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)水平,并能显著降低肌酐(Cre)和尿素氮(UREA)水平,降血糖效果与阳性高剂量组(盐酸二甲双胍300 mg/kg)无显著差异。WEG中主要色谱峰成分为光甘草定,含量为6.46%。上述研究结果表明:WEG能够显著改善糖尿病小鼠的糖代谢紊乱,有效调节机体氧化应激水平,减轻高脂血症,修复肝、肾损伤,具有成为治疗糖尿病的新型保健品或功能食品的潜在应用价值。
The hypoglycemic activity effects of glycyrrhizic acid waste extracts from hypoglycemic activity(WEG) on streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic mices, blood sugar, blood fat, antioxidative function, liver and kidney protection were inviestigated. Combined with the standard comparation method, the chemical structure of the main components of WEG were determined by high performance liquid chromatographydiode array detection-mass spectrometry(HPLC-DAD-MS), and contents of major components were determined by HPLC method. The antidiabetic activity of WEG(especially high dose) was mediated through significantly decreased blood glucose level, increased liver glycogen level, decreased levels of cholesterol and triglyceride and enhanced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level to respective normal values. Oxidative stress parameters, namely, serum superoxide dismutase in diabetic mice was also reverted to normal values after administration. ALT and AST levels as well as decreased, and TP and ALB level were pronounced in diabetes. The WEG treatment significantly decreased levels of Cre and UREA in diabetic mice. The hypoglycemic activity effects of WEG group had no significantly differences to metformin hydrochloride treatments group. Glabridin with content of 6.46% was the major component of WEG. These results demonstrated that WEG was quite effective against hyperglycaemia and associated oxidative stress, reduce diabetes-induced abnormalities of liver and kidney tissues, and might be a potential therapeutic agent for diabetes treatment.
The hypoglycemic activity effects of glycyrrhizic acid waste extracts from hypoglycemic activity(WEG) on streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic mices, blood sugar, blood fat, antioxidative function, liver and kidney protection were inviestigated. Combined with the standard comparation method, the chemical structure of the main components of WEG were determined by high performance liquid chromatographydiode array detection-mass spectrometry(HPLC-DAD-MS), and contents of major components were determined by HPLC method. The antidiabetic activity of WEG(especially high dose) was mediated through significantly decreased blood glucose level, increased liver glycogen level, decreased levels of cholesterol and triglyceride and enhanced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level to respective normal values. Oxidative stress parameters, namely, serum superoxide dismutase in diabetic mice was also reverted to normal values after administration. ALT and AST levels as well as decreased, and TP and ALB level were pronounced in diabetes. The WEG treatment significantly decreased levels of Cre and UREA in diabetic mice. The hypoglycemic activity effects of WEG group had no significantly differences to metformin hydrochloride treatments group. Glabridin with content of 6.46% was the major component of WEG. These results demonstrated that WEG was quite effective against hyperglycaemia and associated oxidative stress, reduce diabetes-induced abnormalities of liver and kidney tissues, and might be a potential therapeutic agent for diabetes treatment.
引文
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[16]YEHUDA I,MADAR Z,SZUCHMAN-SAPIR A,et al.Glabridin,a Phytoestrogen from Licorice Root,Upregulates Manganese Superoxide Dismutase,Catalase and Paraoxonase 2 under 2 Glucose Stress[J].Phytotherapy Research,2011,25(5):659-667.
[17]YEHUDA I,MADAR Z,LEIKIN-FRENKEL A,et al.Glabridin,an isoflavan from licorice root,upregulates paraoxonase 2 expression under hyperglycemia and protects it from oxidation[J].Molecular Nutrition&Food Research,2016,60(2):287-299.
[18]WU F,JIN Z,JIN J.Hypoglycemic effects of glabridin,a polyphenolic flavonoid from licorice,in an animal model of diabetes mellitus[J].MOLECULAR MEDICINEREPORTS,2013,7(4):1278-1282.
[19]ABD EL-GHFFAR E A.Ameliorative effect of glabridin,a main component of Glycyrrhiza glabra L.roots in streptozotocin induced Type 1 diabetes in male albino rats[J].Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge,2016,15(4):570-579.
