高含油量油菜新品种选育研究进展
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摘要
油菜是中国第一大自产油料作物,提高菜籽含油量是当前增加菜油产量最为有效的途径。本综述总结了利用常规育种、诱变育种等方法选育高含油油菜新品种的进展。同时,还探讨了含油量相关的功能基因、分子标记方面研究。研究发现高含油量油菜主要是甘蓝型油菜,且三系材料多为不育系和恢复系,都可作为亲本选育高含油油菜新品种;高含油量品种作为母本选配新品种更容易得到含油量较高的新品种;功能基因多与乙酰CoA相关;已经检测到了许多含油量相关的QTL,但重复性低,难以直接应用于油菜育种。
Rapeseed is the largest self-produced oil crop in China. Increasing rapeseed oil content is the most effective way to increase rapeseed oil yield at present. This paper reviewed the progress of breeding new rapeseed varieties with high oil content by conventional breeding and mutation breeding. Meanwhile, functional genes and molecular markers related to oil content were also discussed. It was found that rapeseed with high oil content was mainly Brassica napus, and most of the three lines were male sterile lines and restorer lines, which could be used as parents to breed new rapeseed varieties with high oil content. High oil content varieties were easier to get new varieties with higher oil content when they are selected as female parent. A majority of functional genes were related with acetyl CoA. Many oil-related QTLs have been detected, but their repeatability is low, which makes it difficult to be directly applied to rape breeding.
Rapeseed is the largest self-produced oil crop in China. Increasing rapeseed oil content is the most effective way to increase rapeseed oil yield at present. This paper reviewed the progress of breeding new rapeseed varieties with high oil content by conventional breeding and mutation breeding. Meanwhile, functional genes and molecular markers related to oil content were also discussed. It was found that rapeseed with high oil content was mainly Brassica napus, and most of the three lines were male sterile lines and restorer lines, which could be used as parents to breed new rapeseed varieties with high oil content. High oil content varieties were easier to get new varieties with higher oil content when they are selected as female parent. A majority of functional genes were related with acetyl CoA. Many oil-related QTLs have been detected, but their repeatability is low, which makes it difficult to be directly applied to rape breeding.
引文
Cao Z.Y.,Tian F.,Wang N.,Jiang C.C.,Lin B.,Xia W.,Shi J.Q.,Long Y.,Zhang C.Y.,and Meng J.L.,2010,Analysis of QTLs for erucic acid and oil content in seeds on A8 chromosome and the linkage drag between the alleles for the two traits in Brassica napus,J.Genet.Genomics,37(4):231-240
Chen J.,2017,QTL mapping of silique and seed related traits including oil content in Brassica napus L.using a high-density sequence-based linkage map,Dissertation for Ph.D.,Huazhong Agricultural University,Supervisor:Liu K.D.,pp.19-22(陈军,2017,利用高密度SNP图谱定位甘蓝型油菜含油量及角粒相关性状QTL,博士学位论文,华中农业大学,导师:刘克德,pp.19-22)
Chen J.Q.,Huang R.Z.,Lang C.X.,Hu Z.H.,and Liu Z.H.,1999,Molecular cloning and sequencing of the PEP gene from Brassica napus and construction of the antisense PEP gene,Zhejiang Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Zhejiang University(A-griculture and Life Sciences)),(4):25-27(陈锦清,黄锐之,郎春秀,胡张华,刘智宏,1999,油菜PEP基因的克隆及PEP反义基因的构建,浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),(4):25-27)
