光照对川陕哲罗鲑受精卵孵化的影响
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摘要
为了解光照强度和光照周期对川陕哲罗鲑(Hucho bleekeri kimura)受精卵孵化的影响,设置4个不同光照条件(24 h黑暗、12 h黑暗∶12 h强光、24 h强光、24 h弱光),比较川陕哲罗鲑受精卵的孵化率和孵化时间。结果显示:川陕哲罗鲑均保持较高的孵化率,其中,24 h黑暗组的孵化率为(63.75±3.31)%,显著低于其他3个试验组;24 h弱光组的孵化率为(82.08±2.60)%,显著高于其他3个试验组。在不同发育阶段,各个试验组的川陕哲罗鲑受精卵死亡率高度一致,死亡较高的时期主要集中在细胞期-囊胚早期和孵化期。从孵出时间来看,24 h黑暗组和24 h弱光组的孵出时间略早于其他2个试验组,各组分别历时23.5 d(24 h黑暗)、25.5 d(12 h黑暗∶12 h强光)、25.5 d(24 h强光)和24.5 d(24 h弱光)完成整个胚胎发育过程。
Illumination is an important environmental factor which influences the hatching of fertilized eggs of fish.This research investigated the effect of light intensity and light cycle on fertilized eggs hatching of Sichuan taimen(Hucho bleekeri Kimura).The hatching rate and hatching time of the fertilized eggs of the H.bleekeri were compared under the conditions of four different light settings(24 hrs dark,12 hrs dark:12 hrs light,24 hrs intense-light,and 24 hrs low-light).The results indicated that all test groups presented the high hatching rates of the H.bleeker.Among them,the hatching rate of the 24 hrs dark group was(63.75±3.31)%,which was significantly lower than other three experimental groups.Oppositely,the hatching rate of the 24 hrs low-light group was(82.08±2.60)%,which was significantly higher than other three test groups.The mortality rate of fertilized eggs of the H.bleekeri was highly consistent among the all experimental groups at different developmental stages,with the higher deaths mainly concentrating in the early stages of the experiment and incubation period.The 24 hrs dark group and 24 hrs low-light group was slightly earlier than the other two test groups.Each group lasted 23.5 days(24 hrs dark),25.5 days(12 hrs dark:12 hrs intense-light),25.5 days(24 hrs intense-light)and 24.5 days(24 hrs low-light)to complete the entire embryonic development process.
Illumination is an important environmental factor which influences the hatching of fertilized eggs of fish.This research investigated the effect of light intensity and light cycle on fertilized eggs hatching of Sichuan taimen(Hucho bleekeri Kimura).The hatching rate and hatching time of the fertilized eggs of the H.bleekeri were compared under the conditions of four different light settings(24 hrs dark,12 hrs dark:12 hrs light,24 hrs intense-light,and 24 hrs low-light).The results indicated that all test groups presented the high hatching rates of the H.bleeker.Among them,the hatching rate of the 24 hrs dark group was(63.75±3.31)%,which was significantly lower than other three experimental groups.Oppositely,the hatching rate of the 24 hrs low-light group was(82.08±2.60)%,which was significantly higher than other three test groups.The mortality rate of fertilized eggs of the H.bleekeri was highly consistent among the all experimental groups at different developmental stages,with the higher deaths mainly concentrating in the early stages of the experiment and incubation period.The 24 hrs dark group and 24 hrs low-light group was slightly earlier than the other two test groups.Each group lasted 23.5 days(24 hrs dark),25.5 days(12 hrs dark:12 hrs intense-light),25.5 days(24 hrs intense-light)and 24.5 days(24 hrs low-light)to complete the entire embryonic development process.
引文
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[14] Field-Dodgson M S.The effect of salmon redd excavation on stream substrate and benthic community of two salmon spawning streams in Canterbury,New Zealand [J].Hydrobiologia,1987,154:3-11.
[15]丁瑞华,方静.川陕哲罗鲑保护生物学的研究Ⅱ.性状及生态学资料[J].四川动物,1995,(1):16-19.
[2]邓小林.玛可河水域川陕哲罗鲑的濒危原因与保护措施[J].甘肃农业,2007,(6):87-88.
[3]申志新,唐文家,李柯懋.青海省玛柯河数量变动及原因分析[J].水利渔业,2006,(1):71-73.
[4]吴光举,杨兴政,谢菊花,等.岷江上游虎嘉鱼的现状[J].四川动物,2001,20(2):82.
[5]乐佩琦,陈宜瑜.中国濒危动物红皮书·鱼类[M].北京:科学出版社,1998.
[6]杜浩,李罗新,危起伟,等.濒危物种川陕哲罗鲑在汉江上游太白河再发现[J].动物学杂志,2014,(3):414.
[7]张永泉,尹家胜,贾钟贺,等.哲罗鱼胚胎和仔鱼发育的研究[J].大连水产学院学报,2008,23(6):425-430.
[8]Witkowski A,Kokurewicz B.The embryonal and postem-bryonal development of the Danube salmon Hucho hucho(L.)(Pisces:Salmonidae)[J].Acta Hydrobiologica,1981,23(1):85-94.
[9]施德亮,危起伟,孙庆亮,等.秦岭细鳞鲑早期发育观察[J].中国水产科学,2012,19(4):557-567.
[10]王国恩.鱼类早期胚胎发生及环境影响[J].东北师范大学学报(自然科学版),1988,(3):115-131.
[11]郭永灿.水温对鲢鱼、草鱼胚胎发育的影响[J].淡水渔业,1982,(3):35-40.
[12]殷名称.鱼类生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995.
[13]施德亮.秦岭细鳞鲑早期发育的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2012.
[14] Field-Dodgson M S.The effect of salmon redd excavation on stream substrate and benthic community of two salmon spawning streams in Canterbury,New Zealand [J].Hydrobiologia,1987,154:3-11.
[15]丁瑞华,方静.川陕哲罗鲑保护生物学的研究Ⅱ.性状及生态学资料[J].四川动物,1995,(1):16-19.