[20]SAWADA K,YAMASHITA Y,ZHANG T,et al.Glabridin induces glucose uptake via the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway in muscle cells[J].Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology,2014,393(1-2):99-108.
[2]KATAYA H H,HAMZA A A,RAMADAN G A,et al.Effect of licorice extract on the complications of diabetes nephropathy in rats[J].Drug and Chemical Toxicology,2011,34(2):101-108.
[3]ALQAHTANI A,HAMID K,KAM A,et al.The pentacyclic triterpenoids in herbal medicines and their pharmacological activities in diabetes and diabetic complications[J].Current Medicinal Chemistry,2013,20(7):908-931.
[4]YAO K,CHEN H,LEE M,et al.Licochalcone A,a Natural Inhibitor of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 1[J].Cancer Prevention Research,2014,7(1):139-149.
[5]PARK H G,BAK E J,WOO G,et al.Licochalcone E has an antidiabetic effect[J].Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,2012,23(7):759-767.
[6]GAUR R,YADAV K S,VERMA R K,et al.In vivo antidiabetic activity of derivatives of isoliquiritigenin and liquiritigenin[J].Phytomedicine,2014,21(4):415-422.
[7]李学禹.甘草属分类系统与新分类群的研究[J].植物研究,1993,13(1):14-43.
[8]冯亚娟,胡滨青,周建华.甘草黄酮对糖尿病大鼠血糖、血脂水平及抗氧化能力的影响[J].山东医药,2016,(03):23-25.
[9]赵海燕,杨少娟,马永平,等.甘草黄酮对2型糖尿病大鼠骨骼肌中PPARγ蛋白的影响[J].广东医学,2013,21:3246-3249.
[10]赵金英,樊紫周,赵伟鸿,等.栽培甘草的黄酮提取物对糖尿病大鼠血糖、尿糖及抗氧化作用的影响[J].宁夏医科大学学报,2012,(02):110-114.
[11]卢宁清,赵伟鸿,樊紫周,等.宁夏栽培甘草的黄酮提取物降糖作用实验研究[J].宁夏医科大学学报,2013,(05):510-514.
[12]赵金英,杨卫东,李红兵,等.栽培甘草中甘草黄酮提取物对糖尿病大鼠血糖血脂的调节作用[J].时珍国医国药,2012,(01):101-103.
[13]SWANSTON-FLATT S K,DAY C,BAILEY C J,et al.Traditional plant treatments for diabetes.Studies in normal and streptozotocin diabetic mice[J].Diabetologia,1990,33(8):462-464.
[14]NAKAGAWA K,KISHIDA H,ARAI N,et al.Licorice flavonoids suppress abdominal fat accumulation and increase in blood glucose level in obese diabetic KK-A(y)mice[J].Biological&pharmaceutical bulletin,2004,27(11):1775-1778.
[15]SIMONS R.Prenylated isoflavonoids from soya and licorice:analysis,induction and in vitro estrogenicity[J].Wur Wageningen Ur,2011,52(10):9-10.
[16]YEHUDA I,MADAR Z,SZUCHMAN-SAPIR A,et al.Glabridin,a Phytoestrogen from Licorice Root,Upregulates Manganese Superoxide Dismutase,Catalase and Paraoxonase 2 under 2 Glucose Stress[J].Phytotherapy Research,2011,25(5):659-667.
[17]YEHUDA I,MADAR Z,LEIKIN-FRENKEL A,et al.Glabridin,an isoflavan from licorice root,upregulates paraoxonase 2 expression under hyperglycemia and protects it from oxidation[J].Molecular Nutrition&Food Research,2016,60(2):287-299.
[18]WU F,JIN Z,JIN J.Hypoglycemic effects of glabridin,a polyphenolic flavonoid from licorice,in an animal model of diabetes mellitus[J].MOLECULAR MEDICINEREPORTS,2013,7(4):1278-1282.
[19]ABD EL-GHFFAR E A.Ameliorative effect of glabridin,a main component of Glycyrrhiza glabra L.roots in streptozotocin induced Type 1 diabetes in male albino rats[J].Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge,2016,15(4):570-579.
[20]SAWADA K,YAMASHITA Y,ZHANG T,et al.Glabridin induces glucose uptake via the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway in muscle cells[J].Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology,2014,393(1-2):99-108.