Ecke W.,Uzunova M.,and WeiBleder K.,1995,Mapping the genome of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).II.localization of genes controlling erucic acid synthesis and seed oil content,Theor.Appl.Genet.,91(6-7):972-977
Fan C.M.,Tian J.H.,Hu Z.M.,Wang Y.,Lu H.Y.,Ge Y.Q.,Wei X.,Deng D.X.,Zhang L.Y.,and Yang W.C.,2018,Advances of oilseed rape breeding,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),19(3):447-454(范成明,田建华,胡赞民,王珏,吕慧颖,葛毅强,魏珣,邓向东,张蕾颖,杨维才,2018,油菜育种行业创新动态与发展趋势,植物遗传资源学报,19(3):447-454)
Fu Z.L.,2017,Gene cloning and functional characterization of Brassica napus Mutant sfz,Dissertation for Ph.D.,Jiangsu University,Supervisor:Tan X.L.,pp.1-5(付正莉,2017,甘蓝型油菜少分枝突变体sfz基因的克隆和功能分析,博士学位论文,江苏大学,导师:谭小力,pp.1-5)
Guo X.J.,2016,Improvement the S.sclerotiorum resistance,seed germination rate and seed oil content by regulating the GDSL transcriptional level in Brassica napus,Thesis for M.S.,Jiangsu University,Supervisor:Tan X.L.,pp.73-74(郭小娟,2016,通过调控GDSL转录水平提高甘蓝型油菜抗菌核病,种子萌发速度和含油量,硕士学位论文,江苏大学,导师:谭小力,pp.73-74)
Kang L.,2014,Develoing the cenic male sterile line and its maintainer with high oil content by marker-assisted selection in rapeseed(Brassica napus),Thesis for M.S.,Huazhong Agricultural University,Supervisor:Yang G.S.,pp.2-10(康雷,2014,利用分子标记辅助选育甘蓝型油菜高含油量核不育系及同型临保系,硕士学位论文,华中农业大学,导师:杨光圣,pp.2-10)
Li C.,Li B.,Qu C.M.,Yan X.Y.,Fu F.Y.,Liu L.Z.,Chen L.,and Li J.N.,2011,Analysis of difference QTLs for oil content between two environments in Brassica napus L.,Acta Agronomica Sinica,37(2):249-254
Li D.,Lei Z.,Xue J.,Zhou G.,Hang Y.,and Sun X.,2017,Regulation of FATTY ACID ELONGATION1 expression and production in Brassica oleracea and Capsella rubella,Planta,246(24):1-16
Liu F.,Xia Y.,Wu L.,Fu D.,Hayward A.,Luo J.,Yan X.,Xiong X.,Fu P.,Wu G.,and Lu C.,2015,Enhanced seed oil content by overexpressing genes related to triacylglyceride synthesis,Gene,557(2):163-171
Liu Z.S.,Guan C.Y.,Chen S.Y.,Liu S.Y.,and Yang L.,2010,Transfer of superior traits from Brassica jucea into Brassica napus,Agricultural Science&Technology,11(6):49-52
Qian W.,2016,Variation analysis of winter Brassica juncea and Brassica napus,Brassica Rapa hybrids,Thesis for M.S.,Gansu Agricultural University,Supervisor:Li X.C.,pp.50(钱武,2016,芥菜型冬油菜与甘蓝型冬油菜,白菜型冬油菜杂种变异分析,硕士学位论文,甘肃农业大学,导师:李学才,pp.50)
Qiu D.,Morgan C.,Shi J.,Long Y.,Liu J.,Li R.,Zhuang X.,Wang Y.,Tan X.,Dietrich E.,Weihmann T.,Everett C.,Vanstraelen S.,Beckett P.,Fraser F.,Trick M.,Barnes S.,Wilmer J.,Schmidt R.,Li J.,Li D.,Meng J.,and Bancroft I.,2006,A comparative linkage map of oilseed rape and its use for QTL analysis of seed oil and erucic acid content,Theor.Appl.Genet.,114(1):67-80
Qu C.M.,2012,Studies on the mechanism of formation of seedcoat colour in Brassica napus L.,Dissertation for Ph.D.,Southwest University,Supervisor:Li J.N.,pp.1-10(曲存民,2012,甘蓝型油菜种皮色泽形成机理研究,博士学位论文,西南大学,导师:李加纳,pp.1-10)
Sahasrabudhe M.R.,1 977,Crismer va lues and erucic acid contents of rapeseed oils,Journal of the American Oil Chemists'Society,54(8):323-324
Wang Y.,Rong H.,Xie T.,Jiang J.,Wu J.,and Wang Y.,2016,Comparison of DNA methylation in the developing seeds of yellow-and black-seeded Brassica napus through MSAPanalysis,Euphytica,209(1):157-169
Wen J.,2017,Oil dynamic accumulation and expression differences of key genes in developing seed in Brassica napus L.,Southwest University,Thesis for M.S.,Supervisor:Tang Z.L.,pp.1-4(文均,2017,甘蓝型油菜种子发育过程中油脂积累动态及关键基因的表达差异分析,硕士学位论文,西南大学,导师:唐章林,pp.1-4)
Yang P.,Shu C.,Chen L.,Xu J.S.,Wu J.S.,and Liu K.D.,2012,Identification of a major QTL for silique length and seed weight in oilseed rape(Brassica,napus L.),Theor.Appl.Genet.,125(2):285-296
Yin Y.T.,2011,Cloning and expressing of lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase family genes from Brassica napus L.,Dissertation for Ph.D.,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Supervisor:Li M.T.,pp.71-95(尹永泰,2011,甘蓝型油菜溶血磷脂酸酰基转移酶基因的克隆和表达,博士学位论文,华中科技大学,导师:栗茂腾,pp.71-95)
Zhang Z.L.,2012.,Plant regeneration from somatic embryogenesis of Chrysanthemum(Yuukou)and the establishment of genetic transformation system,Dalian University of Technology,Thesis for M.S.,Supervisor:Xu P.S.,pp.12-13,43(张志玲,2012,菊花不定胚再生及转基因体系的建立,硕士学位论文,大连理工大学,导师:徐品三,pp.12-13,43)
Zhu Y.T.,Study on the system of microspore and culture and DH-line productivity in Brassica napus L.,Thesis for M.S.,Northwest A&F University,Supervisor:Yang S.S.,pp.1-2(朱彦涛,2005,油菜小孢子培养和DH系繁殖研究,硕士学位论文,西北农林科技大学,导师:杨淑慎,pp.1-2)
Chen J.,2017,QTL mapping of silique and seed related traits including oil content in Brassica napus L.using a high-density sequence-based linkage map,Dissertation for Ph.D.,Huazhong Agricultural University,Supervisor:Liu K.D.,pp.19-22(陈军,2017,利用高密度SNP图谱定位甘蓝型油菜含油量及角粒相关性状QTL,博士学位论文,华中农业大学,导师:刘克德,pp.19-22)
Chen J.Q.,Huang R.Z.,Lang C.X.,Hu Z.H.,and Liu Z.H.,1999,Molecular cloning and sequencing of the PEP gene from Brassica napus and construction of the antisense PEP gene,Zhejiang Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Zhejiang University(A-griculture and Life Sciences)),(4):25-27(陈锦清,黄锐之,郎春秀,胡张华,刘智宏,1999,油菜PEP基因的克隆及PEP反义基因的构建,浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),(4):25-27)
Ecke W.,Uzunova M.,and WeiBleder K.,1995,Mapping the genome of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.).II.localization of genes controlling erucic acid synthesis and seed oil content,Theor.Appl.Genet.,91(6-7):972-977
Fan C.M.,Tian J.H.,Hu Z.M.,Wang Y.,Lu H.Y.,Ge Y.Q.,Wei X.,Deng D.X.,Zhang L.Y.,and Yang W.C.,2018,Advances of oilseed rape breeding,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),19(3):447-454(范成明,田建华,胡赞民,王珏,吕慧颖,葛毅强,魏珣,邓向东,张蕾颖,杨维才,2018,油菜育种行业创新动态与发展趋势,植物遗传资源学报,19(3):447-454)
Fu Z.L.,2017,Gene cloning and functional characterization of Brassica napus Mutant sfz,Dissertation for Ph.D.,Jiangsu University,Supervisor:Tan X.L.,pp.1-5(付正莉,2017,甘蓝型油菜少分枝突变体sfz基因的克隆和功能分析,博士学位论文,江苏大学,导师:谭小力,pp.1-5)
Guo X.J.,2016,Improvement the S.sclerotiorum resistance,seed germination rate and seed oil content by regulating the GDSL transcriptional level in Brassica napus,Thesis for M.S.,Jiangsu University,Supervisor:Tan X.L.,pp.73-74(郭小娟,2016,通过调控GDSL转录水平提高甘蓝型油菜抗菌核病,种子萌发速度和含油量,硕士学位论文,江苏大学,导师:谭小力,pp.73-74)
Kang L.,2014,Develoing the cenic male sterile line and its maintainer with high oil content by marker-assisted selection in rapeseed(Brassica napus),Thesis for M.S.,Huazhong Agricultural University,Supervisor:Yang G.S.,pp.2-10(康雷,2014,利用分子标记辅助选育甘蓝型油菜高含油量核不育系及同型临保系,硕士学位论文,华中农业大学,导师:杨光圣,pp.2-10)
Li C.,Li B.,Qu C.M.,Yan X.Y.,Fu F.Y.,Liu L.Z.,Chen L.,and Li J.N.,2011,Analysis of difference QTLs for oil content between two environments in Brassica napus L.,Acta Agronomica Sinica,37(2):249-254
Li D.,Lei Z.,Xue J.,Zhou G.,Hang Y.,and Sun X.,2017,Regulation of FATTY ACID ELONGATION1 expression and production in Brassica oleracea and Capsella rubella,Planta,246(24):1-16
Liu F.,Xia Y.,Wu L.,Fu D.,Hayward A.,Luo J.,Yan X.,Xiong X.,Fu P.,Wu G.,and Lu C.,2015,Enhanced seed oil content by overexpressing genes related to triacylglyceride synthesis,Gene,557(2):163-171
Liu Z.S.,Guan C.Y.,Chen S.Y.,Liu S.Y.,and Yang L.,2010,Transfer of superior traits from Brassica jucea into Brassica napus,Agricultural Science&Technology,11(6):49-52
Qian W.,2016,Variation analysis of winter Brassica juncea and Brassica napus,Brassica Rapa hybrids,Thesis for M.S.,Gansu Agricultural University,Supervisor:Li X.C.,pp.50(钱武,2016,芥菜型冬油菜与甘蓝型冬油菜,白菜型冬油菜杂种变异分析,硕士学位论文,甘肃农业大学,导师:李学才,pp.50)
Qiu D.,Morgan C.,Shi J.,Long Y.,Liu J.,Li R.,Zhuang X.,Wang Y.,Tan X.,Dietrich E.,Weihmann T.,Everett C.,Vanstraelen S.,Beckett P.,Fraser F.,Trick M.,Barnes S.,Wilmer J.,Schmidt R.,Li J.,Li D.,Meng J.,and Bancroft I.,2006,A comparative linkage map of oilseed rape and its use for QTL analysis of seed oil and erucic acid content,Theor.Appl.Genet.,114(1):67-80
Qu C.M.,2012,Studies on the mechanism of formation of seedcoat colour in Brassica napus L.,Dissertation for Ph.D.,Southwest University,Supervisor:Li J.N.,pp.1-10(曲存民,2012,甘蓝型油菜种皮色泽形成机理研究,博士学位论文,西南大学,导师:李加纳,pp.1-10)
Sahasrabudhe M.R.,1 977,Crismer va lues and erucic acid contents of rapeseed oils,Journal of the American Oil Chemists'Society,54(8):323-324
Wang Y.,Rong H.,Xie T.,Jiang J.,Wu J.,and Wang Y.,2016,Comparison of DNA methylation in the developing seeds of yellow-and black-seeded Brassica napus through MSAPanalysis,Euphytica,209(1):157-169
Wen J.,2017,Oil dynamic accumulation and expression differences of key genes in developing seed in Brassica napus L.,Southwest University,Thesis for M.S.,Supervisor:Tang Z.L.,pp.1-4(文均,2017,甘蓝型油菜种子发育过程中油脂积累动态及关键基因的表达差异分析,硕士学位论文,西南大学,导师:唐章林,pp.1-4)
Yang P.,Shu C.,Chen L.,Xu J.S.,Wu J.S.,and Liu K.D.,2012,Identification of a major QTL for silique length and seed weight in oilseed rape(Brassica,napus L.),Theor.Appl.Genet.,125(2):285-296
Yin Y.T.,2011,Cloning and expressing of lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase family genes from Brassica napus L.,Dissertation for Ph.D.,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Supervisor:Li M.T.,pp.71-95(尹永泰,2011,甘蓝型油菜溶血磷脂酸酰基转移酶基因的克隆和表达,博士学位论文,华中科技大学,导师:栗茂腾,pp.71-95)
Zhang Z.L.,2012.,Plant regeneration from somatic embryogenesis of Chrysanthemum(Yuukou)and the establishment of genetic transformation system,Dalian University of Technology,Thesis for M.S.,Supervisor:Xu P.S.,pp.12-13,43(张志玲,2012,菊花不定胚再生及转基因体系的建立,硕士学位论文,大连理工大学,导师:徐品三,pp.12-13,43)
Zhu Y.T.,Study on the system of microspore and culture and DH-line productivity in Brassica napus L.,Thesis for M.S.,Northwest A&F University,Supervisor:Yang S.S.,pp.1-2(朱彦涛,2005,油菜小孢子培养和DH系繁殖研究,硕士学位论文,西北农林科技大学,导师:杨淑慎,pp.1-2)